Zvinokwanisika kuti nzvimbo yaunogara inogona kunge ine hwema hwakaipa hunobva mumasiweji. Kunhuwa uku kunogadzirwa ne hydrogen sulfide. Inozivikanwa zvakare nezita rekuti sewer uye kazhinji inonhuwa kunge mazai akaora. Inogadzirwa mumidziyo yekuchenesa mvura yetsvina uye mumaseji system. Kazhinji inochetura zvakanyanya kuvanhu.
Naizvozvo, isu tichakumikidza chinyorwa ichi kuti tikuudze zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezve hydrogen sulfide, mavambo ayo uye maitiro.
Chii chinonzi hydrogen sulfide
Kana iwe ukawana kunyunyuta pamusoro pekunhuhwirira munharaunda yako, inogona kunge iri hydrogen sulfide kana iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa "sewer gas." Ukanhuwa mazai akaora pedyo kana kumba. kazhinji hydrogen sulfide (H2S). H2S inogadzirwa mumiti yekuchenesa tsvina uye masisitimu etsvina. Iyo inozivikanwawo se "sewage gas", ine chepfu kune vanhu.
Kuvepo kwehydrogen sulfide mumapombi kunowanzo kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekunyunyuta kubva kune vavakidzani vepedyo vane dambudziko rekunhuwa. Hydrogen sulfide inogadzirwa nebiological reactions mumaseweji masisitimu kana marara ekuchenesa mvura. H2S inogadzirwa neanaerobic (anaerobic) fermentation yeorganic matter iripo mumvura ine tsvina.
Mupombi, kana pasina okisijeni, hutachiona huchadya uye huchigadzira hydrogen sulfide, ine kunhuhwirira kwakajairika kwemazai akaora. Izvi zvinonzi sepsis uye ndicho chinokonzera hydrogen sulfide uye kunhuwa kunoenda nayo.
Inokuvadza vanhu here?
Hydrogen Sulfide igasi risina ruvara, rinokuvadza rinowanikwa mumigero netsvina umo pasina oxygen mune mamwe mamiriro (anonzi anaerobic conditions kana corrosive conditions). Iine zvinokanganisa hutano. Iyo inogumbura zvakanyanya kune mucous membranes yemaziso uye kufema turakiti.
Pamusoro peimwe fungidziro, hydrogen sulfide inozorarisa iyo olfactory nerve, ichiita kuti "inyangarike" uye ichiita kuti irege kuonekwa zvachose. Saka H2S inogona kuve dambudziko kana iwe usingatarisire. Muvanhu vakuru, 300 ppm (zvikamu pamiriyoni) inouraya. Mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, munzvimbo yakavharirwa, Hydrogen Sulfide inogona kuuraya ipapo ipapo.
Pakusungirirwa padyo ne150 ppm, pfungwa yekunhuhwirira inokurumidza kuneta uye hunhu hwema hunoita hunyoro hunotapira huchibva hwanyangarika zvachose. Mumamiriro ayo akachena, hydrogen sulfide inogona kupisa zviri nyore kuburitsa murazvo webhuruu wakajeka. Mune mamwe mazwi, chero kudonha kunoitika kunogona kukonzera moto.
Kana iyo isina kuchena, asi yakasanganiswa nemhepo (pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu anowanzokonzera kukanganisa kune zvakatipoteredza), ichava chinhu chinoputika. Misanganiswa inoputika inogona kuumbwa muhuwandu hwakasiyana-siyana (4,5% kusvika 45,5% mumhepo). Iyo autoignition tembiricha, kureva, tembiricha iyo gasi inogona kupisa kunyangwe isina kunobva kunze, i250 ° C.
Hydrogen sulfide inowanikwa mumvura, mafuta, mafuta, uye hydrocarbons (mafuta, naphtha, nezvimwewo). Izvo zvinofanirwa kuyeukwa kuti solubility yegasi mune chero solvent inowedzera nekumanikidza.
Ngozi dzehydrogen sulfide
Pamusoro pekuburitsa munhuwi wakasarudzika usingafadzi. huwandu hukuru hweH2S hunotsamwisa uye hunonyanya kutyisa kana kusungirirwa kwakanyanya munzvimbo yakavharwa. Vashandi vekambani yekuchenesa mvura vanoshanda munzvimbo dzakavharirwa ndivo vari panjodzi huru iyi. Iro ibasa revatungamiriri vepamusoro kuchengetedza vashandi kubva kune njodzi dzehydrogen sulfide.
Ngationgororei kuti ndeapi matanho akasiyana engozi yehydrogen sulfide:
- Igasi rine muchetura- Iyo chepfu yehydrogen sulfide ine yakakura spectrum. Inorwisa uye inoomesa tsinga dzetsinga uye inovhara kufema kwemasero. Munzvimbo dzakakwirira, kufema kamwe chete kunogona kuuraya.
- Igasi rinoputika: inopisa zvakanyanya. Inogadzira misanganiswa inoputika nemhepo. Kubata neoxidizing zvigadzirwa zvinogona kukonzera moto uye kuputika.
- Hazvitarisirwi: igasi rinokuvadza uye rinorema kudarika mweya. Nokudaro, inogona kuunganidza muzvikamu zvepasi zvezvivakwa uye pombi zviteshi kana mishonga yekurapa. Vanoumba homwe mutsvina yakamira uye vanoburitsa huwandu hunouraya hwegasi kana tsvina yakadaro ichibviswa nekuda kwekuyerera kwepombi. Kuremara muolfactory kunodzivirira kuti usaite dziviriro yechisikigo yemuviri kubva kune gasi.
Nzira yekurwisa gasi iri
Humwe hunhu hwehydrogen sulfide ndeyekuti inoshatisa zvivakwa zvemasiweji uye zvidyarwa zvekuchenesa mvura. Munzvimbo inopisa, ine mwando yemugero wesuweji, H2S ichaisa oxidize kuita sulfuric acid. Iyi sulfuric acid inoodza uye inoshatisa mvura yetsvina uye mishonga yekuchenesa mvura.
Kukukurwa kwevhu kunogona kuvapo pakongiri, mhangura, simbi, uye sirivheri mumatangi ekugadzira, zvivakwa, nemidziyo yemagetsi. Kana pasina matanho anotorwa, Mapombi anozopedzisira aonekwa nekuora uku anogona kutsemuka. Corrosion inonyanya kukanganisa zvikamu zvakanyura zvemapombi emvura kana zvimiro mumidziyo yekuchenesa tsvina.
Chiyero chekuora chinoenderana nehuwandu hweH2S hwakaumbwa uye chiyero chekudzivirira kurapwa. Ikozvino zvinogoneka kudzivirira yakajairika zai rakaora kunhuwa mumiti yekuchenesa tsvina kana masisitimu emasuweji emaguta edu nemanisiparati.
Yara yakagadzira YaraNutriox ™, maitiro ekudzivirira kusvibiswa kunokonzerwa nekushaikwa kweokisijeni mumapombi esuweji kana zvidyarwa zvekuchenesa mvura. YaraNutriox ™ ndeye Yara yakasarudzika nitrate musanganiswa, iyo yakaedzwa kurwisa hydrogen sulfide mumazana enzvimbo kutenderera pasirese. Maguta akaita seNew York, Paris, Cologne neMontreal vane YaraNutriox ™ kugadzirisa gasi.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve hydrogen sulfide uye nei ichigona kuva nengozi kuvanhu.