Mamiriro ekunze azvino epasi ari kupenga. Uye ndezvekuti zhizha rino riri kuburitsa mafungu ekupisa uye kupisa kwakanyanya kutenderera pasirese. Tsananguro uye nekwakabva izvi zvese zvinoenderana nekudziya kwepasi kunoitwa nemunhu. Hapana chimwe uye hapana zvishoma yakanyorwa muAntarctica gore rapfuura yakanyorwa rekodhi ye18.3C. Iyo tembiricha yakanyorwa muna Kukadzi 6, 2020, sekureva kweUN World Meteorological Organisation.
Neichi chikonzero, isu tichaisa iyi chinyorwa kukuudza kuti ndezvipi zvikonzero nei tembiricha yeAntarctica iri kusvika kumatunhu enhoroondo.
Antarctic tembiricha rekodhi
Ramba uchifunga kuti mukati memwedzi waKukadzi muna maodzanyemba hemisphere chirimo. Nechikonzero ichi, tembiricha yakakwira kwazvo yegore rese yakanyoreswa panguva ino, yanga iri pano mwedzi unotonhora kwazvo wegore. Pane dambudziko repasirese kupfuura chirwere chetachiona chakaburitswa naCovid-19, icho kudziya kwepasi. Iko hakuna mushonga wekudzivirira rudzi urwu.
Chaizvoizvo mwana wevanhu akatotanga mashandiro ekuchinja kwepasirese pasina kudzoka. Izvo zvakange zvayambirwa kare kuti kana avhareji tembiricha yepasi rose ichizosvika zvisina kujairika ma maximums, hakuzove nekudzoka kune yakaipa mhedzisiro yekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze. Greenhouse gasi inoburitswa nevanhu yakangowedzera mumakore apfuura zvisinei nekuedza uye zvibvumirano zvakaitwa neChipangano cheParis.
Kuongorora iyo Antarctic tembiricha rekodhi inotibatsira kuvaka mufananidzo wemamiriro ekunze uye mamiriro ekunze pane imwe yemuganho wekupedzisira wepasi redu. Kuti tione kuti nei Antarctica iri imwe yenzvimbo dzinokurumidza-kudziya dzepasi, isu tinofanirwa kuenda kune rinotakura bhandi.
Conveyor bhandi uye maficha
Iko kune kunononoka kutenderera kwe thermohaline, iyo isingafambiswe nemhepo, asi nekupararira kwekupisa uye kunaya kwemvura mugungwa. Rudzi urwu rwekutenderera runonzi conveyor bhandi. Chaizvoizvo ijeti yemvura umo huwandu hwakawanda hwemvura inopisa inotenderera yakananga kuNorth Pole, iyo sezvo tembiricha inodonha inova yakawanda munyu uye gobvu. Uku kuwedzera kwehuwandu kunokonzeresa kuti muviri wemvura unyure uye udzokerezve kudzika kumashure. Kana vasvika paPacific Ocean, vanopisa zvakare uye kuwanda kwavo kunodzikira, uye vanodzokera kumusoro.
Eya, munzvimbo inonyura mitumbi yemvura nekuti inotonhora uye yakafuta, hapana chando chakaonekwa kubvira 1998. Izvi zvinoita kuti bhandi rinotakura rimire kushanda, zvichikonzera kuti mvura itonhorere zvishoma. Kubatsira uko izvi zvinogona kupa ndekwekuti, pakupera kwezana ramakore, United Kingdom, Ireland, Iceland nemahombekombe eFrance neNorway (kuwedzera kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweSpain) Ivo vanongokwira 2 ° C, zvichienzaniswa neyakaipisisa 4 ° C munzvimbo zhinji dzenyika dzeEurope. Idzi inhau dzakanaka dzekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweEurope, asi kwete kunzvimbo dzinopisa dzeAmerica, nekuti kurasikirwa kwezvazvino kuchawedzera kudziya kwemvura yeAtlantic munzvimbo iyoyo uye, semhedzisiro, kusimba kwedutu.
Tembiricha yeAntarctica yakanyanya kukwirira
Tinofanira kugara tichifunga kuti Antarctica inyika yakazara nechando. Iyo ndeimwe yemainjini anotonhora epasi rese. Nekuwedzera kwetembiricha, iko kusungunuka kuri kuita kwemakomo echando echando uye kukwira kwemazinga egungwa zvinotarisirwa. Mukuenderana neshanduko yemamiriro ekunze, inzvimbo yepasi rese ndiyo iri kudziya zvakanyanya. Pakati paApril, chirevo kubva kuWorld Meteorological Organisation chakaitwa uye chakaratidza kuti 2020 raive gore rechitatu rinopisa munhoroondo sezvo paine marekodhi, kumashure kwa2016 na2019. Ivhareji tembiricha mumakore ano ndeye 1.2 degrees Celsius pamusoro pe pre-maindasitiri echimurenga mazinga.
Uye zvakare, mumakore gumi apfuura zvese zvakapfuura marekodhi etembiricha akapfuura. Sekureva kwechinhu ichi uye vesaenzi vanozviita, kuwanda kwemweya we greenhouse mudenga wakaramba uchikwira mumakore apfuura. Kana aya magasi anodziisa kupisa anoramba achikwira, tembiricha inoramba ichikwira.
Mumwe mhedzisiro yekukwira kwetembiricha muAntarctica igungwa. Iyo maitiro akawedzera kunyange mumwedzi ichangopfuura. Mukumuka kwekuenderera mberi kwekunyungudika kweGreenland neAntarctic glaciers, mwero wegungwa wakakwira. Panguva imwecheteyo, ecosystems uye mhuka dzegungwa dzinoenderera dzichitambura zvakakomba zvakashata mhedzisiro yeiyo acidification uye deoxygenation yemvura yegungwa.
Zvichakadaro, chidzidzo chakaburitswa muna Chivabvu mumagazini Nature Geoscience chakayambira kuti kunyungudika kwechando muAntarctica kunotyisidzira cheni kuita mumamiriro ekunze.
Migumisiro
MuArctic, mamiriro acho akatopesana. Yakawanda yegungwa, nepo Antarctica yakakomberedzwa nenyika. Izvi zvinoita kuti hunhu pamberi pemamiriro ekunze hwakasiyana. Kunyangwe chando chegungwa chinoyangarara chanyungudika, ine zvishoma zvainoita pamwero wegungwa. Izvi hazvisizvo zvemakomo echando emakomo kana maAntarctic echando.
Rwazvino ruzivo rwekunyungudika kwematanda runoratidza kuti kune rimwe remakomo echando makuru muAntarctica, inonzi iyo Totten Glacier, iyo iri kunyunguduka nekuda kwekukwira kwetembiricha yegungwa. Yakarasikirwa nechando chakawandisa uye kukwira kwemwero wegungwa kunozoonekwa zvakanyanya. NASA yakazivisa kuti zvinoita sekunge tasvika padanho rekupunzika kwepolar isingadzoreke.
Kune akawanda mashandiro atinoita kuti tiite uye nezviyero zvakawanda zvinopesana nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze zvatinoita, zvinoita zvisingaite kumisa kunyungudika kwenzvimbo dzinonaya mvura yechando.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve Antarctic tembiricha rekodhi uye maitiro ayo.