El Uyuni Munyu Flat irenje rinoshamisa uye rakakura remunyu riri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweBolivia, mudunhu rePotosí. Ichi chishamiso chechisikigo ndiyo yakakura munyu flat pasi rose, inofukidza anenge 10,000 square kilometers. Iyo ine zvakare yakakura kwazvo pasi rose lithium reserve. Zviuru zvevashanyi vanoenda kune izvi kutaura mukati megore.
Muchikamu chino tichakuudza nezve hunhu hweSalar de Uyuni, kukosha kwayo uye curiosities.
Mhando huru
Inowanikwa muBolivian altiplano, muAndes. Inoonekwa seimwe ye25 Natural Wonders of the Earth. Ndiro gwenga guru remunyu panyika nenzvimbo ye10.500 square kilometers.
Iwo mafurati emunyu anoumbwa neakasiyana makomisheni, semuenzaniso: ane akawanda e potassium, boron uye magnesium, uye anewo matura makuru e lithium. Nzvimbo dzemunyu dzine matani anopfuura mamirioni gumi emunyu, ayo 25.000 matani anowanikwa mukati nekunze kushandiswa.
Sezvo matura emunyu wakawanda, vagari vakatanga kuvaka nzvimbo dzenharaunda dzavo nemunyu waipiwa neUyuni. Yakave zvakare imwe yemakuru erithium reserves munyika.
Mafurati emunyu ane nhamba huru yemadziva ekare. Iine nzvimbo ye60 square kilometers, Lake Colorado inoumbwa nealgae uye ine ruvara rwakasiyana rwakatsvuka.
Dhamu iri ndimo mune maflamingo, llamas, uye makava. Cougars uye makondo ane mhanza haawanzoonekwa. Mvura iyi iri muEduardo Avaroa Andean Fauna National Reserve.
Mapani makuru emunyu anogara achifema, achigadzira matombo ane makona ane makona akanyatsoita, anoonekwa mumwaka kubva muna Kubvumbi kusvika kutanga kwaZvita. Vamwe vanotenda kuti nyika iri kuramba ichichinja kana kuoma.
Pakupera kwemwaka wekunaya kwemvura (Kukadzi-Kurume), mafurati emunyu anoshandurwa kuita girazi nekuda kwemineral inonzi Ulexite, "dombo reterevhizheni". Iri pachena uye inokwanisa kukanganisa mifananidzo yepamusoro.
Munyu unova usingapindiki, zvichiita kuti mvura iungane pamusoro, kugadzira girazi rakasiyana. Kuona kubuda kwezuva muzviratidzo zvakakura zvakagadzirwa nemafurati emunyu chiitiko chisingarondedzereki icho mufambi wese anofanira kuva nacho.
Makuva echitima akabviswa akayangarara kubva muzana ramakore rechi XNUMX pakati peUyuni. Ngoro dzine ngura nezvitima zvakawanikwa zvakapararira pasi pechando cheBolivian altiplano.
Zvitsuwa zveSalar de Uyuni
incahuasi island
Chitsuwa chiri pakati pemafurati emunyu, chitsuwa chakafukidzwa necacti kusvika 10 metres kureba. Zita rako rinoreva: "Imba yevaInca" mumutauro weQuechua. Kune nzira inoenda kuchitsuwa saka imwe kona yekuona gungwa nedenga izvo zvinopa munyu.
chitsuwa chehove
Iri kumaodzanyemba kwemafurati emunyu, ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo dzakanakisa dzekuona kubuda kwezuva mumafurati emunyu, akakomberedzwa necacti. Kana vagari vachiona chitsuwa mumwaka waNdira naKukadzi, ivo vanoti zvinotora chimiro chehove nekuda kweiyo optical effect yakagadzirwa nemagirazi.
The Train Cemetery yava nzvimbo izere nenyaya uye ndangariro dzekare, uko vashanyi vanogona kuona matongo ezvitima zvakapambwa kare.
Zvido zveSalar de Uyuni
Aya ndiwo makuru ekuda kuziva ayo zviuru zvevashanyi vanosarudza kushanyira gore rega rega:
- The Great Mirror: Munguva yekunaya kwemvura, mvura isina kudzika inovhara nzvimbo ine munyu inoita chionioni chinonyatsoratidza denga nemakore. Chiitiko chemaziso ichi chinoita kuti pave nefungidziro yekuti denga harina kujeka, zvichipa kunzwa kuti uri kufamba nemakore.
- Dzikama kure kure: Kukura kwemunyu wakafuratira uye nzvimbo yayo yakati sandara inoita kuti maonero avhiringike. Zvinhu zviri kure zvinogona kuoneka zviri padyo kupfuura zvazviri, zvichikanganisa maonero enzvimbo uye chinhambwe.
- Salt Hotel: MuSalar de Uyuni, kune hotera yakavakwa zvakanyanya nemabhuroki emunyu. Iyi nzvimbo inopa yakasarudzika chiitiko kune vashanyi vanoda kurara mumakamuri akagadzirwa nemunyu uye kunakidzwa neyakasiyana mamiriro enzvimbo.
- Zvirimwa munyu: Munguva yekusanaya kwemvura, vagari veko vanoshanda kunhonga munyu kubva musalari. Vanoshandisa nzira dzechinyakare kuchera pamwe nekuunganidza mirwi yemunyu inozogadziriswa kuti ishandiswe mumaindasitiri nemudzimba.
- A Strategic resource: Sezvandambotaura kare, furati yemunyu ndiyo inonyanya kukosha ye lithium, chinhu chinokosha mu lithiamu-ion mabhatiri anoshandiswa mumagetsi emagetsi uye motokari dzemagetsi. Kukura kuri kudiwa kwelithium muindasitiri yemazuva ano kwakapa dunhu iri kunyanya kukosha.
- Incahuasi Island: Ichi chitsuwa chine matombo chiri pakati pemunyu, kuwedzera kune giant cacti, ine zvisaririra uye zvakasara zvekuchera matongo. Zita rayo rinobva kumazwi eQuechua "Inca" uye "huasi", zvinoreva "imba yeInca".
- Zvinoonekwa Zvinoitika: Vafambi vanowanzotora mukana weiyo optical illusions inopiwa nemunyu flat kugadzira mafaro uye ekugadzira mafoto. Nekuda kwekushaikwa kwereferenzi mapoinzi, zvinokwanisika kutamba nemaonero uye hukuru hwezvinhu zviri mumifananidzo.
lithium reserves
Iyo Salar de Uyuni ine yakakura kwazvo lithium reserves munyika uye ine mukana wekugadzira 20% ye lithium inowanikwa yekutengeserana.
Izvi zvinoreva mukana wakakura wehupfumi kuBolivia, migodhi yelithium uye kugadzira uye mapurojekiti ekutengesa anokosha mamirioni emadhora. Chirevo chechangobva kuitika kubva kuSRK Mining Consulting chinoratidza kuti Salar de Uyuni chete ine 21 mamiriyoni ematani e lithium.
Kune nyanzvi, chinhu chakasvibirira chinogona kuita kuti simba rekushandura kubva kumafuta rigoneke, kureva kuti, lithiamu inzvimbo isingadzokerike yezvisikwa ine simba rekushandura hupfumi "girinhi". Lithium inoshandiswa mumagetsi motors, lithium mabhatiri, malaptop makomputa, smartphones, uye mabhatiri anochajwa.
Nekudaro, kudhirowa kwayo hakusi nyore uye kune yakakwira mutengo wezvakatipoteredza. Vacheri vanobvisa lithiamu nekupomba mvura inoramba iri pasi pemafurati emunyu, uye kana zuva richikwanisa kuibvisa, iyo lithium carbonate inounganidzwa.
Zvino, kana basa racho rapera, mvura inobva mugomba inooma, uye makambani emigodhi anofanira kuchera mvura yakachena kuchenesa michina nemapombi. Iyo nzira inoburitsawo post-enzymes, rudzi rwefetireza.
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mvura yakachena ishoma munzvimbo dzerenje, iyo inobata vagari vepedyo, maruva nemhuka, uye kurima. Mune mamwe mazwi, kana lithium reserves yakanyanyisa-kushandiswa, kunwa mvura yevanhu iri panjodzi.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve Salar de Uyuni uye maitiro ayo.