La kambasi Rose Chiratidzo chakashandiswa kubva kare kumiririra makadhinari mapoinzi uye mirau pakambasi. Mucherechedzo uyu wakaumbwa nedenderedzwa mukati mune nyeredzi ine nhongonya sere inomiririra mapoinzi mana (kuchamhembe, maodzanyemba, kumabvazuva nekumadokero) nenzvimbo dzepakati (kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva, kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva nekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero). Kubva panguva yekare yave yakakosha zvikuru pakufamba.
Muchikamu chino tichakuudza kuti mhepo yakasimuka chii, maitiro ayo, kukosha uye zvimwe zvakawanda.
Mhando huru
Compass rose yaishandiswa sechombo chekufambisa munguva dzekare, kunyanya mukufamba kwemugungwa. Vafambisi vezvikepe vakaishandisa kuti vazvinange uye kuona kwaienda mhepo, iyo zvaivabvumira kuronga nzira uye kuchengetedza nzira yaidiwa.
Pamusoro pekushandisa kwayo kunoshanda, mhepo yakasimuka yakawanawo chirevo chekufananidzira. Yaionekwa sechiratidzo chedziviriro uye rombo rakanaka kuvafambisi vezvikepe, sezvo yaivabatsira kuwana nzira yavo nomumakungwa ndokudzokera zvakakotsekana kuchiteshi chengarava.
Nhasi, Compass rose ichiri kushandiswa mukufambisa uye yave chinhu chakakurumbira chekushongedza pamepu., makambasi uye zvimwe zvinhu zvine chekuita nekuongorora uye kushanya. Dhizaini yayo inoyevedza uye nhoroondo yakapfuma inoita kuti ive chiratidzo chinozivikanwa pasi rese uye inomiririra inomiririra yegwara uye gwara.
Dzimwe nhoroondo
Iko kudiwa kwekunangisa chaiko kwamuka zvakanyanya mumamiriro ekufambisa. Panyika, nzvimbo dzakaita semakomo kana nzizi dzinoshanda semicherechedzo inobatsira yekutarisa. Zvisinei, kana zvasvika kune nzvimbo huru yegungwa, mamakisi aya haapo zvakanyanya. Izvi zvakaita kuti vafambisi vezvikepe vaomerwe nenzendo dzenzendo refu, sezvo vaifanira kuona kwaienda mhepo kuti varonge kwavaienda.
Imwe neimwe yemhepo yaivepo yaive nezita rayo rakasiyana, uye mafambiro emakosi adzo akatangwa zvichienderana nekwakabva. Nenzira yokuenzanisira, vaGiriki vaiti mhepo yaibva Kuchamhembe seAparctias, nepo vaHispanic vaiti Tramontano, uye vaRoma vaiitumidza kuti Septentrio.
Mhepo yekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero yakanzi Thrascias nevaGiriki nevaRoma, uye Cierzo nevaHispanics. Kumiririra nzira dzakasiyana dzemhepo, chiratidzo chine mapoinzi akawanda chakasikwa, icho inofanana nemaruva erozi. Ichi chiratidzo chinowanzozivikanwa semhepo yakasimuka.
Muna 1375, mhepo yakasimuka yakaitwa pachena kekutanga pamepu yenyika yakagadzirwa naMajorcan Jew Abraham Cresques. Iyi kambasi yakasimuka yaiva nemazita emhepo sere huru dzeMediterranean uye 32 nzira. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Pliny Mukuru akanga atopa nhoroondo yeizvi muBhuku II reNatural History yake, inotangira mugore ra74 AD.
Compass yakasimuka uye kadhidhi mapoinzi
Nhungamiro ina dzakakosha mundiro yedenga renyika dzinozivikanwa se cardinal points. Kana tikamira pakati pekabani hombe tikaongorora zvakatipoteredza, tinenge takatarisa ndege yemuchadenga, mutsetse unoparadzanisa denga kubva pasi. Uyezve, denga rinogona kutariswa neziso rakashama riri pakati penzvimbo yegungwa.
Makadhi mapoinzi akakosha pakufamba, sezvo kune nzira ina huru dzinogona kutorwa: kuchamhembe, kumaodzanyemba, kumabvazuva, uye kumadokero. Nhungamiro yega yega inotungamira kunzvimbo yekufungidzira pamhene inozivikanwa se cardinal point.
Nzvimbo inoenderana neEarth's magnetic pole, uye nekudaro inokwezva tsono yekambasi, inowanzozivikanwa seNorth. Pane kudaro, nzvimbo iri mhiri inonzi South. Kana wakatarisa kuchamhembe, nzvimbo iri kurudyi yakanzi kumabvazuva, nepo iri kuruboshwe yakanzi kumadokero.
Kuti tiratidze kwatiri kunanga kune mumwe munhu, tinoda poindi yepfungwa papfungwa ina dzinokosha. Nzvimbo iyi inotaridzwa iEarth's magnetic North, iyo iri pedyo neNorth Pole. Magnetic North inogadzira simba remagineti rinokwezva tsono ine magineti.
Nzira yekuzvifambisa sei nemhepo yakasimuka
Iyo huru cardinal point iNorth, iyo inoshanda sereferensi kune mamwe matatu mapoinzi emakadhi. Nekunangisa kwairi, tinogona kuona zviri nyore mamwe mafambiro. Maodzanyemba iri kune rumwe rutivi, shure kwedu, nepo Mabvazuva iri kudivi redu rorudyi uye Kumadokero kuruboshwe kwedu.
Kushaya kambasi izvozvo inogona kusarudza kutungamira kwemakadhiinari mapoinzi, Zuva rinogona kushanda segwara. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti Zuva rinobuda kuMabvazuva ronyura kuMadokero.
Kuti uzvitungamirire mumakadhinari, chiito chiri nyore chichakwana. Vhura maoko ako muchimiro chemuchinjikwa, uchitambanudza ruoko rwako rwerudyi kwakananga panobuda Zuva uye ruoko rwako rwekuruboshwe rwakananga kwarinonyura. Izvi zvichaisa pamberi penyu kumusoro, nezasi shure kwenyu, kumabvazuva kurudyi rwenyu, nokumavirazuva kuruboshwe rwenyu.
Nzira 32 dzinoratidzwa nemhepo yakasimuka dzinotangwa kutanga iyo 4 makadhiina mapoinzi uye kuenderera mberi nekuwedzera mamwe mafambiro. Nzvimbo yenzira idzi inogonawo kuonekwa nekucherechedza nzira yenyeredzi dzakasiyana-siyana dziri mudenga. Kupatsanura denderedzwa rekambasi kwakasimuka kuita 360 madhigirii kunoita kuti zvive nyore kuseta chero musoro.
Chii ichochi?
Mhepo yakasimuka chishandiso chinozadzisa mabasa makuru maviri: kutibatsira kuziva kwatinogara muchadenga uye kumisa kwainoenda, kana nzira, inofambirana nendege yepanyika. Ichi chishandiso chiripo mumamepu ese emakatuni uye Inoshanda kuratidza kadhinari kutungamira kuMaodzanyemba maererano nekurongeka kwemepu.
Compass rose inoshanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvinangwa, kubva pakubatsira kufamba kusvika pakuona nzvimbo chaiyo yechivako chiri pasi. Pakutanga, mhepo yakasimuka yakanga ine chinangwa chaicho: kubatsira mukugadza makosi ekufambisa kwevafambisi vegungwa pagungwa rakashama. Ichi chishandiso chekufambisa chinozivikanwawo senautical rose.
Nekuuya kwekambasi nekubatanidzwa kwayo nemhepo yakasimuka system, kufamba kwakava nyore uye kwakanyatsojeka. Sezvo tekinoroji yave kufambira mberi, radar, masatellite, uye michina yeGPS zvakatsiva kudiwa kwemhepo yakasimuka.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve mhepo yakasimuka uye kubatsira kwayo.