El Kola zvakanaka yakacherwa pakati pa1970 na1989 pakadzika inopfuura 12.000 XNUMX metres. Ndiyo imwe yegomba rakadzika-rakagadzirwa nevanhu rakambonyorwa uye riri paKola Peninsula muPechensky District yeyaimbova Soviet Union.
Muchikamu chino tichakuudza zvose zvaunoda kuziva pamusoro peKola zvakanaka uye maitiro ayo.
Mhando huru
Nehupamhi hwemasendimita makumi maviri nenhatu uye hudzamu hunosvika 23 metres, ndiyo yaive mafuta akadzika kwazvo ati ambonyorwa kusvika yapfuudzwa muna 12.262 ne. iyo Al Shaheen tsime muQatar (12.289 metres). Gare gare, muna 2011, kuchera kutsva kwakava kwakadzika - tsime reOdoptu OP-11, riri pedyo nechitsuwa cheRussia cheSakhalin, pamamita 12.345. Tsime reKola rakacherwa panguva yenhangemutange yehunyanzvi pakati pemasimba makuru maviri (United States neSoviet Union) aikwikwidza muCold War.
Chinangwa chechirongwa ichi ndechekupinda mukati mepasi kuti vadzidze maitiro ayo. Kunyangwe iro gomba repamusoro-soro richingori chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chehurefu hwedunhu, rinopa vaongorori hupfumi hwedata.
Muchokwadi, tsime iri harina kucherwa kamwe chete, asi raive nematsime akati wandei akaiswa pamusoro perimwe rapfuura. Iyo yakadzika, inonzi SG-3, inongova masendimita mashoma mudhayamita, asi kuvonga kwaari tinoziva zvakawanda pamusoro pekuumbwa kwevhu.
Tsime reKola ravewo nyaya yengano dzakawanda dzemudhorobha, iro rinonyanyozivikanwa nderekuti rakacherwa zvakadzika zvekuti rakavhura musuwo weGehena netsaona. Sezvo nyaya yacho ichienda, boka rakagadzira yakanyatsonyorwa inzwi risinganzwisisiki rakabuda mumhere yeropa uye rakanga richitiza gomba.
Ngano yemudhorobha yakazopfurwa pasi uye zvakaonekwa kuti manzwi acho akatorwa murwiyo rwemufirimu we "Bloody Rave". Zvisinei, kunyange nhasi, vazhinji vanotenda kuti Kola Well yakasvika pamagedhi eGehena.
Chii chakawanikwa mutsime reKola?
Kunyangwe masayendisiti eSoviet asina kumbobvira azadzisa zvinangwa zvavo, chokwadi ndechekuti kusikwa kwegomba iri (rakadzika kwazvo paPasi panguva iyoyo) kwakabatsira kuita zvakati wandei zvakakosha zvakawanikwa zvine chekuita nehunhu nekushanda kwePasi.
Somuenzaniso, kusati kwachera, kwaidavirwa kuti kwaiva negori guru regranite nebasalt anenge makiromita manomwe; izvi zvakava zvisiri izvo. Kutaura zvazviri, vatsvakurudzi vakasimbisa kuti kwaingova nematombo akaputsika, ane porous munzvimbo iyi, uye kuti makomba akanga akazara nemvura, izvo zvakashamisa nyanzvi panguva iyoyo.
Pamusoro peizvi, humbowo hwemapuranga emapuranga akawanikwa pakadzika makiromita matanhatu uye yakawanda yehydrogen gasi yakawanikwa.
tsime rakadzika zvakadii?
Kuvakwa kweKola Well hakuna kuitwa mutsara, asi mumatanho. Muna 1989, pakupera kwechikamu cheSG-3, nzvimbo yakadzika yakasvika mamita 12.262. Iyo rekodhi yakamira kusvika 2008, apo tsime muQatar rakasvika 12.289 metres.
Zvisinei, nzvimbo dzose dzegomba hadzina kudzika kwakafanana. Muchikamu chekunze, hupamhi hukuru zvikuru kupfuura iyo inogona kuwanikwa muchikamu chakadzika. Izvi zvinodaro tekinoroji yakashandiswa kuita kuchera, iyo inogadzirwa uchishandisa michina midiki iri munzvimbo yakachinjika.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, tsime reKola rinongoita masendimita makumi maviri nematatu pakudzika kwaro pakadzika kwazvo, sezvo zvigadziro zvekuchera zvakajairika hazvigone kushanda pakadzika kudaro. Neiyi nzira, boka rinokosha raifanira kugadzirwa kuti rikunde mamwe ezvinetso zvounyanzvi izvo maSoviet akasangana nazvo.
Kune rumwe rutivi, kunyange nhasi kuchine makomba maviri akadzika kupfuura Tsime reKola, chokwadi ndechokuti kuchiri kuchera kukurusa kwati kwamboitwa kana tikafunga nezveurefu hwepakutanga pakatanga kuvaka. nyika. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mamwe maviri anotangira padanho regungwa, saka kazhinji haana kukwira kudaro.
Ngano yeGehena pasi peKola tsime
Asi havasi vese vanofarira Kola vanozviita nekuda kwehukuru hwayo hwesainzi nehunyanzvi. Kwemakumi anoverengeka emakore apfuura, imwe ngano yemumaguta yakatenderera kuti kuchera kwakadzika zvakanyanya zvekuti kwakavhura masuwo egehena, kuuraya vashandi vakati wandei, uye kuburitsa huipi hukuru panyika.
Ngano dzomumaguta dzakatanga kutenderera munenge muna 1997. Maererano nenyaya yacho, boka revainjiniya, rinotungamirirwa nomumwe “Mr. Azakov" akatanga kuchera panzvimbo isingazivikanwi muSiberia uye akakwanisa kusvika a kudzika kwemakiromita 14,4 tisati tawana rudzi rwebako repasi pevhu.
Vashamiswa nezvavakawana zvisinganzwisisike, vatsvakurudzi vakasarudza kutora maikorofoni, iyo yakanyatsogadzirirwa kumira kutonhora kwakanyanya. Nyangwe tsime raifanirwa kuchengetwa patembiricha ye1.000º C, timu yakakwanisa kurekodha kuchema uye kuchema, izvo, maererano nengano, zvaizobva kune vakatongerwa uye vakatambudzwa. Vakawana gehena.
Masayendisiti akawanda akagutsikana kuti akanga awana chimwe chinhu chine ngozi zvikuru uye akabva angoenda. Zvisinei, vaya vakarara usiku ihwohwo vakatova nechishamiso chakatokura. Maawa mashomanana gare gare, jeti remagetsi uye gasi rechisikigo rinonzi rakapfura richibuda mutsime; vaivapo vaigona kuona chimuremwaremwa chaiva nemapapiro achibuda paari.
Ngano iyi inogumisa kuti kuvapo kwemadhimoni kwakakonzera mheremhere zvokuti misoro yeavo vaivapo yakarasika, uye vamwe vavo vakafa. Kuvhara chiitiko, KGB yakatumira boka rezvokurapa kuti ripe masayendisiti mishonga chaiyo yokudzima ndangariro dzavo dzenguva pfupi. Naizvozvo, kuyedza kuchaitwa kudzima ndangariro dzese dzezvakaitika, uye tsime richaramba rakavharwa zvachose kusvika nhasi.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve Kola zvakanaka uye maitiro ayo.