Nhasi tichataura nezvebazi regeology iro rinotarisa pakudzidza kwezvinyoro. Zviri nezve iyo sedimentology. Iri bazi resainzi rinotarisa pakudzidza kwezvinyoro uye kuumbwa kwavo. Sediment madhipatimendi ayo anoumba pamusoro penyika uye pasi pegungwa. Zvinogona kuitika kuburikidza nemaitiro akasiyana e geological uye akakosha zvikuru mukushandura geology yepasi.
Naizvozvo, isu tichaisa iyi chinyorwa kukuudza zvese hunhu uye chinhu chekudzidza sedimentology.
Mhando huru
Zvigadziko Idzo idzo idzo dzinoumba pamusoro penyika uye pasi pegungwa. Iko kuumbwa kwenzvimbo munzvimbo hombe kunoenderana nemuviri uye makemikari zviito zviripo mukuchinja kwedombo. Semuenzaniso, mhepo uye dombo zvinounza hukama uhwo, pamwe chete nemvura, zvinodaidzwa kunzi maitiro akawandisa. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero zvinoita kuti masese akagadzirwa.
Mazhinji sedimentological maitiro anoitika nekuda kwekuita kwekumanikidza kwakanyanya uye tembiricha. Sedimentology inotarisa pakudzidza kupfeka kwematombo akasimba, kwavo kutakura uye kuisa. Kuburitswa kunovavarira pane diagenesis yedombo sedimentary. Kubva pano panouya zita remadombo emabwe. Ndiko kuunganidzwa kunoitika kubva kumatope akasiyana siyana kugadzira dombo. Maitiro aya anofanirwa kuyananiswa pachiyero chenguva yeiyo geological sezvo chisingakwanise kuverengerwa pamwero wevanhu. Tiri kutaura nezve mamirioni emakore ekuumbwa kwematombo aya.
Zvidimbu zvinhu zvakaiswa mumvura, nekuita kwechando, mhepo kana kemikari yakadzvanywa nemvura. Zvese izvi sedimentary maitiro anoitika zvese pasi pevhu uye mumvura.
Sedimentology maitiro
Sedimentary maitiro anotanga nekuparadzwa kwematombo akasimba anokonzerwa nekuita kwemhando dzakasiyana dze geological vamiririri. Muchidimbu, maitiro aya ndeaya: dzidziso, kukukurwa uye kutakurwa kwesvikiro senge mvura, mhepo uye chando. Inogona zvakare kuumbwa ne deposition kana kunaya uye, pakupedzisira, iyo diagenesis chii chiri chimiro chematombo akasimba. Ma sedimentary maitiro anodzidziswa mune sedimentology akaomarara uye anoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda.
Chinangwa chikuru chekudzidza sedimentology inoita basa rakakosha mumunda wesainzi. Iko kufarira kwehupfumi mune mamwe madhipatimendi mune sedimentary nharaunda iri yakajairika munda we sedimentology. Kunyanya kuitika ne munyu, mavhu, jecha uye marasha. Kune zvakare kune isingaperi nhamba yemadhipatimendi esimbi ane sedimentary mavambo, maviri senge mbichana. Naizvozvo, sedimentology ndiyo kiyi yekunzwisisa nharaunda uye kuratidzwa kwehumwe kusvibiswa senzizi nemakungwa. Kuti uongorore kusvibiswa senge murwizi system, unofanira kutanga wanzwisisa mashandiro anoita nzizi, uye kunyanya rwizi rwakasvibiswa. Pano kuiswa kwema sediment kwakakosha.
Mukati me sedimentology isu tinowana geotechnics. Kunyanya inotarisa pakudzidza kugadzikana kwevhu uye iri rakakosha munda pamberi pe chero basa rehurumende. Kana iwe uchida kuvaka chivakwa chemuzinda, tanga waongorora kugadzikana kwenguva refu kwevhu. Iko kukwirisa kwehunyanzvi hwekuwanda kwemazhinji emabasa makuru senge migero, mabhiriji, dzimba dzekuchengetedza, migwagwa mikuru uye skyscrapers inoda kudzidza kwakazara kwepasi. Zvinoenderana nezvose izvi kuti aya mabasa anoitwa uye haaburitse chero mhando yenjodzi.
Njodzi dzeGeological dzakabatana ne sedimentary maitiro. Semuenzaniso, kutyisidzirwa nemafashama kunofanirwa kuve kunetsekana kune chero munhu ari munzvimbo yepamusoro pakuronga nyika, dunhu kana dunhu. MaAlluviums ndiwo mahombekombe makuru ematope nemadhaka zvinoitika kana mvura yatakura zvinyoro zvese uye inoungana ichikonzera avalanches. Mafashama uye kukoromoka kwemvura zhinji murwizi rwakasikwa kana rwuno zviri zviitiko zvakakosha zvakanyanya kupfuura zvingave mune sedimentology.
Inotarisawo pakudzidza mvura yepasi. Hunhu hwenzvimbo dzese uko kune pasi pevhu mvura yekuchengetera zvinowirirana nezvimwe sedimentological parameter. Mazuva ano hazvisi zvakakosha chete kuziva kuwanda kwemvura mumigwagwa yepasi pevhu, asiwo mhando yesimba rezvisikwa izvi.
Maitiro eGeological e sedimentology
Pakutanga isu takataura kuti makuru maitiro eiyo geological anotanga nekuparadzwa kwedombo. Izvi zvinogona kupihwa nevamwe vemageological agents senge mamiriro ekunze, kutakura uye kunyorova. Chekupedzisira, iyo diagenesis yedombo dhizaini inogadzirwa. Ngatione zvishoma kuti tione zvakadzama kuti aya maitiro egeological.
Mamiriro ekunze
Kunze kwemamiriro ekunze kwakakamurwa kuita fizikisi uye kemesitiri, ngatione kuti ndeupi wavo:
- Kunze kwemamiriro ekunze: chiitiko chinotyora kana kugadzirisa matombo zvichienderana nezvavanoita uye mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza. Ivo vanokwanisa kupatsanura nekuvaparadzanisa. Vanoitawo zvicherwa. Izvo zvinowanzoitika zvikonzero zvemuviri mamiriro ekunze imvura, chando, nyungudika, mhepo, uye kuenderera shanduko mukushisa mukati mehusiku neusiku.
- Chemical makemikari ekunze: Iyo ndiyo inoitika kunyanya mumamiriro ekunze ane hunyoro uye inokonzeresa makemikari anoitika pakati pemweya wemuchadenga nemaminerari aripo mumatombo. Panyaya iyi, chii chinoitika ndiko kuparara kwezvikamu izvi. Mvura uye kuvapo kwemagasi senge okisijeni uye hydrogen zvinova zvinokonzera kukanganiswa kwemakemikari kunokonzera mamiriro ekunze.
Kukukurwa uye kutakurwa mune sedimentology
Kukurwa kwevhu kunoitika kana mvura ikanaya, mhepo, uye kuyerera kwemvura kuchiita pamatombo. Aya ndiwo maitiro ekuparadzaniswa uye kushanduka kwezvakafanana zvinoramba zvichingoitika. Kufambisa ndiyo nzira inoguma nekukurwa. Zvese zvidimbu uye zvidimbu zvakapatsanurwa nekukukurwa zvinotakurwa nemafashama emvura, glaciers nemhepo.
Sedimentation idanho rekupedzisira uye rinoenderana ne kuisirwa kwemasimba akasimba ayo akatakurwa nekukurwa. Izvi zvidimbu zvinonzi sediments. Idzo nzvimbo dzine huwandu hwakawanda kwazvo hwenzara ndiyo miromo yenzizi uye munzvimbo dzakaita semakungwa nemakungwa. Iyo sediment yakambochengetwa iri, zvakare, inobviswa nemamwe mageological agents sekukukurwa uye mamiriro ekunze. Kana madutu aya akawana hukuru hukuru uye kuomesa pamusoro pemakore, sedimentary matombo anoumbwa.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve sedimentology uye ayo maitiro.