Fog imhando yemeteorological phenomenon inomuka munzvimbo dzine mwando wakanyanya. Musiyano uripo pakati pemakore atinoona mudenga nemhute ndewekuti zvinoitika pasi. Kune akasiyana mhando dzemhute maererano nemagadzirirwo avo uye maitiro.
Muchinyorwa chino tichakutaurira nezvemhando dzakasiyana dzemhute dziripo, maitiro avo uye magadzirirwo.
kuvapo kwemhute
Kuonekwa kwemhute pane imwe nzvimbo nenguva kunoratidza kuti mhute yemvura iri mumhepo yasvika pakuzara. Musiyano chete pakati pemakore uye mhute yatinoona pane imwe urefu mudenga ndeyekuti iyo yekupedzisira iri pamwero wepamusoro penyika. (special case of the clouds of the genus Stratus). Muzviitiko zvese izvi, isu tine hydrometeor, iyo inosanganisira kumiswa kwediki, kazhinji madiki, madonhwe emvura. Nehunyanzvi, kana kuoneka kwakachinjika kuri pasi pekiromita, tinotaura nezvemhute.
Kune akasiyana emamiriro ezvinhu apo mhute inogona kugadzirwa, asi ese anouya pasi kune maviri makuru ekugadzira masisitimu: kutonhora uye evaporation. Muchiitiko chekutanga, kana kutonhora kuchidonha kusvika kune dova, chikamu chinoshanduka kubva kune gasi kusvika kune mvura chinoitika uye madonhwe emhute anotanga kuumba, pamutengo we condensation yemhute yemvura munzvimbo. Radiation fog kana irradiance fog uye advection fog ese ari maviri anotonhodza mhute, kunyangwe iwo ese ane awo ega uye maumbirwo munzvimbo dzakasiyana.
Mhando dzemhute
Iyo mhute yakajairika inoumba mumipata uye mapani emukati mepeninsula, kunyanya mumwedzi yechando, imhute inopenya. Kutonhodza kwehusiku pedyo nepasi, uko mhepo yakadzikama mumhepo yakagadzikana, inoita kuti mhute idzi dzigadzire mabhanga akakura, uye pasi pemamiriro akanyanya kunaka (yaimbozara nehunyoro uye tembiricha yakaderera kana yakaderera, 0 kusvika 5 ºC) kunyanya kugara. Makore aya akamira, kusiyana neadvection fog, iyo inogadzirwa kana yakawanda yemhepo inodziya, yakanyorova ichitsvedza pamusoro pegungwa rinotonhora kana pasi. Muchiitiko ichi, iwo akajairwa mhute yepamhenderekedzo yegungwa isingateveri kutenderera kwemasikati-husiku uye inogona kuputika chero nguva yegore uye chero nguva yemwaka.
Mano evaporation anogadzirawo mhute yegungwa, semhute yakawanda yeadvection, asi muchiitiko ichi mhute inoumba apo mhute yemvura inobva panzvimbo yegungwa inodziya ichisangana nemhepo inotonhorera pamusoro payo. mhute iyi inowanikwa mugungwa repolar uye inozivikanwa se "arctic smoke". evaporation zvakare inzira yakakosha mukuumbwa kwehumwe hwemberi. Nzvimbo dzinodziya dzimwe nguva dzinonaya uye, mumashoko akareruka, zvakajairika kuziva zviitiko zvese, pasina kusiyanisa pakati pemvura, madonhwe emvura uye mhute.
Muchokwadi, hapana musiyano wakawanda pakati pemhando mbiri dzemeteor (kudonha nemhute) sezvo madonhwe emvura edu akati kurei zvishoma pane zvakajairika mune yekupedzisira. Pasi pemazita ekuchema mhute, meona kana chorreras, mhute idzo dzine hunyoro uye dziri pasi pekunaya kwemvura dzinozivikanwa.
Mazita akapihwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana
Kune gumi nemaviri -pamwe zana- muSpain raishandiswa kureva nharaunda yemhute kana mhute. Kune rimwe divi, kune akasiyana eiyi mbiri yematemu, senge nebra, niebria, nebría, niubrina kana makore. Mazwi akaita se borrina, borrín kana burriana akashandiswa kureva nyika yeAsturian. Isu tinowana zvakare izwi rekupedzisira rine gurriana fomu, uye Cantabrian musiyano (guarrina), uko kunozivikanwa kudonha kwakasanganiswa nemhute.
Pakati pemazita anoshamisa emhute, kune rumwe rutivi tine taró (kana tarol). Vachibva kuFenikiya, paCosta del Sol neCampo de Gibraltar, vanodana chimiro ichi kuti mhute yegungwa inopfuurira inowanzoitika muzhizha nekutanga kwematsutso yakatenderedza Strait yeGibraltar, dzimwe nguva ichipararira nemuGungwa reAlberan. kubva kuAfrica. Mhepo yakaoma kubva kumaodzanyemba, iyo yakakwanisa kubudisa mvura yakawanda kubva mugungwa. Midziyo inoyambuka gwara rinofanirwa kunge iine zviratidzo zvinonzwika kudzivirira kubonderana.
Rimwe izwi rimwechete ndiro dorondón. Vanorishandisa muAragon kureva a mhute yakakora kwazvo uye inotonhora, inotonhora muzviitiko zvakawanda. Iyo yekupedzisira inoitika pane tembiricha iri pasi pe0 ºC. (nzvimbo inotonhora yemvura), apo madonhwe anoumba fog supercool (in a phase transition state inonzi subfusion), saka paanorova chero chinhu, semapango, fenzi, miti kana makwenzi anobva aoma nechando pakarepo, achiita chando. , uye akatumidza hoafrost. Mhedzisiro inzvimbo chena inoyeuchidza kudonha kwechando, kana nzvimbo inokonzera chando chakanyanya.
Tinopedzisa ongororo yedu pfupi yemazita emhute nemamwe mazwi, akadai se macazón, anoshandiswa mukati muCantabria kureva mhute yakaderera, yakavharika, asi iyo inongotora zvishoma (raibhurari yemhute), boira, iyo yakagadziridzwa boirón ( Serrablo mudunhu, muAlto Aragón) uye boirina yake, muCatalonia, vanoishandisa kuona mhute, uye pakupedzisira bufo kana kuti bufa, iyo inotora zita rayo kubva kumakomo akaderera emhute anokwira kubva mumupata, achisundwa nemhepo yemasikati.
Mamwe marudzi emhute
Kubuditsa fog
Mhute inoumba kana mweya wakanyorova ukapfuura pamusoro penzvimbo inotonhorera ndeye advection fog. Kudzikira kwepamusoro tembiricha kunotungamirira kune yakaderera tembiricha mumhepo mhepo yakawanda. Izvi zvinowedzera hunyoro hwayo uye zvinoita kuti mhute yemvura iri mumhepo iite kugwamba.
evaporation mhute
Evaporation fog, kana kuti cold advection fog, inoumbwa nekufamba kwemhepo inotonhorera, yakagadzikana pamusoro pemvura inodziya zvakanyanya. Sezvo imwe yemvura inopisa inoputika, mweya unotonhora uri pamusoro unozara, uye mhute yemvura inomonereka kuita mweya unotonhora. Izvi zvinogadzira izvo zvinozivikanwa se mhute, gungwa resmog kana arctic sea smog.
mhute yegomo
Imwe mhando yemhute imhute yemugomo, nekuti pasi pegore pakadzika kupfuura pamusoro pegomo.
mhute yepamberi
Hute hwemberi hunovapo kana mvura ichibva kumhepo inodziya yowira pamhepo inotonhora, yakagadzikana. Kana mhepo yakareruka, kubuda kwemadonhwe emvura kunogona kunyudza mhepo pedyo nepasi, zvichiita mhute.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezvemhando dzakasiyana dzehute uye maitiro avo.