Kusanaya kwemvura chiitiko chechisikigo chinosanganisira kuderera kwemvura iri pasi pevhareji (inova yakajairika munzvimbo) uye nekudaro, kuderera kwemidziyo yemvura inowanikwa, mumadziva nemumvura. Spain yakatarisana, ichipera 2017, nekusanaya kwakanyanya mukati memakore makumi maviri apfuura.
Chii chingaitwe neSpain kumisa iyi mamiriro?
Kusanaya kwakanyanya
Kushaikwa kwemvura kuri kudzikisa huwandu hwemadziva emabheseni ekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva uye, zvakare zvinotyisa, iwo ari kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero. Nhanho dzakatenderedza 30%, kukosha kusati kwamboonekwa kubvira 1990.
Mvura inosungwa, tisingaverenge iyo yemvura yekupedzisira, iri makumi maviri mapoinzi pazasi pevhareji yemakore gumi apfuura. Mamiriro ekunze eSpain anga aripo uye acharamba achioma, nekusanaya kwemvura kwemamwe kana mashoma makore 3-4. Zvisinei, kusanaya kwemvura uku ndiko kwakanyanya mukati memakore anopfuura makumi maviri.
Aya mamiriro ekushaikwa kwemvura anova akapfava mumabheseni akadai seiyo Miño-Sil, Segura, Júcar, Guadalquivir uye kunyanya muDuero, neinenge 30% isingasviki makore gumi apfuura.
Zvichipa mamiriro enzvimbo yeSpain uye chimiro chenyika, kusanaya kwakajairika. Naizvozvo, 75% yenzvimbo yeSpain inogona kusangana negwenga. Munguva ya1991-1995 kwaive kwatove nechikamu chekusanaya kwemvura chakafanana neichi chine tsika dzakaderera kudaro.
Kusanaya uku kwakakonzerwa nemvura yekunaya yakaderera muna2014 na2016, umo kwakanaya 6% pazasi pevhareji. Uye zvakare, matsime ane mvura shoma uye masaiti ekupa kune veruzhinji anorasikirwa ingangoita 25% yemvura.
Kune izvi zvese zvinhu isu tinofanirwa kuwedzera kuwedzera kwekushanya munzvimbo dzese dzeSpanish, ivo vawedzera nzvimbo dzekurima dzekudiridzira uye, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwetembiricha tembiricha, saizvozvowo huwandu hwekupwa kwemvura.
Gore rakawoma
Iri hydrological gore rakapera munaGumiguru wegore rino rave rakawoma zvakanyanya mukati. Nzvimbo dzakasvibirira dzeSpain dzakaita seGalicia, kuchamhembe kweCastilla y León, chikamu chikuru cheAsturias neCantabria chakatamburawo nekuderera kwakanyanya kwemvura.
Idzo nzvimbo dzakaomesesa dzegore pasina mubvunzo dzave Extremadura, Andalusia neCanaries. Munharaunda idzi kunaya kwemvura haina kudarika 75% yeyakajairika kukosha, zvichiita kuti rive gore rechisere nemvura isina kunaya zvakanyanya kubvira 1981.
Kubva zvakatanga gore idzva remvura (2017-2018), mamiriro akangoipa. Paavhareji data yemakumi mashanu emarita pamamirimita mita akaunganidzwa kubva muna Gumiguru kusvika Mbudzi, chete makumi matanhatu nematatu chete akaunganidzwa.
Pashure pokusanaya kwemvura
Mumadziva mazhinji muSpain misha yakabuda yaive pasi pemvura nekuda kwenzvimbo yakadzika yemvura. Aya maguta vakanyudzwa kubva muma60, panguva yekusikwa kwemazhinji emadhamu eSpanish. Mamwe emataundi aya nezvivakwa ndiyo kereke yekare yeSanta Eugenia de Cenera de Zalima muAguilar de Campoo dura (Palencia) uye guta rekare reMansilla muLa Rioja.
Rimwe rematambudziko makuru anokonzerwa nekusanaya muhuwandu hwevanhu idambudziko rekuwanikwa. Kuchekwa kwemvura kwakakosha kuti ukwanise kuchengetedza zviwanikwa zvemvura kwenguva yakareba sezvazvinogona. Hurumende inoona kuti basa repamusoro soro riri kuitwa kudzivirira kudzivirira mvura. Zvisinei, kana izvi zvikaenderera, vamwe vanhu vanozove nezvinetso nekuwaniswa kwemvura.
Sezvauri kuona, kushandisa kwakanaka kushandiswa kwemvura ndeimwe yemisimboti yakakosha yenyika inoramba ichitambura nekusanaya kwemvura. Kurasikirwa makumi maviri neshanu muzana muwebhu yekupa zvese idongo ratisingakwanise kubvumidza. Kuti udzivise iyi mamiriro, huwandu hwevanhu hunofanirwa kudzidziswa kuti vashandise zvakanyanya zveichi chakakosha uye chisipo.