Antarctica, iyo inotonhora kondinendi pasi
Gore rega rega, kana nguva yechando ichiuya, kune vanhu vanofarira nguva yechando, sinou, asi kune vamwe vanotambura uye vanogunun'una nezve tembiricha yakaderera. Imwe mhinduro ndeyekuzvinyaradza nekufunga kuti kune dzimwe nzvimbo uko tembiricha iri kutonhora zvisingaite.
Iyo inotonhorera inogarwa zvachose pasi pano iri Maodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva Siberia, uko tembiricha mumaguta eVerkhoyansk neOimekon akadonhera ku67,8 ºC pazasi zero muna 1892 na1933 zvichiteerana. Uye kudzamara zvidzidzo zvekupedzisira zvaitwa, rekodhi yaive 89,2 ° C pazasi zero, yakanyoreswa munzvimbo yeRussia yesainzi yeVostok mu Antarctica izvi muna 1983.
Asi, parizvino, ndeipi nzvimbo inotonhora pasi pano? Nzvimbo inotonhorera pamusoro pepasi iri munzvimbo yemakomo eAntarctic kumabvazuva kwenzvimbo yeAntarctic uko tembiricha inogona kusvika pamitengo pazasi pe92ºC pazasi pe zero pahusiku hwakajeka hwechando.
Boka remasayendisiti rakawana nzvimbo ino nekuongorora zvakadzama mamiriro epasirese epasi pamepu akawanikwa kusvika zvino, akagadzirwa nedata kubva kumateteneti ekure ekuona senge Landsat 8 (iri yeNASA uye USGS).
Vatsvagurudzo vakaongorora data rakawanikwa kubva kumaseteraiti akasiyana siyana pamusoro pemakore makumi matatu nemaviri. Vakaona kuti mune dzakawanda zviitiko rekodhi yekutonhora kwakanyanya kwaive pane dzakateedzana nzvimbo pakati pemakomo eAntarctic, misoro miviri iri pane inozivikanwa seEast Antarctic Plateau. Iyo nyowani rekodhi yakasvikwa muna Nyamavhuvhu 32, 10, ichisvika kukosha kwe2010 ºC pazasi zero.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HMCSyD4jVoc
Zvaitove kufungirwa kuti nzvimbo yemakomo yeAntarctic iyi inogona kusvika tembiricha pazasi peya Vostok nekuda kwekukwira kwayo, asi yaive yekupedzisira, nekuda kweiyo Landsat 8 sensor, kuti zvaigona kudzidza nzvimbo ino zvakadzama uye kuona kukosha kwayo.
Iyo nzira yekuwana mhinduro kumubvunzo, ndeipi tembiricha inotonhora kupfuura dzose inogona kusvikwa pasi pano uye nei? Zvakatanga apo vamwe vaongorori vaidzidza kutamiswa kwemakomo makuru echando kumabvazuva kweAntarctic. Masayendisiti paakawedzera ruzivo, vakaona kutsemuka pamusoro pechando pakati pematope, pamwe akagadzirwa apo tembiricha yakadzikira zvakanyanya zvekuti chikamu chepamusoro chechando chakanyura.
Munzvimbo ino mune tembiricha dzakanyanyisa dzinodonha zvakanyanya kana kudenga kwachena. Kana denga rikaramba rakajeka kwemazuva akati wandei, tembiricha yepasi inodonha zvichienderera mberi, ichibvumira kupisa kwakasara kuti kutize. Neiyi nzira, nhepfenyuro yemhepo inotonhorera zvikuru inogadzirwa pamusoro pechando nechando, yakanyanyisa kupfuura mhepo iri pamusoro, ichidzika nemateru emakomo emakomo ekumabvazuva kweAntarctic rwizi nekupinda mumakomba echando, uye nenzira iyi tembiricha inodonha zvakanyanya.
Sekureva kwevaongorori, kana mweya ukaramba wakamira kwenguva yakareba, kupisa kwakasara kunoramba kuchipenya, uye nenzira iyi zvinyorwa zvekutonhora mupasi zvinosvika. Pakutanga zvaifungidzirwa kuti idzi tembiricha tembiricha dzaizowanikwa munzvimbo dzakatarwa, zvinoratidza Scambos (mutungamiri weprojekiti), asi zvakawanikwa kuti zvinopesana zvinoonekwa munzvimbo yakatambanuka yekukwirira kwakakwirira kweAntarctica.
Mamwe mashoko: Siberia Altai dunhu rakanyora tembiricha dzakakwirira kwazvo mumakore 170, Iwo echinyakare echando epakati pasi akawanikwa muAntarctica, Masayendisiti eRussia anoti vasvika kuLake Vostok mamaira maviri pasi pechando cheAntarctic
mabviro: NASA