Masatellite anotenderera pasirese achinja zvachose maonero atinoita nyika. Kutenda kwavari tinowana ruzivo rwakakura nezvepasi redu, pamwe nemamiriro ekunze, tembiricha yemhando uye zvimwe zvakawanda. Vanhu vakawanda vanoshamisika mangani masatellite ari mu orbit panguva imwe chete
Muchikamu chino tichakuudza kuti mangani ma satellite ari mu orbit izvozvi, akakosha sei uye nezvimwe zvakawanda.
Mangani masetelliti ari mu orbit
The Union of Conscious Scientists inofungidzira izvozvo Parizvino kune anopfuura zviuru zvishanu nemazana mana nemakumi matanhatu nemashanu masetelliti ari mugwara rePasi. Kana tichitaura nezvekufungidzira, hazvigoneke kuti tirege kutaura SpaceX. Iyi kambani yemuchadenga, inotungamirwa naElon Musk, inogara ichitangisa avhareji yesetiraiti imwe pamwedzi sechikamu chechinangwa chayo cheStarlink, icho chinoda kupa kuvharika kweInternet pasi rose. Parizvino, SpaceX yakabudirira kuendesa mazana matanhatu masetelliti muPasi orbit uye tinogona kutarisira kuti nhamba iyi irambe ichikura zvakanyanya mune ramangwana.
Ichitevera tsoka dzeSpaceX, Amazon yakazivisa kupinda kwayo mumujaho wesetiraiti weInternet nechirongwa chayo cheKuiper. Ichi chirongwa chinogovera chinangwa chimwe chete neiyo Starlink chirongwa. Kuzadzisa chinangwa ichi, Jeff Bezos inoronga kuendesa zvinoshamisa 3.000 satellites mu orbit. Chinangwa ndechekupa kuvharika kwepasirese, netarisiro yakakosha kune nzvimbo dzisina kubatana kweInternet parizvino.
Euroconsult, kambani inotungamira yekubvunzurudza, yakaburitsa chirevo chinoratidza kuwedzera kukuru kwekutangwa kwesatellite. Vanofanotaura izvozvo Anosvika chiuru nemazana manomwe masetelliti achavhurwa gore negore kusvika 1.700. Uku kuwedzera kwekutumirwa kwesatellite kunogona kuverengerwa nekufambira mberi mune tekinoroji, izvo zvakabvumira kune madiki asi ane simba uye anoshanda zvakasiyana siyana. Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvingaita sebudiriro yakanaka, nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinoratidza kushushikana pamusoro penjodzi dzinogona kuitika dzine chekuita nenhamba iri kukura yemasatellite anotenderera Pasi.
Kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji mumasatelliti
Sezvo satellites inoderera muhukuru, kuvaka kwavo uye kutanga kwavo kunowedzera kuitika. Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvingaita sezvakanaka, chikonzero chokuitira hanya pakati pedzimwe nyanzvi. Vakuru vakuru vemauto emuchadenga akati wandei vakasimudza aramu pamusoro penjodzi dziri pedyo dzekudhumhana kwesetiraiti muEarth orbit. Kunyange zvazvo nzvimbo ingaita seisina muganhu, kutenderera kwepasi redu hakuna. Ngozi yekudhumhana kwesatellite inoisa mungozi zvinhu zvakakosha zvebudiriro yevanhu, kusanganisira kutonga kwekufamba, manejimendi emuchadenga, kufanotaura kwenjodzi yezvakatipoteredza, uye kuchengetedzwa kwemuchadenga mukati meInternational Space Station. Mhedzisiro inogona kuitika inopfuurira kunze kwenzvimbo dzemadiplomacy, zvematongerwo enyika uye zvemari uye zvinogona kutungamira kune njodzi.
Kubudirira manejimendi emasatellite ari mu orbit chinhu chakakosha chisingagoni kufuratirwa. Iko kunetseka pamusoro pekukonana kwesetiraiti uye kuwedzera kuwanda kwemarara emuchadenga kunoda kuongorora hurukuro yazvino yakatenderedza mafambisirwo emuchadenga. Nyaya iyi yave yakakosha kuhurumende dzese, kunyanya iyo yeUnited States neDhipatimendi reDziviriro. Nekudaro, kuwedzera kwenhamba yemasatelliti anotenderera Pasi kwakashandura kutenderera kwemuchadenga kuita nyaya inotambanukira kunze kwehurumende nemasangano ekudzivirira, uye ikozvino inosanganisirawo zvekutengeserana. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo yakambotangwa nzira yenyaya iyi inofanirwa kuongororwa zvakare uye kugadziridzwa zvinoenderana.
Zvimedu zvema satellite ari mu orbit
Parizvino, kana tichitaura nezvekuvapo kwemasatelliti akatenderedza Pasi, isu tinofunga chete huwandu hweanoshanda setiraiti mu orbit. Zvakadaro, zvakakosha kuti tizive kuvepo kwemasatelliti akawanda asingashande kana akarasika anofamba chinyararire kutenderera kwePasi. Uyezve, Hatifanire kufuratira kusazvibata kweInternational Space Station uye inoremekedzwa Hubble Space Telescope. Munzvimbo yakakura yechadenga, masara emaroketi anoshandiswa panguva yekuvhurwa, pamwe nemidziyo yakasiyana-siyana yakasiiwa nevazivi vemuchadenga, inoramba ichiyangarara zvakasununguka.
Zvakakosha kuziva mamirioni ezvinhu zvidiki, senge pendi machipisi uye zvidimbu zvepurasitiki, izvo zvinounza dambudziko rakakura maererano nekutevera. Ongororo dzakasiyana siyana dzakaitwa neEuropean Space Agency (ESA) dzakafungidzira izvozvo Kune zvinosvika 170.699.000 zvinhu zvemuchadenga zvakakura kupfuura masendimita gumi.. Zvinhu izvi zvine mukana wekukonzeresa kukuvadzwa kwakanyanya kune spacecraft, iyo International Space Station, kana kutokonzeresa kudhumhana uye kupatsanuka kwemasetelliti makuru.
Nepo kukanganisa kwemarara emuchadenga kungasave kwakaipisisa sekweasteroid, comet kana meteorite, mhedzisiro yacho ingangove iine njodzi. Muenzaniso unozivikanwa wekudhumhana kwesetiraiti wakaitika muna 2009, unosanganisira isingashande yeRussia satellite Cosmos 2251 uye inoshanda setiraiti Iridium 33, iyo yakashanda mudunhu reSiberia. Kudhumhana uku kwakakonzera kuburitswa kukuru kwemarara mumativi epamusoro nepasi.
Mari inoshandiswa nekuda kwekudhumhana pakati pemasatellite
Mabhuku akati wandei eOrganisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) akapa yambiro yakajeka pamusoro penjodzi dzenyama, dzemari nedzemagariro dzine chekuita nenjodzi yemuchadenga, kunyanya dambudziko riri kuramba richikura remarara emuchadenga. Sekureva kweOECD mishumo, kudhumhana kwemasetellite makuru kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kunosvika mazana emamiriyoni emadhora, pasina kukanganwa ngozi yainoparira mamishini emuchadenga anodhura mamiriyoni.
Mishumo iyi inoratidzawo mutengo wakakura wekugadzirisa nyaya yemarara emuchadenga, asi inosimbisa kuti mhedzisiro yekuregeredza kusvibiswa kwemhepo inotonyanya kukosha. Sezvakaita shanduko ipi neipi, tinofanira kutanga zvino kugamuchira mari inobatanidzwa. Zvinoita sekuti inguva ye Kutumirwa kwemarara zvisina tsarukano muchadenga kuri kusvika kumagumo uye isu tiri kuenda kune imwe nzira yemamiriro ekunze.
Izvo zvakakosha kugadzirisa nyika dzakaita anti-satellite bvunzo mumakore achangopfuura. Imwe bvunzo yakadai yakaitwa neRussia yakagamuchira kushoropodzwa kwakasimba kubva kuhurumende dzeUS neUK. Kunyange zvichikosha kujekesa kutenderera kwePasi kwemarara esatellite, hazvifanirwe kuitwa unilaterally. Kuchengetedzeka kwezviitwa zvese zvemuchadenga zvino kunoenderana nekubviswa kwemarara emuchadenga nekudzivirira kudhumhana. Nekuwedzera kwenhamba yemasatelliti nemidziyo inozadza mhepo yePasi, zvatove Yave nguva yekumisa sangano repasi rose rakazvimirira rinokwanisa kupa mhinduro dzinoshanda uye zvine mutsindo zvesainzi kuderedza njodzi dzinounzwa nehuwandu hwemasatelliti ari kutenderera pasirese redu.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve mangani masatellite ari mu orbit uye kukosha kwawo.