Nekuda kwekudziya kwepasirese nekukwira kwetembiricha yepasi rose, Gungwa Rakafa rakachinja zvakanyanya mumakumi emakore apfuura. Muna 1983 spa yakavhurwa pamhenderekedzo yeGungwa Rakafa uko vashanyi vaigona kubuda muchivako ndokusvika kumvura. Nhasi mufananidzo wasiyana. Kugona kubva paspa kuenda kumvura, vakafanirwa kuisa chitima chinotora makiromita maviri nzira kuenda kugungwa.
Gungwa Rakafa rinogona kununurwa kubva mukuparadza kwekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze?
Gungwa rakafa
Gungwa Rakafa ndiyo nzvimbo yakadzika kwazvo pamusoro penyika (kwete Oceanic) - 430 metres pazasi pegungwa - asi huwandu hwayo hwemvura hunoramba huchidzikira. Pamuganhu naJorodhani kumabvazuva uye Israel uye West Bank kumadokero, gungwa iri igungwa. Matanho emvura agara achichinja. Nhoroondo inoti yakatopinda zvakadzama makore zviuru gumi apfuura. Asi ikozvino, tembiricha yepasi rose yakwira, nepo kusanaya kwemvura nemvura kuri kuderera pamwero wakawedzera.
Gungwa Rakafa rine zvipenyu zvakasiyana zvinotsigira uye zviri kutotambura nemhedzisiro yekudzoka kwemvura (iyo inoderera ingangoita mita imwe pagore). Vanamazvikokota nemasayendisiti vanonetsekana kuti gungwa rinogona kunyangarika zvachose kana pasina chakaitwa kudzivirira izvi kuenderera mberi. Kunyangwe hazvo mabacteria chete anogona kupona munyu wemunyu weGungwa Rakafa, iro gungwa rinotsigira mhuka dzesango munzvimbo yayo.
Maruva nemhuka zvinotsigira dziva
Ichifungidzirwa sechishamiso chechisikigo, dhamu rine zita raro kune chokwadi chekuti mabhakitiriya chete uye zvimwe zvipuka zvipuka zvinogona kugara mariri, sezvo mvura yaro ine munyu wakapetwa kagumi pane yegungwa rakajairwa. Nekudaro, kuwanda kwezvirimwa nemhuka, kusanganisira mhuka dzakaita sedzembudzi yemumakomo nembada, zvinoenderana nemafuta, akakomberedza gungwa.
Kutsvagurudza uye vanoona nezvezvakatipoteredza vanoyambira kuti sezvo mwero wegungwa uchiramba uchidzikira, nzvimbo dziri kuwedzera kuoma uye mamiriro ezvinhu anokanganisa ruzhinji rweshiri dzinofamba, dzinomira ipapo gore rega rega kuti dzibatsirwe nemamiriro ekunze akadzikama.
Ndiani ari kukonzera njodzi iyi?
Tiri kucherechedza kukuvara kwehunhu uye huwandu hwemvura yeGungwa Rakafa, asi ndiani anokonzeresa zvese izvi? Nyanzvi dzinotsigira kuti shanduko yemamiriro ekunze inoita basa rakakosha, nekuti nekuwedzera kwekushisa kwepasirese, mwero wekusimuka kwemvura unowedzera uye kusanaya kwemvura kunowedzera. Zvisinei, shanduko yemamiriro ekunze haisi iyo honzeri huru yeizvi. Ibasa revanhu.
Nekusava nedhata rakajeka rekuti shanduko yemamiriro ekunze inokanganisa sei mwero wekusimuka kwemvura uye hutongi hwekunaya, zviri pachena kuti musiyano Chinyanya kukanganiswa nekuderera kwemwero wegungwa kunwiwa kwemvura yekunwa muIsrael, Jordan neSyria.
Joridhani raimbova nesimba ndiro rwizi rukuru runopa ino nharaunda uyezve neGungwa Rakafa. Mukutanga kwayo ndeimwe yenzira huru dzemvura dzenyika, uye yakakosha kumiganhu iri kuMiddle East. Zvisinei, madhamu makuru, mapaipi nemapombi zvakavakirwa kutsausa mvura yekunwa zvakaderedza rwizi kuita gomba munzvimbo. Pamamiriyoni emamiriyoni emamiriyoni ema 1,3 emamirimita ayo Joridhani anoendesa kuGungwa Rakafa, chete 5% inosvika pagungwa.
Dambudziko remvura kuMiddle East
Kunyanya muJorodhani, imwe yenzvimbo dzinopisa pasi pano, kuwana mvura yakachengeteka ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero zvikuru zvekupokana. Gungwa Rakafa rinobhadhara kushomeka kwemvura mudunhu. Uye zvakare, vanhu vanogara mudhamu zvakare vanonzwa kukanganiswa kwehupfumi kweGungwa Rakafa. Makambani mazhinji munzvimbo ino anovimba nazvo, nehupfumi hwayo mune zvicherwa, uye nehunyanzvi hwayo hwekurapa.
Maindasitiri anotorawo zvicherwa kubva mudhamu uye zviri kuramba zvichiomera kuita bhizinesi. Mhinduro yedambudziko iri hombe inogona kunge iri kuvakwa kwemugero unotakura mvura kubva kuGungwa Dzvuku kuenda kuGungwa Rakafa, nenzira iyi kudzikira kwematanho ayo kunogona kumiswa.