James Webb Space Telescope

Kudzidza nezvechadenga mugadziriro yezuva kunofambira mberi zuva nezuva pamwero unokurumidza. Imwe yeazvino kufambira mberi kwesainzi ndiko kusikwa kwe james webb space telescope. James Webb iteresikopu yemuchadenga inoshanda mune inooneka, iri pedyo-infrared, uye yepakati-infrared light spectrum. Iine girazi rine dhayamita 6,6 metres uye ine zvikamu gumi nemasere ane hexagonal. Teresikopu yakagadziridzwa se infrared observatory.

Muchinyorwa chino tichakuudza zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezveJames Webb Space Telescope, maitiro ayo uye mipiro yayakaita kusainzi.

Mhando huru

Nekuda kwekuti mhepo yepanyika inotora mwaranzi ye infrared, kuti uione, teresikopu yakaita seJames Webb, iyo inogona kuona isina kuvhiringwa mu infrared, ndiwo materesikopu makuru uye akarurama kwazvo ati amboiswa muchadenga. Kune rimwe divi, rakagadzirirwa kuti rikwanise kuona zvinhu zvemuchadenga nemazvo chaizvo zvisati zvamboitika. Inokwanisa kufungidzira kuti sei ekutanga makwara enzou, kuzvarwa kwenyeredzi uye mamiriro ekunze eexoplanets, kuziva kana mamiriro ezvinhu ehupenyu achibvira.

Nekune rimwe divi, chinoita kuti teresikopu iyi ive yakakosha ndeyekuti, nekuda kwehukuru hwayo, kuti itumirwe muchadenga inofanirwa kukwanisa kupeta pamuromo weroketi. Kana yave muchadenga, kana yapetwa, inofanira kukwanisa kuvhura yega apo kuenda kubasa makiromita 1,5 miriyoni kubva paNyika. Pakati pezvinetso zvekuvandudza kwayo tekinoroji, inofanirwa kukwanisa kuzvitsaura kubva pakupisa uye nechiedza, uye kungoita kutonhora kana kusada simba.

Ndeupi rudzi rweteresikopu inonzi James Webb?

Iyo James Webb Space Telescope inoshanda mune infrared pazasi mwenje unooneka. Inokwanisa kupinza chiedza chisingaonekwe neziso remunhu, asi kana ikaonekwa nechiridzwa chakakodzera, inogona kubatsira kudzidza zvinhu zvinotonhora zvemuchadenga, zvakaita semapuraneti madiki.

Irwowo rudzi rwemwaranzi inogona kufamba nemu stardust, chimwe chinhu chisingagoni kuoneka nechiedza. Ichi chimiro chinoita kuti zvikwanise kudzidza zvinhu zvakaita se brown dwarfs uye protostars, anozvarwa kana angave akakomberedzwa ne stardust, izvo zvinoita kuti kuongorora kuve kwakaoma. Ukuwo, chiedza che infrared chakabatwa neteresikopu iyi chingava maungira ekutanga kuumbwa kwemapoka enyeredzi, muchimiro chechiedza chakarebeswa nekuwedzera kwechadenga, chichienda kutsvuku. Nechikonzero ichi, James Webb Space Telescope dzimwe nguva inonzi teresikopu inogona kufamba nekufamba kwenguva.

Iyo James Webb Space Telescope inofamba sei?

James Webb inofambirana neNyika, ichifamba-famba zuva, asi isingamire. Inotenderera nyeredzi yedu kamwe pagore, ellipse mwedzi mishanu yega yega, uye nekuda kwekapton visor yayo, magirazi ayo uye ma module emidziyo anoramba ari ega kubva kuchiedza chezuva uye kupisa nguva dzese. Iyo inokwevera yakaenzana poindi, iyo Lagrangian point 2, Iri makiromita mamiriyoni 1,5 kubva pasi redu, uko kunoda simba rakawedzerwa shoma kuti rifambe.

Uku kuchengetedza simba kunoibvumira kushandisa simba rainotapa kuburikidza nemagetsi ezuva kuti ishandise mirairo inotumirwa kwairi kubva kuPasi uye kutumira data yainocherekedza kupasi redu. Kutumira mirairo kubva kuPasi kuseta nzira dzekucherekedza kana mumwe munhu anoshandisa zviridzwa zvesainzi zvingada maminetsi makumi matatu kufamba makiromita 30 miriyoni pakati peteresikopu neredhiyo antenna inotumira nekugamuchira data yeCSIC CAB-INTA-CSIC.

Yakawanda sei iyo James Webb Space Telescope inodhura?

Maererano neNASA, "Mutengo wekuvaka, kuvhura uye kumhanyisa nzvimbo yekutarisa imadhora 8,8 bhiriyoni. Makore mashanu ekushanda achadhura mamiriyoni 860 emadhora, izvo zvinoshandura kumutengo unofungidzirwa wehupenyu hwe $ 9,66 bhiriyoni." Zvakadaro, zvakawedzerwawo kuti teresikopu haitarisirwe kungogumira kumakore mashanu ekushanda, asi inogona kuita sainzi yemhando yepamusoro ine zvinobatika zvakakwana kwemakore angangoita gumi.

Teresikopu yakakwanisa kutora chiedza chakatambanudzwa che infrared kubva kuzvinhu zviri kure se 13.500 bhiriyoni chiedza-makore, pakaumbwa mapoka enyeredzi ekutanga. Iyo James Webb iri paLagrangian point 2, iyo poindi yegiravhiti yakaenzana inopindirana nePasi.

telescope iyi inoshandiswa neSpace Telescope Science Institute muBaltimore, USA.Masayendisiti pasi akabata James Webb kuburikidza neredhiyo antennas muGoldstone (USA), Madrid neCanberra (Australia), zvichienderana nekuti ndeipi iri padyo neteresikopu, zvichienderana nenguva yezuva nenzvimbo yePasi. Teresikopu inogamuchira data kuburikidza neantenna yekutaurirana, uye kana yangopedza murairo (s) inotumirwa kwairi kubva kuSTScI, inotumirawo data yayo kubva ipapo.

Masayendisiti kubva kutenderera pasirese anogona kuendesa mapurojekiti avo ekutsvagisa kuti vawane data rekutsvagisa kwesainzi. Muchikamu chekutanga, timu yeSTScI yakaita mwedzi mishanu yekuongorora kwekutanga, ichiita kuti data iwanikwe kune chero nyanzvi uye nyanzvi yekuongorora nyeredzi. Zvadaro pane chikamu chenguva yakavimbiswa kune avo vanobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kweteresikopu, uye pakupedzisira nguva yekucherechedza yakavhurika kumapurojekiti atove kukwikwidza, ndiko kuti, avo vachapedza 80 muzana yenguva yavo vachiona Webb.

Aya mapurojekiti anofanirwa kuendeswa kusingazivikanwe uye pasina kutaurwa nezvebasa rekare kuitira kuti vagokwanisa kusarudzwa zvichibva pane zvavanogona uye pasina rusaruro rwekuti murume nemukadzi, nyika kana ruzivo rwedzidzo.

Ndiani akagadzira James Webb Space Telescope?

Muna 1988, maneja weNASA Riccardo Giaconi akaisa dambudziko rekuvaka teresikopu ine hunyanzvi hwaJames Webb asati atanga Hubble Space Telescope. Matambudziko ekuvaka teresikopu iyi, yekutanga Inotevera Generation Space Telescope, NGTS, yepfupi NGTS, zvakatanga kuratidzwa muna 1989 pamusangano wesainzi muUnited States.

Ichi hachisi kugadzirwa kwemunhu, asi kuedza kwechikwata, kuchinja sezvarinoshanduka uye kuunza kubatana kubva pasirese pasi peamburera yeEuropean Space Agency (ESA), Canadian Space Agency (CSA) uye mubatanidzwa wevadyidzani. indasitiri uye masayendisiti.

Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezveJames Webb Space Telescope uye maficha ayo.