Sezvatinoziva, kune marudzi akawanda emapoka enyeredzi muchisiko chose. Rudzi rwega rwenyeredzi rune hunhu hwakasiyana uye chimiro chakakosha. Muchiitiko chino, tiri kutaura pamusoro Sombrero Galaxy. Iyo inozivikanwawo seMessier 104 galaxy, iyo Sombrero Galaxy, ingangoita mamirioni makumi matatu kubva pachiedza-makore, inowana zita rayo kubva pachimiro chayo chisina kujairika uye nderimwe remakwara enzou anozivikanwa zvikuru.
Muchikamu chino tichakuudza zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezveSombrero galaxy, maitiro ayo uye curiosities.
Chii chinonzi Sombrero Galaxy?
Iyo Sombrero Galaxy ndeye lenticular galaxy 28 miriyoni chiedza-makore kubva kuPasi. Kubva padanho revhu rinocherechedzwa kubva kumucheto, uye mhete huru yakazadzwa neguruva rakasviba uye yakakurumbira yakatsanangurwa musimboti inogona kugadziriswa, asi kazhinji haitaridzike yakanyatsotsanangurwa neziso rakashama, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvidiki A telescope. achaita manomano.
Iro igwara renzou, ndiko kuti, rakaita serenzi uye harina mhepo, sezvo risingabudisi nyeredzi. Inosanganisira core ine chiseled disk yakaipoteredza, zvisinei nehuruva yakasviba yakawanda. Kureba kwayo kunobva pa 50.000 140.000 kusvika pa 9 4 light years. Kukura kwayo kuri pachena (sekuonekwa kubva kuPasi) ndeye XNUMX x XNUMX arc maminetsi, chikamu chimwe muzvishanu chemakumi matatu cheMwedzi uye zuva rinopfuura 30 800.000, kana kuti nekaviri kupfuura yeMilky Way.
Munguva pfupi yapfuura tsvagiridzo yeNASA yakaratidza kuti iyo Sombrero Galaxy inopenya zvakanyanya mukati meradius yegumi MPC. Nyeredzi dzayo dzakapenya zvakanyanya uye dzinoiswa muboka reRudzi rwechipiri nekuti dzinozivikanwa kuti dzakura, asi nyeredzi dziri muguruva rakasviba rakadzipoteredza idiki.
Uyezve, iri boka renyeredzi musha wenhamba inoshamisa yemasumbu epasi; munzvimbo yaro mune masumbu anosvika zviuru zviviri, pakati pe2.000 ne25.000 light years; akasiyana chaizvo nemasumbu mazana maviri anoumba Gwara renzou
Dzimwe ongororo dzakaratidza kuti inogona kunge iine gomba dema rakakura pakati payo, rine huwandu hwezuva rinosvika miriyoni imwe (yakakura zvakapetwa ka1.000 kupfuura pakati peMilky Way), zvichiita kuti ibve paNyika nekumhanya kunoshamisa, kunyanya 250. km. /s, ichiita kuti ionekwe Nzvimbo yepakati pechadenga chine vhoriyamu hukuru uye hukuru.
Zvimwe pamusoro peSombrero Galaxy
zita
Kutarisa mifananidzo yegirazi kana kuritarisa kuburikidza neteresikopu, zvinova pachena kuti nei ichinzi Sombrero Galaxy. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kana uchitarisa pairi, mupendero chete we diski unogona kugadziriswa, nekurereka kweanenge madhigirii matanhatu uye bulge rayo rakakurumbira rinoumbwa nenhamba huru yenyeredzi, vanogadzira zvinoita sengowani yekuMexico.
Zvisinei, zita resainzi rinoshandiswa nevanoongorora nyeredzi kuridaidza harisi iro Sombrero Galaxy, asi vakakwanisa kurizivisa nemazita akati wandei:
- Mutumwa 104
- Messier Chinhu 104
- M104
- NGC 4594
Inonzi Messier nekuti ndiyo yaive yekutanga kubatana neMessier Catalogue mushure mekusikwa kwayo.
Nzvimbo
Iri pakati pemapoka enyeredzi eVirgo neCorvus, pedyo neSpica (chikamu cheMhandara), iyo inoshandiswa kutsvaga Sombrero Galaxy. Kukwira kwayo kwerudyi maawa gumi nemaviri, 12 maminetsi, 39 masekondi, uye kudzikira kwayo maererano nendege yeGwara Renzou i -11° 37'23¨. Zviri nyore kuona neteresikopu iri nyore, asi hairangarirwi seboka reMhandara (muunganidzwa) sezvo iri kumaodzanyemba. zvayo .
Kuwanikwa kweiyo Sombrero Galaxy
Gwara renzou rakatanga kuwanikwa nguva muna 1781 uye yakaziviswa muna Chivabvu 1783 nemusayendisiti mumwe chete akaiwana, murume wechiFrench Pierre Méchain. Yakanga iri yekutanga boka rekudenga rakawedzerwa kubhuku reMessier mushure mekuburitswa kwebhuku reMessier uye rakawanikwa rakazvimiririra neGerman Wilhelm Herschel muna Chivabvu 9, 1784, gore rimwe chete mushure mekuburitswa.
Zvisineyi, nyanzvi yenyeredzi yekuFrance Charles Messier haana kuiwedzera pane yake pachake segwara renzou, panzvimbo pacho akaitsanangura se dim nebula, akazozvidemba ndokuidana kuti nyeredzi, achiipa zita rekuti M104. Rubhabhatidzo rwakaitwa.
Astrophotography
Mifananidzo iripo yegwara renzou iyi yakatorwa nemateresikopu maviri akakosha zvikuru anozivikanwa munharaunda yezvenyeredzi, iyo Hubble Space Telescope uye Subaru Space Telescope.
Mapikicha anotorwa muchiedza chinooneka uye infrared, uye akatorongwa kuti aburitse zvinhu zvisingaonekwe nemeso, kubatanidza mafoto emhando imwechete (inooneka-inooneka/infrared-infrared) uye yemhando dzakasiyana (inooneka-infrared) kuti uwane akawanda. mashoko sezvinobvira.
Zvimwe zvinhu zveSombrero Galaxy
Tichitariswa nedivi, iyi spiral galaxy, yakanyorwa seGlaxy NGC 4594, inoratidzirwa nebhendi rakasviba rinoita serinotsemura kureba kwaro, rakagadzirwa nemakore makuru akasviba. Iyo Sombrero Galaxy yakapetwa kaviri saizi yedu. Kudai taigona kutarisa zvedu nenzira imwe cheteyo, zvaizofanana nezviri muheti. Gwara renzou riri muboka renyeredzi reMhandara, kunyangwe risingatariswe senhengo yeVirgo Cluster.
Zvidzidzo zvenguva pfupi yapfuura zvinoita kuti ive galaxy inopenya mukati meradius ye10 MPC, nehupamhi hwakakwana hwe -22.8.2. M104 iri pakati pe50.000 uye 140.000 chiedza-makore kuyambuka.. Rine huremu hunosvika 800.000 104 mamiriyoni ezuva. M2000 yakapfumawo mune globular cluster system, ine materesikopu makuru achiona angangoita mazana akati wandei masumbu eglobula, anofungidzirwa kuXNUMX kana kupfuura, kupfuura nhamba yemasumbu enyeredzi anotenderera Gwara renzou. Mifananidzo ichangoburwa inoratidza kuti gwara renzou rine hombe galactic halo.
Zvikonzero zvinosanganisira boka guru renyeredzi dzakananga kunharaunda yepakati pegwara renzou uye mupendero wakatanhamara weguruva rakasviba rakakomberedza gwara renzou, rinoonekwa kubva kudivi kubva pamaonero edu. Mabhiriyoni enyeredzi dzekare ndiwo anokonzera kupenya kukuru kweM104, uye kunyatsotarisisa mhete kunoratidza zvimiro zvakaomarara nevazivi venyeredzi havasati vanzwisisa. Inoratidzikawo kunge iine 109 solar mass gomba dema pakati payo. Tsvagiridzo nyowani nerubatsiro rweSpitzer Infrared Telescope inoratidza kuti M104 inogona kunge iri, chokwadi, giant elliptical galaxy iyo munguva yakapfuura, anenge 9 bhiriyoni makore apfuura, rakabata zvinhu zvakaumba dhisiki rakaiswa mariri iro rakashanduka rikava zvatiri kuona nhasi.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezveSombrero galaxy uye maitiro ayo.