Munhu anoenderera mberi nerwendo rwake kuti aenderere mberi nekuongorora denga. Muchiitiko ichi, roketi rekutanga reSpanish richatangwa ndiro miura 1. Ichatangwa kubva kuCádiz uye chinangwa chikuru ndechekushanda sesatellite yekufonerana nekutsvaga kwesainzi.
Muchikamu chino tichakuudza zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezve Miura 1, maitiro ayo, kuvaka uye zvimwe zvakawanda.
Chii chinonzi Miura 1
Ndiyo chete roketi yakavakwa muSpain yekutakura nzvimbo, uye ichaita kuti Spain ive imwe yenyika shoma dzinokwanisa kuburitsa masatellite madiki muchadenga, yakakosha kuzvikamu zvakakosha sezvekufonerana, kudzivirira kana tsvakiridzo yesainzi.
Ichi chirongwa chisina kumboitika pachiyero cheEurope chakagadzirwa nePLD Space, kambani yeSpanish ine mabviro muElche. Mutungamiriri mukuru, Ezequiel Sánchez, akasimbisa muhurukuro yaakataura kuti kambani iyi yakazvarwa kubva "kurota kwevavambi vayo vaviri, Raúl Torres naRaúl Verdú, chiono chekukwanisa kupa madiki madiki kumujaho wenzvimbo yakazvimirira. ." .
Kuti iite izvi, kambani yakapa mari chirongwa chemakore gumi nerimwe chakavabvumira kuti vaise mudziyo wekutanga wekubhururuka pane yekutanga padhi nhasi: «Nzira yekusvika kuno yanga yakaoma zvikuru, uye tiri kuramba tichisangana nematambudziko akawanda. ", anodaro.
Akasimbisa kuti neMiura 1 uye chikuva chekutanga, Spain "inoratidza hutungamiriri hwayo hwetekinoroji muEurope, ichipa hunyanzvi hunotibvumira kutungamira chikamu chehunyanzvi chemasetelliti madiki. Izvi zvinofanirwa kuve zvakakosha munyika. "
Miura 1, Spanish rocket
Chiitiko chekutanga ndicho chikamu chekupedzisira chechirongwa cheMiura uye chinosanganisira bvunzo dzekukwira ndege uye bvunzo dzemidziyo yepasi dzakarongwa neINTA sedare rinodzora.
Zvose izvi zvichaitika mune hangar yekambani muEl Arenosillo, uko kugadzirisa uye kugadzirira rocket kuchaitwa zvakare. Propellant load uye pressure tests ichaitwawo.
Mushure mekutarisa nhanho dzese idzi, Miura 1 inoenda kune yekubvisa pad. Ikoko bvunzo dzakanyanya kukosha dzichaitwa: kutanga "wet test". Iyi ndiyo yakazara propellant load bvunzo inosanganisira ese matanho ekutanga kupfura injini, inoteverwa neyekupedzisira bvunzo kana 'hot test'. Iyo static ignition bvunzo umo injini yeroketi ichapisa kwemasekonzi mashanu. Kubudirira kweiyi simulation kunopa kuenda-kumberi kwekutanga kwe suborbital microlauncher.
Ichaburitswa riini?
Mikana mina yekubhururuka yakapararira pakati paApril naMay. Kuti inyatso kuburitsa roketi muchadenga, zvaive zvakafanira, kune rimwe divi, kuti Miura 1 pachayo yakanga yapasa bvunzo dzese uye yakagadzirira nehunyanzvi, uye kune rimwe divi, yaida mamiriro ekunze akanaka: pamusoro pemhepo dziri pasi pe20 km/h, makungwa akadzikama uye pasina madutu anogona kuitika pedyo.
Kambani yakayambira kuti chirongwa chekutanga chinotora maawa angangoita gumi, panguva iyo timu yehunyanzvi inofanirwa kuona kuti zvese zvakarongeka. Kana zvinhu zvishoma zvine njodzi zvikaonekwa, mashandiro ezuva racho anozomiswa uye hwindo rinotevera rekubhururuka rinotanga kubva pakutanga.
Basa rekutanga richasanganisira kukwira kwemakiromita angangoita 150. Iine hurefu hwemamita gumi nemaviri uye mubhadharo we12 kilogiramu, Miura inokwanisa kushandiswazve microlauncher muchimiro cheFalcon roketi yekambani yespaceflight SpaceX yehofori Elon Musk.
Nyika pfumbamwe chete pasi rose dzine hunyanzvi hwekutengesa uye hwehurumende munzvimbo, uye Spain inogona kuve nyika yegumi kubatana nePLDSpace.
basa guru
Roketi yeMiura 1 yakaita kutiza kwayo kubva padanho rekutanga paMédano del Loro mauto ekupfura. PLD yakapedza bvunzo dzekutanga pazvivako zveINTA muCedea del Arenosillo, uye nhume dzakabva kuGermany Center for Applied Technology and Microgravity (ZARM) yeYunivhesiti yeBremen yakaongorora motokari yacho kuti ive nechokwadi chezvose. Sezvo kambani pachayo yakazivisa, yasvika muEl Arenosillo kutanga kushanda pamwe chete parwendo rwekutanga umo muchava nebasa rinokosha.
Miura 1 ichaita yekutanga kubhururuka kwesutu yeZARM sensors nechinangwa chekusimbisa mamwe matekinoroji akagadzirwa nesangano resainzi kuindasitiri yemuchadenga mumamiriro emicrogravity. Sezvakatsanangurwa nemutevedzeri wemutungamiri wePLD, Pablo Gallego, basa rakabatanidzwa rinosanganisira "kubatanidza mutoro wemutengi nemimwe mitoro yapfuura." Thorben Konemann, injinjiniya mukuru weZARM, akatsanangura kuti kuyedza kwekutanga kuchazivisa gadziriro dze "yedzo yeanotevera suborbital ndege." Nezviyero izvi, "tichagadzirira ndege itsva mune ramangwana."
PLD Space ine "hwindo rekubhururuka" rakasiyana rakapihwa neSpain Ministry of Defense. Mukuwedzera kune kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo, kutanga kwaive "zvichienderana nekuwanikwa kweroketi pachayo uye mamiriro ekunze", sezvo mhepo yepasi pasi pemakiromita makumi maviri neawa yaidiwa, "mhepo yakadzikama yakakwirira uye pasina dutu rinogona kuitika pedyo," kambani yakati.
roketi yechipiri
Zvichakadaro, chikwata chePLD cheSpace Engineering chiri kushanda pakugadzirwa kwekupedzisira kwemotokari yayo inotenderera, Miura 5. Pfungwa iyi ndeyokushandisa zvayakadzidza kuMiura 1, iyo inogona kutanga kubva kuKourou, French Guiana, muna 2024. Rocket yechipiri. yakareba mamita 34,4 uye inokwanisa kusimudza anenge makirogiramu 540 kuenda pasi pasi orbit. PLD Space yakagamuchira anopfuura mamirioni makumi matanhatu emaeuro ekudyara kufambisira mberi mapurojekiti ayo muchikamu chemuchadenga, uye vanotarisira kuwana mari inosvika zana nemakumi mashanu emamiriyoni emadhora pagore.
Zvirongwa zvayo zvekutanga zvechimbichimbi zvinouya sezvo nyika dzeEurope dzinobvumirana kuwedzera kwe17 muzana mukushandiswa kwemuchadenga, sezvavakaita Gunyana apfuura. kubata mamwe masimba makuru seUnited States neChina.
Sezvauri kuona, Spain zvakare iri kujoinha nzvimbo yekutsvaga nekuchinja tekinoroji. Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve Miura 1 uye maficha ayo.