Munyika yesainzi, mibairo inopihwa kune avo vesaenzi vanoita mupiro mukuru kufambira mberi muzvidzidzo munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Kune vanhu avo, kunyangwe vakaita nhamburiko huru yekuvandudza uye nekupa zvakawanda kune vesaenzi nzanga, havana kupihwa mubairo sezvavanofanira. Iyi ndiyo nyaya yeBritish Jocelyn Bell Burnell. Kune vazhinji vanofunga kuti, mukati nekunze kwenzanga yesainzi, aifanira kunge akapihwa Nobel Prize muna 1974.
Sei sainzi Jocelyn Bell Burnell achifanira kupihwa mubairo? Tsvaga mune ino posvo.
Jocelyn bhero burnell
Iye musayendisiti akadzidza uye akafambira mberi zvakanyanya nekuwanikwa kwepulsars. Muzvinafundo uyu akakokwa kuYunivhesiti yeOxford uye akasarudzwa semuhwina mubairo muboka reFundamental Physics. Mubairo uyu wakapawo huwandu hwemari yakatenderedza mamirioni matatu emadhora. Nekudaro, uyu nyanzvi yekuongorora nyeredzi anga asina chinangwa chekuchengeta iyo mari. Asi iwe uchapa mari iyi kuti ubhadhare vakadzi, vadzidzi vevapoteri uye nharaunda dzedzinza diki kuitira kuti vagogona kuve vaongorori vesainzi, kunyanya mumunda wefizikisi.
Biography
Aingova nemakore gumi nemaviri ekuberekwa, anga achitoda kudzidza fizikisi uye kuzvipira kwaari. Izvi zvaisagona kuitwa pakati pema12 sevakadzi vasina kuita zvinhu izvi kuNorthern Ireland. Kune vakadzi ungangodzidza mabasa akadai sekubika nekushongedza. Mukadzi uyu aiverenga raibhurari yese yesainzi yaive nababa vake uye akakwanisa kuti mukuru wechikoro chake amugamuchire kufizikiki pamwe nevamwe vasikana vaviri. Mu semester yekutanga chete, anga atove akanakisa mukirasi yese.
Kunyangwe paine chokwadi chekuti angave akave nematambudziko akakwana kufambira mberi muzvidzidzo zvepanyama, ndiye aive iye ega mukadzi muYunivhesiti yeGlasgow. Pese paanotora nhanho kuburitsa chidimbu chebasa, vazhinji vevakomana vaimuvhiringidza nemiridzo nemhere. Kana nekuda kweizvi zvichemo akaridza tsamwa, maboos kwaari akanoramba achiwedzera. Kuti ndikwanise kubata nemamiriro ezvinhu aya, ndakadzidza kutonhora semazaya echando.
Makore gare gare akagamuchirwa kuCambridge. Paive nemumwe chete mumwe mudzidzi naye uye Jocelyn aive nekutya kuri kuenderera kwekurasikirwa nekunyoresa kwake. Munguva yemakore aaive kuyunivhesiti iyi akabatana neiyo redhiyo astronomy department. Iye Thesis Muzvinafundo aitsvaga chakajeka zvinhu zvinozivikanwa muchadenga zvinonzi quasars. Zvinhu izvi zvaifanirwa kutsvagirwa vachishandisa masaisai eredhiyo. Jocelyn bhero burnell vakapinda mukuvakwa kweteresikopu yaive yekuona zvinhu izvi uye aive achitarisira kuongorora iyo data yakawanikwa.
Akaramba achishanda kwenguva yakareba kusvika nguva pfupi yapfuura chiratidzo chechipiri chakaonekwa. Gare gare vaive zvimwe zviratidzo. Pakupedzisira zvakaonekwa kuti vaive pulsars. Pulsar nyeredzi yenyuturoni uye yakatanga kuwanikwa naJocelyn Bell Burnell.
Kuwanikwa kwaJocelyn Bell Burnell
Uku kuwanikwa Yakaburitswa muna 1968 apo Jocelyn aive nemakore makumi maviri nemana ekuberekwa uye akasaina nzvimbo yechipiri mune chinyorwa mumagazini Nature. Muhurukuro dzavakaita, vaingomubvunza nezvezvikomba zvaakange ave nazvo kana saizi yebhurugwa yaaive nayo. Pamwe izvi zvaive zvisina chekuita nezvese zvaakawana zvesainzi.
Kusingaonekwe kwakapihwa iyi fizikisi kwakasvika pakakwirira muna 1974 apo vakawana mapulsars vakapihwa Mubayiro weNobel muFizikiki - murume akange asiri pachinyorwa. Nhengo zhinji dzenzanga yesainzi iyi dzakashatirwa uye kunyara sezvo uyu musayendisiti asina kupihwa mbiri yekungova mukadzi.
Zvisinei, mukadzi uyu haana kusarudza kukanda mapfumo pasi, zvakapesana. Zita rake rakakanganikwa kwemakore mazhinji kusvika Akapihwa mubairo weSpecial Breaktrough Award. Ndiwo mubairo wakapihwa wakanakisa pasainzi yese. Anoti akaita runyararo nechakakanganwa chakaitwa kwaari uye akasarudza kurwira ega. Anga achiunganidza mari yekubatsira vechidiki vanoshuvira sainzi. Ndiyo nzira yake yekucherechedza kupera kwakaitika neNobel Prize iyoyo.
Scientist akafuratirwa zvachose
Vakadzi vagara vaine matambudziko kufambira mberi munyika yesainzi, pakati pevamwe. Neraki, zviri kuramba zvichizivikanwa kuti kune mapoka akasiyana pakati pevarume nevakadzi zvese muhutungamiriri uye mumapoka ekutsvaga. Izvi zvinoita kuti mapoka ekutsvagisa ave akasimba, anochinja uye abudirire.
Pakati pemapoka apo vakadzi vanomiririrwa zvishoma munhoroondo iri mufizikiki. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti vatanga kusanganisa vamiririri vemarudzi akasiyana uye zvinoshamisa kuti vadzidzi vevapoteri vanogona kubatsirwa. Uye ndizvozvo Kiredhiti kwaJocelyn Bell Burnell's pulsars zvakawanikwa zvakaenda kune vesaenzi Antony Hewish naMartin Ryle mugore 1974.
Semudzidzi wekutsvagisa, musayendisiti uyu aibatsirawo kuvaka teresikopu yeredhiyo, zvinova zvakatendera kuwanikwa kwenyaya itsva iyi yenyeredzi yavaidaidza kuti pulsars. Uyezve, ndiye iye akaona mukutanga kuongorora kweanoshamisa maredhiyo aya muna 1967. Kuti aite izvi zvakawanikwa, aifanira kugombedzera vadzidzisi vake nevatariri avo pakutanga vaisava nechokwadi nezvaakawana. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti zvaitendwa kuti izvi zviratidzo zvakagadzirwa nhevedzano yekukanganisa kana nemunhu iye pachake.
Gare gare zvakazoonekwa kuti hwaive rudzi rutsva rwenyeredzi dzavaidaidza kuti pulsars. Kunyangwe paine chokwadi chekuti zvakawanikwa zvakanyanya nekuda kwesainzi Jocelyn Bell Burnell, akaregeredzwa zvachose pakasvika pakumupa iye Mubayiro weNobel muSweden. Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga izvi seimwe yekusaruramisira kwakaipisisa kwakaitwa munhoroondo yevakakunda Mubayiro weNobel.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve fizikiki Jocelyn Bell Burnell.