Tinoziva kuti pasi redu rakazara nezvishuwo uye nzvimbo dzisingagoneki. Imwe yenzvimbo dzinokwevera zvakanyanya kune masayendisiti ndeye sahara desert eye. Inzvimbo iri pakati pegwenga inoonekwa kubva muchadenga muchimiro cheziso.
Muchinyorwa chino tichakuudza zvese zvinozivikanwa nezve ziso regwenga reSahara, kwaro uye maitiro.
Ziso remugwenga reSahara
Inozivikanwa pasi rese se "Ziso reSahara" kana "Ziso reNzombe", chimiro cheRichat inzvimbo inoshamisa yenzvimbo inowanikwa mugwenga reSahara pedyo neguta reUdane, Mauritania, Africa. Kuti ujekese, chimiro che "ziso" chinogona kungodiwa zvakakwana kubva munzvimbo.
Chimiro che50-kilomita-dhayamita, chakagadzirwa nemitsara yakaita denderedzwa, chakawanikwa muzhizha ra1965 nevazivi venyeredzi veNASA James McDivit naEdward White panguva yerwendo rwemuchadenga rwunodaidzwa kuti Gemini 4.
Kwakabva Ziso reSahara hakuna chokwadi. Pfungwa yekutanga yakaratidza kuti yaive nekuda kwekukanganisa kwemeteorite, iyo yaizotsanangura chimiro chayo chedenderedzwa. Nekudaro, tsvakiridzo ichangoburwa inoratidza kuti inogona kunge iri symmetrical chimiro che anticlinal dome inoumbwa nekukukurwa kwemamiriyoni emakore.
Ziso reSahara rakasiyana nenyika nekuti riri pakati pegwenga pasina chakaritenderedza.Pakati peziso pane matombo eProterozoic (kubva pamabhiriyoni 2.500 kusvika kumakore mamiriyoni 542 apfuura). Kunze kwechimiro, matombo anotangira panguva yeOrdovician (kutanga makore angangoita mamiriyoni 485 apfuura uye kupera makore mamiriyoni 444 apfuura).
Maumbirwo madiki ari munzvimbo iri kure, nepo maumbirwo ekare ari pakati pedome. Mudunhu rese mune akati wandei marudzi ematombo akadai sevolcanic rhyolite, igneous rock, carbonatite uye kimberlite.
Kwakabva ziso kubva kugwenga reSahara
Ziso reSahara rinotarisa zvakananga muchadenga. Iyo ine dhayamita ingangoita 50.000 metres uye geographer uye nyanzvi dzenyeredzi vanobvumirana kuti "chinoshamisa" geological kuumbwa. Mamwe masayendisiti anotenda kuti yakaumbwa mushure mekudhumhana kwegiant asteroid. Zvisinei, vamwe vanodavira kuti kune chokuita nokukukurwa kwedome nemhepo.
Iri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweMauritania, kumagumo ekumadokero kweAfrica, chinonyatsoshamisa ndechekuti ine madenderedzwa ari mukati. Parizvino, izvi ndizvo zvinozivikanwa nezve crustal anomalies.
Kutenderedzwa kweZiso reSahara kune runyerekupe rwekucherekedza musara weguta rakarasika rekare. Vamwe, vakavimbika kudzidziso yokurangana, vanotsinhira kuti chikamu chechimiro chikuru chekunze kwenyika. Mukushaikwa kwehumbowo hwakaoma, fungidziro dzese idzi dzinodzoserwa kunzvimbo yekufungidzira kwepseudoscientific.
Zvechokwadi, zita repamutemo reiyi landform ndi "Richat Structure". Kuvepo kwayo kwakanyorwa kubvira kuma1960, apo NASA Gemini expedition vazivi venyeredzi vakaishandisa senzvimbo yekunongedza. Panguva iyoyo, yaive ichiri kufungidzirwa kuve chigadzirwa chehofori yeasteroid impact.
Nhasi, zvakadaro, tine rumwe ruzivo: "Chimiro che denderedzwa che geological chinotendwa kuti chakakonzerwa nedome yakasimudzwa (inotsanangurwa nenyanzvi dze geologist se anticline yakavharidzirwa) iyo yakanyura, ichifumura maumbirwo ematombo akadzikama," yakanyora imwecheteyo agency. Sediment sampling munzvimbo iyi inoratidza kuti yakaumbwa makore 542 miriyoni apfuura. Maererano ne IFL Science, izvi zvaizozviisa munguva yeLate Proterozoic, apo nzira inonzi kupeta yakaitika umo "tectonic forces yakamanikidza sedimentary rock." Saka symmetrical anticline yakaumbwa, ichiita kuti ive yakatenderera.
Ko mavara ezvivakwa anobva kupi?
Ziso reSahara rakadzidzwa zvakanyanya nemapazi akasiyana esainzi. Muchokwadi, chidzidzo che2014 chakaburitswa muAfrican Journal yeGeoscience chakaratidza izvozvo iyo Richat Structure haisi chigadzirwa cheplate tectonics. Pane kudaro, vatsvakurudzi vanotenda kuti dome yakasimudzwa nekuvapo kwedombo rakanyungudutswa regomo rinoputika.
Masayendisiti anotsanangura kuti risati ranyura, zvindori zvinogona kuonekwa pamusoro nhasi zvakaumbwa. Nekuda kwezera redenderedzwa, rinogona kunge raive chibereko chekuparara kwePangea: iyo supercontinent yakatungamira mukugovaniswa kweNyika.
Kana ari maitiro emavara anogona kuonekwa pamusoro pechimiro, vatsvakurudzi vanobvumirana kuti izvi zvine chokuita nemhando yedombo rakasimuka kubva mukukukurwa. Pakati pavo, yakanaka-grained rhyolite uye coarse-grained gabbro inomira kunze, iyo yakave yakagadziriswa hydrothermal. Naizvozvo, Ziso reSahara harina "iris" yakabatana.
Nei yakabatana neguta rakarasika reAtlantis?
Ichi chitsuwa chengano chinooneka muzvinyorwa zvemuzivi wechiGiriki ane mukurumbira Plato uye chinorondedzerwa sesimba rehondo risingayereki rakavapo zviuru zvemakore pamberi pokuvapo kwaSolon, mupi wemitemo weAtene, maererano nouyu muzivi Solon ndiye manyuko enhau.
Tichifunga zvakanyorwa naPlato panyaya iyi, hazvishamisi kuti vazhinji vanotenda kuti "ziso" iri rinobva kune imwe nyika uye inogona kunge iine chekuita nekupera kwemamiriyoni eAtlanteans. Chimwe chezvikonzero nei ziso risati raonekwa kwenguva yakareba ndechekuti iri mune imwe yenzvimbo dzisina kunaka paNyika.
Sezvo epic uye zvinoshamisa sekutsanangura kwaPlato nezveAtlantis, vazhinji vanotenda kuti aingokwenya pamusoro. Plato akatsanangura Atlantis sematenderedzwa akakura anotenderera pakati penyika nemvura, akafanana ne "Ziso reSahara" ratiri kuona nhasi. Iyi ingadai yakave yakapfuma yeutopian budiriro yakateya nheyo dzemuenzaniso weAtene wedemocracy, nzanga yakapfuma mugoridhe, sirivheri, mhangura, uye mamwe masimbi anokosha nematombo anokosha.
Mutungamiriri wavo, atlantis, angadai ari mutungamiri mune zvedzidzo, zvivakwa, zvekurima, zvemichina, zvakasiyana-siyana uye simba remweya, simba rake remugungwa nerehondo rakanga risingaenzaniswi mune izvi zvinhu, kutonga kweAtlantis Kings nechiremera chakanyanya.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve ziso regwenga reSahara uye maitiro aro.