Imwe yemakemikari makemikari akagadzira kupokana kukuru mumakore apfuura ndeye sirivha iodide. Icho chinhu chisina kujairika icho chinoumbwa neatomu yesirivheri uye atomu yeodini. Iyo yakajeka-yeyero yeyero kristallini yakasimba iyo inowanzo kuita rima kana iratidzwa kune mwenje kwenguva yakareba. Iyo haina kusungunuka mumvura asi inogona kunyungudika pamberi peyakanyanya kuwanda kweiyodidhi ion.
Muchikamu chino tiri kuzokuudza nezvese hunhu, zvivakwa uye mashandisiro esirivhidhi yesirivha.
Mhando huru
Tiri kutaura nezve chinhu chisina kujairika chine macrystalline mamiriro akafanana neaya echando. Kwemakore, ruzivo neichi chikamu chakakura uye chakapihwa mashandisiro mazhinji. Imwe yacho ndeyekushanda sembeu yekukwanisa kuburitsa mvura nekushandura mamiriro ekunze. Uku kushandiswa kwakabvunzwa zvakanyanya nekuda kweiyo zvinogona kukuvara iodide yesirivheri inogona kukonzera kana ichinge yanyungudutswa mumvura. Zvakare, hapana anozivikanwa kwenguva refu mhedzisiro inogona kugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze enharaunda anogona kuva.
Kubva muzana ramakore regumi nemapfumbamwe rakashandiswa mukutora mifananidzo nekuda kwekugona kusviba nechiedza. Inoshandiswawo mumishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Munguva pfupi yapfuura pane zvimwe zvidzidzo zvekushandiswa kwesirivhodhi iodide mukubviswa kweradioactive iodine mumarara anogadzirwa mumagetsi enyukireya.
Icho chigadzirwa icho ine chepfu kuvanhu, mhuka nemiti. Nechikonzero ichi, pane gakava rakakura pamusoro pekushandiswa kwesirivodhodhi yesirivheri yekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze nekugadzira mvura. Maumbirwo echikamu ichi anoumbwa neiyo oxidation yenyika yesirivheri neodhini ine valence -1. Chisungo pakati pe ioni mbiri chakasimba uye chakatsiga. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero nei chisina kunyungudika mumvura. Chimiro chekristaro chinoenderana netembiricha yatiri. Pazasi pe137 degrees pane cubic chimiro, pakati pe137 kusvika 145 degrees isu tine solid ine greenish-yero kana beta-yakaita ruvara. Chekupedzisira, kana tembiricha ikakwira pamusoro pegumi neshanu neshanu, icharatidza iyo ayididhi yesirivheri ine ruvara rweyero uye neiri alpha fomu.
Sirivha Iodide Properties
Isu tinoziva kuti mune yayo chaiyo yepanyama mamiriro iyo yakasimba ine yakajeka yero yeruvara iyo inogadzira hexagonal kana cubic makristasi. Kurema kwayo kwemamorekuru kuri 234.773 gramu kune rimwe mole uye nzvimbo yaro inonyungudika ndeye 558 degrees. Kuti Heliodorus ibike sirivheri inofanirwa kusvika pamatembiricha e1506 degrees.
Sezvatakambotaura kare, chinhu chisina kujairika chinogadziriswa mumvura. Iyo haina insoluble mune acids kunze kwehydroiodic acid uye inogadziriswa mune yakanyatsogadziriswa mhinduro senge alkali bromides uye alkali chlorides. Pakati payo makemikari zvivakwa isu tine maacid ayo akaomeswa sekureba sekunge ari akanyanya tembiricha uye anorwisa zvishoma nezvishoma. Mhinduro umo mune yakawandisa ayodini ayoni inonyungudika, ichiumba yakaoma ayodini nesirivha. Chimwe chezvivakwa icho chakamira kunze ndechekuti ine hanya nechiedza. Kana mwenje ukafumurwa kwenguva yakareba, unosviba zvishoma nezvishoma uye unoumba sirivha yesimbi.
Sirivha iodide inoshandisa
Ichi chikamu chinowanikwa mune zvakasikwa muchimiro chemaminerari iodargyrite. Kana ichinge yave murabhoritari, inogona kugadzirirwa nekupisa mhinduro yesirivheri nitrate ine alkaline iodide mhinduro senge potassium iodide. Nenzira iyi, iyo iodidi yesirivheri yakagadzirwa.
Kumwe kwekushandisa kunopokana kwesirivhodhi yesiridhi munhoroondo yese kugadzira mvura. ndinoziva Unogona kunyorera mumakore kuti uchinje huwandu kana mhando yemvura inonaya. Inogona kukonzeresa chimvuramabwe, kuparadzira chando mhute kana kushayisa simba madutu. Kuti uite izvi, inogona kupararira sekunge yaive mhodzi mukati megore rinotonhorera rine mvura yemvura yakanyanyisa. Eta zvinoreva kuti tembiricha iri pazasi pe 0 degrees. Nekuva nekristaro dhizaini yakafanana neiya yechando, inofarira kutonhodza kwemvura ine supoo.
Dambudziko nekushandiswa kwesirivhidhi yesiridi mukugadzira mvura ndiyo mhedzisiro yayo. Uye ndeyekuti mushure mekupararira sembeu mumakore inowanikwa mukati mayo uye inoshambidzwa nemvura. Kuvapo kwesirubha rinonyungudika rakaomarara mumvura inonaya chinhu chinofanira kutariswa sezvo chiri kusvibisa uye chepfu kuzvirimwa, mhuka nevanhu. Nzvimbo yegungwa inobatawo mhuka dzese nemiti.
Cloud seeding ndiko kuyedza kwakaitwa makumi mashoma apfuura. Kana makore akadyarwa zvichiteerana pamusoro penzvimbo imwechete, inogona kugadzira iyo inokwana sirivheri iodide mhedzisiro. Zvinoenderana neongororo dzinoverengeka dzichangoburwa, kuwanda kwesirodhodhi yesirivheri kunowanikwa munzvimbo dzakashandiswa nzira yekudyara gore iri yakakwira kwazvo kupfuura muganho kubva pane iyo ine chepfu kune dzimwe hove uye zvisikwa zvipasi.
Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti iko chete kushandisa zvine musoro kwesirododhi iodide kungave kudzikamisa madutu, nekudaro ichideredza mhedzisiro yavo.
Zvimwe zvinoshandiswa
Sezvatakambotaura, nekuda kwekunzwa kwechiedza kwaishandiswa mukutora mifananidzo. Icho chinhu chinokwanisa kuita pamberi pechiedza. Izvi zvinoita kuti ishandiswe mukuwana mafotoensitive zvinhu zvakadai semapikicha emifananidzo makristasi akaiswa. Kutenda kune iodide yesirivha takakwanisa kutora mifananidzo kubva kune yekare kamera.
Kumwe kushandiswa kuri mukubviswa kweradioactive iodine. Sezvo iine insolubility yakakwira, yakanzi ibvise iyo radioactive iodine inowanikwa mune aqueous marara inogadzirwa mumagetsi enyukireya.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve sirivodhi iodide uye mashandisiro ayo.