Nhasi ticha taura nezverudzi rwe kusiyanisa iyo yakakosha pakuronga mhando yemamiriro ekunze mune imwe nharaunda. Zviri nezve iyo irradiance. Irradiance ndiyo huwandu hunoyera simba pachikamu chimwe nechimwe chezviitiko mwaranzi yezuva pane yakapihwa nzvimbo. Huwandu hwemwaranzi yezuva iyo inorova pamusoro inopimwa pamusoro penzvimbo yakatarwa nenguva.
Mune ino chinyorwa tichaenda kukuudza zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezve irradiance uye kukosha kwekumisa mhando dzemamiriro ekunze.
Mhando huru
Irradiance ndiko kukura kunotibatsira kuyera kuti mwaranzi yezuva inowira pane imwe nzvimbo uye panguva yeimwe nguva. Zvinozivikanwa kuti haazi ese mwaranzi yezuva inogadzirwa nezuva inosvika pasi redu. Irradiance yakaratidzwa mumayuniti emagetsi munzvimbo yega yega. Maitiro anowanzo taurwa mumawati pamamita mita. Kana tichitaura nezvezuva reruwadhi tinenge tichitaura pamusoro pehuwandu hweiyo irradiance iyo imwe nzvimbo inogamuchira pachikamu chenguva.
Semuenzaniso, tinogona kutaura kuti iradiadiance mune imwe nzvimbo iri 10 watts pamakiromita mita neawa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti huwandu uhu hwemwaranzi yezuva hunowira pane imwe mita mita imwe chete awa. Nenzira iyi, tinogona kuziva kuti mwaranzi yezuva yakawanda sei iyo imwe nzvimbo inogamuchira nekufamba kwenguva kuti titarise mhando yemamiriro ekunze akakunda mune imwe nharaunda.
Isu tinoziva kuti mwaranzi yezuva musiyano wakakosha wekukosha kwetembiricha munzvimbo. Kana nzvimbo ino ikagamuchira mwero wakakura wezuva, zvakajairika kuti ine tembiricha yakakwira. Pamusoro pezvo, hunhu uhu ndihwo hunomisikidza hutongi hwemhepo huripo uye zvimwe zvezviitiko zvemuchadenga zvinounza kunaya. Zuva ndiyo injini inokonzeresa zviitiko zvemuchadenga senge kunaya kwemvura kugadzirwa mu troposphere. Izuva mwaranzi unopisa chikamu chepamusoro, zvichikonzera mhepo yakatenderedza kupisa uye inowanzo simuka.
Munzvimbo panokwira mhepo, panogadzirwa mhando yemupengo uyo unofanirwa kuzadzwa nehumwe mhepo. Aya ndiwo marongero anoita hurumende dzemhepo. Musiyano uripo uripo pakati pekuwandisa kwemhepo, ndiko kukura kwemhepo. Uyezve, aya ndiwo mamiriro anobatsira mukugadzirwa kweanticyclones nemadutu.
Kwakatangira iradiadiance
Kubva pamaonero ehunyanzvi, mwaranzi yezuva pasi pevhu inzira yekuwedzera imwe nguva yenguva iyo mwaranzi inokanganisa nzvimbo yakasvinwa neyekupindirana kwemuchadenga. Iyo dhata iyo iyo yezuva irradiation inotipa isu pamusoro ichaenderana nenguva yegore, iyo latitude, mamiriro ekunze mune zvese uye nenguva yezuva ratiri isu.
Electromagnetic radiation inobva kuzuva. Isimba rinobva mukukanganiswa kwenyukireya kunoitika mukati mezuva. Iyi nyukireya yekuita maviri ehydrogen nuclei inosangana kuita helium nucleus. Panguva yemubatanidzwa wemaatomu, panoburitswa huwandu hwesimba, hunoburitswa nemwaranzi.
Izvo zvinofanirwa zvakare kutariswa kuti kupisa kwakakonzerwa nemabatiro aya ndiko kunokonzeresa kuti zuva riite hukuru hwakakura hwekupisa hunogadzira kupisa kunosvika pamusoro penyika. Tinofanira kuziva kuti nyika yedu iri mune inozivikanwa se "nzvimbo yekugara". Ndokunge, raive padhuze zvakakwana kuti zuva ratidziye, asi rakaringana kuti risatipise.
Kunze kwezuva kunenge 5500 degrees Celsius. Iyi nyeredzi inoburitsa yakawanda yemagetsi emagetsi mwaranzi munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzekureba uye kuwanda. Iyi radiation yemagetsi inosvika kubva kuultraviolet kuenda kune infrared, nedunhu rinoonekwa nevanhu vachidaidzwa kunzi muraraungu. Iyo mionzi yezuva mwaranzi ndiyo inobatanidza marefu ese evhu anopiwa nezuva, kunyangwe rimwe richionekwa kumunhu.
Mhando dze irradiance
Kune akatiwandei marudzi eiyo irradiance zvinoenderana nehunhu hwavo uye nekwavakabva. Tichaongorora imwe neimwe yadzo nhanho nhanho:
- Yese yezuva irradiation: icho chiero chinobatanidza ese wavelengths pachikamu chingakanganisa mamiriro ekumusoro epasi redu. Inowanzoyerwa zvakaringana kune zuva rinopinda mudenga.
- Tungamira zvakajairwa irradiance: ndiyo ino pima pasi penzvimbo. Kuti uite izvi, chinhu chinoshandiswa pamusoro pevhu chakaiswa zvakaringana kuzuva. Iyo yakazara yakananga irradiance ichave yakaenzana neyekunze kwepasi irradiance pamusoro pemuchadenga, kubvisa iyo yekudenga kurasikirwa nekuda kwekutorwa nekupararira kwechiedza nemhepo uye makore. Uku kurasikirwa kunogona kuwedzerwa kana kudzikiswa zvichienderana nenguva yezuva, latitude, gore rinovhara, hunyoro hwemukati, pakati pevamwe.
- Kuparadzanisa yakatwasuka irradiance: inozivikanwa zvakare nezita rekuti diffuse yedenga radiation. Iyi ndiyo radiation iyo radiation kubva muchiedza yakapararira kuburikidza nemuchadenga inosvika pamusoro penyika. Huwandu uhu hunogona kuyerwa pane yakatenderera pamusoro nemwaranzi inouya kubva kumatunhu ese mudenga. Dai mhepo yemuchadenga yainge isipo, paisazove nemhepo yakatenderera yakatenderera.
- Global yakatwasuka irradiance: Chekupedzisira, mhando iyi yemwenje ndiyo inoyera mwaranzi yezuva pane yakatenderera pamusoro penyika. Inoverengerwa sehuwandu hweiyo chaiyo iradiadiance uye inopararira yakatwasuka irradiance.
Yese tsika idzi dzakasimbiswa kuitira kuti uzive mamiriro ekunze enzvimbo yakati. Uye zvakare, inoshandiswa mune dzakawanda zvidzidzo zvekuvandudza uye kuvaka kwesimba rinowedzerwazve iro rinoshanda nezuva. Muenzaniso weiyi photovoltaic simba rezuva. Kuti uite kugona kwekuita kwe photovoltaic simba rezuva, zvinodikanwa kuti uzive huwandu hwemwenje yezuva iri kuzokanganisa kumeso kwedenga reimba gore rese. Uye zvakare, kukosha kwezvimwe zvinokosheswa senge gore rekufukidza, humidity uye hutongi hwemhepo, pakati pevamwe, zvichazodiwa.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve irradiance.