Sezvatinoziva, mune zvemamiriro ekunze mhando dzakasiyana dzemakore dzinoshandiswa kuziva kumwe kufungidzira kwemamiriro ekunze nekuda kwenguva. Mhando yega yega yegore ine chiratidzo chayo uye sosi yekuumbwa. Rimwe ramakore akaumbwa zvinoshamisa ndee mammatus makore. Ivo ndeimwe isinganzwisisike mhando yemafomati egore ayo asingasiye chero asina hanya. Ivo vaviri amateurs uye mameteorologist zvakafanana vanoteerera uye vanotora mifananidzo yezvisingaite mafomati ane mammatus makore ane.
Naizvozvo, isu tichaisa iyi chinyorwa kukuudza nezve mabviro, hunhu uye fungidziro yemammatus makore.
Mhando huru
Mune ino kesi harisi iro mhando yegore, asi ayo anokwanisa maficha anonyanya kukosha. Kune vanhu vazhinji vanoshamiswa nekushamisika uye kunoyevedza maficha emakore aya. Ivo vaviri amateurs uye nyanzvi dzemamiriro ekunze vane hanya zvakanyanya nerudzi urwu rwemakore anotarisisa mammoth ayo dzimwe nguva anoonekwa mudenga. Imwe yemienzaniso inonyanya kuzivikanwa yemammatus makore ndeyeyemeteorological mufananidzo uyo wakatorwa muNebraska neNASA mushure mekufamba kwedutu muna2004. Mufananidzo uyu unova mumwe weanomiririra chiratidzo cherudzi urwu rwemakore.
Kurongeka kwazvino kunounganidzwa muatlasi yegore ine genera gumi, zvisikwa gumi nezvina nemarudzi gumi nemapfumbamwe mukuwedzera pakuratidza maficha ekuwedzera ndiwo mammatus makore. Uye ndeyekuti haisi iyo mhando yegore asi inzira yekuburitsa hwaro hwemhando dzakawanda mumhando imwe chete. Ese mhando dzakabatanidzwa ndedzinotevera: cumulonimbus, altocumulus, altoestratus, cirrus, cirrocumulus, uye stratocumulus. Dzese dzinogona kutora chimiro chakasarudzika chinosanganisira kuturika semasaga mahombe kana madiki anorembera kubva kudenga. Vazhinji vanozvibatanidza nemazamu emhuka dzinoyamwisa, saka izita racho.
Mamiriro akaita mammatus makore
Ngatione kuti ndeupi rudzi rwekuumbwa kune aya marudzi akasiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze emuchadenga. Pane dzakawanda nguva, ivo vanowoneka munzvimbo dzakasara dzedutu rakakura, izvo zvinoreva kuti ivo vari kufamba vachienda kure nekucherekedza muchikamu chake chinonyanya kushanda. Mazhinji enzvimbo dzinoenderana nemazamu anogona kuonekwa mukati memakore ekuvandudza. Kazhinji aya makore anosvika pakureba kwakakura kwakamira neyakajairika chimiro chakaumbwa.
Icho chiri munzvimbo dziri kure kwazvo kubva kuchikamu chinoshanda chegore, inova iyo ine dzakasimba kumusoro mafungu, ayo ekudzika emhepo mafungu anowanzoonekwa. Ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero nei ichi ichikonzera kuumbwa kwemazamu aya anoshamisa uye hunhu hwekuumbwa kwegore iri.
Pakati penzvimbo yese tine makore asinganzwisisike ane mafomati asinganetsi uye anotyisa mune dzakawanda zviitiko. Mamammatus makore ane mapundu asingagumi ayo anogadzirwa nekuda kwe kune kubonderana kweakasimba akamira ekudzikisira pasi mhepo. Haasi makore ayo pachawo anogona kuumbika uye kuve akasiyana akasarudzika mhando, asi asi iwo anogona kuumbwa kubva kumakore ataurwa pamusoro. Pese panenge paine downdraft inoipwanya ichipesana nekuumbwa kwayo kwechisikigo, iyo yepasi nzvimbo inozokonzeresa mukirasi yemapundu kana mazamu ayo anopa iri rinoshamisira gore kuumba zita raro.
Imwe yemhando dzakanakisa uye dzinotyisa dzinoitika kana downdraft yagadzirwa mune yepakati cumulonimbus gore. Makore aya anowanzo kuumbwa sechivharo uye ndiwo anogadzira mammatus anoshamisa. Uye ndezvekuti kubva pasi pegore ivo vanotanga kuturika mapundu anoyevedza akakodzera kuonekwa.
Mamiriro ezvinhu ezvemamiriro ekunze emammatus makore
Tiri kuenda kunoona kuti ndeapi mamiriro ezvinhu ezvakatipoteredza achave ekugadzirwa kwemammatus makore. Yeakanyanya echinyakare mavambo kubva convective mhando. Makore ese anoumba kana mweya unodziya usinganyanyi kurema pane unotonhorera mweya unowanzokwira. Mhepo iyi inomuka sekunge yaive mhepo yemhepo ichibva mumvura. Nechikonzero ichi, mweya unopisa uyo unoremerwa nemhute yemvura unoguma uchidonha paunomhanyira mune mamwe mativi emhepo inotonhora uye tembiricha inoderera kumusoro. Aya ndiwo maratidziro ainoita kuumba madonhwe madiki ayo anoendesa simba rekupisa kunzvimbo yakapoteredzwa nekuda kwekupisa kwekudzivirira uko kunokonzera kuti huremo hunyanye kutonyanya kana kuita kwekukwira pakukwirira kuchipfuurira.
Huturu hunoburitswa panguva yekugunzva hwakanyatsofanana neizvo zuva raifanira kuisa kuitira kuti ribude kubva mune iro donhwe remvura. Izvi zvinozivikanwa sekupisa kwekupedzisira kwemvura. Chiitiko chinokatyamadza chakakosha uye chinokonzera kukwira kwemajeti emhepo kuti asvike kumhanya kweanopfuura makiromita zana paawa., inosvika pakukwira kune troposphere kune anopfuura makiromita gumi nemashanu pakukwirira. Kana paine mhepo yakasimba yakatwasuka pakukwirira kwemakiromita mashanu kana gumi, gore rinoita kusvikira rarova jeti remhepo inotonhorera iyo inowira yakatenderedza gore kuumbika, zvichikonzera chimiro chakafanana chegore cumulonimbus.
Mamammatus haashoma uye anoshamisa. Dzimwe nguva dzinoitika mushure mekuumbwa kwenzvimbo dzakasimba dzemuchadenga, senge pazasi pemacumulonimbus makore. Kunyangwe zvichityisa, hazvikuvadzi.
Tsanangudzo uye mashura
Chikamu chegore chakarongeka chinogona kuve chakakura kwazvo zvichienderana nenzvimbo inokwira mhepo. Munzvimbo dziri kure nekuvandudzwa kwakasimba, mweya unozadzwa nehunyoro uye unotanga kuburuka pamwe chete nemakristani madiki anotakurwa nehurema hwemhepo. Kubva pano tinowana kuumbwa kwemazamu. Bhuru rega rega riri kuratidza imwe yeiyi mweya inoburuka pazasi pegore.
Kana zviri zvemashiripiti, kuvepo kwemakore aya hakuratidze kunaya kwemvura kana kumwe kuchinja kukuru mumamiriro ekunze. Chiitiko ichi chinokwezva uye chinoshamisa kunyanya pakuvira kwezuva apo zuva rakatsvuka rinovhenekera nekusiyanisa makakombama ese emabump.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve mammatus makore uye maitiro avo.