Big Data ndiyo yekupedzisira chinongedzo mukufanotaura mamiriro ekunze. Kutenderera pasirese, zviuru zvemakambani, nzvimbo dzesainzi, masangano, nezvimwe, vari kushandisa Big Data kutsvaga mapatani chero kwavari, hombe data. Mune meteorology, sainzi iyo zvakare ine hombe uye hombe huwandu hwe data, Big Data zvakare ine ayo anoshanda ekushandisa. Izvi Chishandiso chazvino uye chine simba, inogona kushandiswa munzira dzakawanda. Kunyangwe ichidaidzwa sechinhu chimwe chete, inogona kuzadzisa zvakawanda zvakafanotaurwa zvichienderana nezvauri kutsvaga. Ehe, zvauyawo kune zvemamiriro ekunze, uye pano tichaenda kukuudza zvazvinoita uye nemabatiro acho.
Chekutanga pane zvese, ngatirangarirei izvozvo kutarisira nguva kwagara kuri chimwe chezvinhu zvekutanga zvinodiwa nevanhu. Zviuru zvemakore apfuura, fungidziro yemamiriro ekunze yaive yakakosha, kunyangwe kupfuura nhasi, pakurarama. Kuvandudzika kwetekinoroji kwanga kusiri kwekucheka, chero kusagadzikana kunogona kuve nemhedzisiro. Kunyangwe paigara paine ichi chikonzero chekudzivirira mamiriro ekunze, pakanga pasvika kusvika kwaAristotle patinogona kugadzira izwi rekuti meteorology. Akaidaidza kuti "mamiriro ekunze", iro zita raakapa bhuku rake, makore akapoteredza 340 BC.
Big Data mune fungidziro
Iko kufunga kwehunhu hwemuchadenga hakuna kumira kukura kubva ipapo. Nguva imwe neimwe nekukurumidza. Kuenda kuburikidza neiyo thermometer iyo Galileo akagadzira muna 1607, kumakomputa simuleri zvichienderana nedata rakaunganidzwa nema satellite. Parizvino, takatarisana neBig Data, vazhinji vanobvuma izvozvo ndicho chishandiso chinonyanya kushanduka sezvo internet iripo uye haisi yezvishoma. Sokunge kuti yaive ramangwana resainzi ingano, nhasi tinogona kutaura kuti ichokwadi.
Sezvatataura, Big Data inotanga kutora basa nhasi, yekupa iyo imwe pfungwa yekutarisisa kune vezvemeteorologist. Kwavaisakwanisa kuenda, kana kutenda kuti vaive vechokwadi vasina, Dhata hombe rinokuratidza izvo zvaive zvakavanzika kana kusazivikanwa, zvakare iine nhanho yechokwadi isina kumbosvika. Kune makambani anotopa aya masevhisi nhasi. Masangano, hurumende nemakambani anoshandisa dhata hombe kutarisira mamiriro ekunze. Asi sei izvi zvese maitiro? Zvinoitwa sei? Tinobatsirwa sei? Tevere tichaona uye tinzwisise kuti iyi nzira yese yehunyanzvi hwekugadzira inogoneka sei.
Big Data inoshanda sei?
Zvichida, Big Data inoisa zvinopfuura kutarisa kumatenga kuti utarise pane data, uye kuti zvinogadziriswa nemazvo. Saka kuti iwe unzwisise zvakanyanya muhukuru hwayo zvinorehwa nemeteorology, kutanga zvakakosha kuti utsanangure mashandiro ayo.
Big Data ine musimboti wekushanda mune izvo zvinonzi ma4 V's.
Vhoriyamu
Izvi zvinoreva huwandu hwe data. Yese iyi huwandu hwemashoko akaunganidzwa ndiyo inozivikanwa sevhoriyamu. Zvinogona kusiyana zvichienderana nezvinoiswa, dzimwe nguva tine yakawanda data uye dzimwe nguva "zvishoma". Ndokunge, tinogona kuenda kubva kumamirioni chiuru ezvidimbu zvemadhora kusvika kumatirioni akati wandei, zvichienderana nekuti ndeipi inoongororwa
Speed
Ndinoreva iyo mwero iyo iyo data inogadzirwa. Ivo vanouya kubva mukuda kwekutora, kuchengeta uye kuigadzirisa. Iyo yakawanda data inotorwa iripo, iyo inokurumidza kuchengetwa, iyo yakawanda iripo yekuongorora. Kumhanya kwakakosha zvakapetwa mukufungidzira kwemamiriro ekunze, nekuti zviitiko zvinoitika munguva chaiyo, uye zvinofanirwa kugadziriswa nekukurumidza sezvazvinogona.
Kusiyana
Dzimwe nguva pane fomati yekuti iyo data inouya sei, dzimwe nguva dzimwe. Rudzi rumwe nerumwe rwe data rune marongero aro. Dzimwe nguva dzimwe dzinoshaikwa (pane matekinoro ekugadzirisa izvi, kana zvikanganiso zvingave zvakakura) uye dzimwe nguva vanouya mumavhidhiyo mafomu kunyangwe. Kune huwandu hwakasiyana kwazvo hwe data, iyo iri muBig Data iri mukutarisira kuisa odha, pfungwa yekuongororwa zvakanaka. Semuenzaniso, zviyero zvekupisa kubva pane thermometer "haigone" kuiswa mupakeji imwechete seyesetimeter zviyero kubva kumberi.
Veracity
Yakanangana nemubereki wepfungwa yapfuura. Zvinoreva kuti iyo data pakupedzisira inouya yakachena, isina zvinhu "zvisina kujairika". Big Data manejimendi manejimendi anofanirwa kuve neanosarura timu yakadzidziswa kuchengetedza chimiro chakanaka. Mhedzisiro yechokwadi chakashata che data ine mhedzisiro yakaipa. Kuti uwane zano, zvinoita sekunge boka revanamakanika rapedza kugadzirisa mota, ivo vokanganwa kumonyanisa mavhiri maviri.
Semuenzaniso pane chokwadi che data
Tine marekodhi mazhinji kubva kunzvimbo zhinji. Ngatimbofungidzirai kuti tine tembiricha, mwando mwero, mhepo, nezvimwe. Asi, isu takundikana, uye tiri kushaya mamwe marekodhi ekupisa enzvimbo, chero chikonzero, uye hatigone kuwana kuziva kuti tembiricha yakadii yakanyorwa. Isu tine yakazara makumi matatu data, uye maviri acho, pasina tembiricha pakupedzisira.
Chii chingaitwe, semuenzaniso, kuverenga huwandu hwekupisa kwenzvimbo idzodzo kuti uone kunyatsoita tembiricha inokwanisika kuverengwa pane yakashaikwa rekodhi, asi zvakare nemipendero midiki kwazvo yekukanganisa. Maitiro zvikamu zveparutivi, uyezve kuverenga kunogona kuiswa mukuita. Dai iyi data yanga isipo, makomputa angadai asina kuzviziva, kugadzira gomba dema mu data, uye fungidziro dzisina kunaka zvachose.
Unoiwana sei?
Mune meteorology, senge mune chero munda, iyo data inouya iri muchimiro chezvakasiyana. Ndokunge, yega yega inogadziriswa nenzira yayo. Uye kunyangwe zvese zvichiratidzika kunge zvakaumbika uye zvakaomarara, iro basa rinova "nyore" kune vaongorori veBig Data. Misiyano yatinogona kunyora mumamiriro ekunze, kunyangwe ivo vachiri data, vanogona kunge vari vemhuri dzakasiyana. Ndokunge, musiyano ndeye chero data iro rinogona kuverengerwa, asi harisi rakafanana nguva dzose.
Mufananidzo uri pamusoro, wakapihwa neNASA, unoratidza iyo muenzaniso wezvinoyerera kutenderera nyika. Panyaya yeNASA, ivo vane akawanda satellites anovabvumidza kuona uye kuyera zviitiko kutenderera pasirese munguva chaiyo.
Big Data inogona kuverenga yega yega nzira inosiiwa nechinhu nezve chimwe chinhu, uye icho chingatariswe se data. Vazhinji pavanofunga nezve Big Data, ivo vanokurumidza kufunga nezve patinoshandisa nharembozha, kusefa internet, tinya pane peji, kutenga chinhu online, kana "kuifarira" paFacebook. Icho chinongova "chidiki" asi chakakora chikamu, ehe, chakavimbika kwazvo uye chakanyorwa zvakanaka. Asi zvakare, isu tinosiya nzira yepanyama / chaiyo, senge nzvimbo yeGPS kwatiri, nekuda kwefoni mbozha. Pano isu tatotanga kusanganisa iyo chaiyo nyika neiyo yepanyama iyo. Uye zvechokwadi, kufamba kwemuviri, kutenga kwemuviri, zvinoenderana nezera, izvo zvatinosarudza, izvi zvese zvinogara zvakachengetwa, uyezve, inogona kududzira mune yakawanda uye yakawanda data.
Misiyano inogona kuve yakarongeka
Mhando dzemhando dzakasiyana idzo dzinomiririra hunhu hushoma kana misiyano isingareve hukuru chaihwo. Vanomiririra mhando yechinhu chavanotsanangura. Chaizvoizvo hunyanzvi hwavo kuganhurirwa kwezvavanomiririra. Vanogona kuiswa muzvikamu zviviri.
Mazita ezvemhando dzakasiyana
Ndidzo idzo zvinomiririra zvinhu mumunda mumwe chete zvisina kubatana zvine musoro imwe neimwe. Semuenzaniso: Zita rematunhu anoratidza uko marekodhi ari kubva, senge guta, nharaunda yakazvimiririra, kodhi yepositi, nezvimwe.
Ordinal epakati akasiyana misiyano
Ndidzo idzo inogona kuratidza ukuru hwechimwe chinhu, senge danho reDouglas padanho rekuzvimba, iyo nhanho yechiyero icho chamupupuri chinogona kusarudzwa zvichienderana nehukuru hwadzo, nezvimwe.
Misiyano inogona kuve nhamba
Nhamba dzinoverengeka ndidzo idzo inomiririra kukosha kana kusiyanisa mukati mehukuru uye inogona kuyerwa. Ivo vanomiririra huwandu hwakawanda. Hunhu hwavo ndewekuti vanogona kumiririra yakakura kwazvo nhanho yezviyero mumamiriro ekunze. Ivo vanopatsanurwa munzira mbiri
Inoenderera inoverengeka misiyano
Inoenderera misiyano ndeye iyo iyo ivo vari mukutarisira kuyera chimwe chinhu chakamisikidzwa. Mienzaniso yadzo ingangove humidity index, tembiricha, kumhanya kwemhepo, huwandu hwemvura inonaya, nezvimwe.
Dzakasiyana manhamba akasiyana
Aya ndiwo aya vanochengeta chinhu chakasimbiswa. Ndokunge, iyo nguva yenguva yakanaya mugore mune imwe nharaunda, iyo nhamba yenguva iyo kwainaya chando, nezvimwe.
Misiyano yese inogadziriswa
Kana ese misiyano yakarongedzwa, inogadziriswa nekutenda kumakomputa, nguva dzose inotarisirwa nevanoongorora YeBig Data. Kusvikira makore mashoma apfuura, huwandu hwe data hwaive hunowanikwa, kunyangwe iri nhamba yakakura kwazvo, pakanga pasina matambudziko ekuongororwa nevanoongorora data. Nekudaro, Big Data ongororo inoitisa ongororo yeiyi hombe data, kupi maitiro ekuongorora anga akajairika kusvika nhasi, angatora nguva yakareba (isu tinototaura nezvemazuva) kupa mhinduro. Kwete izvozvo chete, Big Data inoshanda zvakanyanya uye yakarurama, ne "kutamba" nemisiyano iri pakati pavo.
Zvese izvi zvinotangira izvo zvatakambotaura pamusoro pe4 V's yeBig Data, tichiwana kukurumidza, kuvimbika uye mhando dzemamiriro ekunze dzinopa fungidziro dzakatwasuka munguva pfupi pfupi yenguva.
Big Dhata senzira yekuzvibata
Muenzaniso wakanaka ungave wekutaura nezve iyo kambani ACCIONA, iyo ine Renewable Energy Control Center (CECOER). Ndiyo nzvimbo huru pasi rose uko chinangwa chiri chekupa mhinduro munguva chaiyo, yemamiriyoni e data akaunganidzwa kubva kunzvimbo dzayo, zvese biomass, mhepo uye simba rezuva. Iyo inogadzira angangoita zviuru zvitatu zvegoreti zvinotora iyi data rese kugadzirisa kune chaidikanwa chinodikanwa. Imwe mukana weCECOER kugashira kwezviitiko zvavanazvo kubva kune zvivakwa zvavo, saka 3000% yadzo inogadziriswa kure. Iwo asara makumi mashanu muzana akagadziriswa panyama nevashandisi. Nenzira iyi, Acciona inowana simba rayo rinowedzerwazve, zvinopfuura kuva imwe simba, ive mhinduro nhasi.
CECOER ACTION
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha nezve Big Data nhasi kushomeka kwemasayendisiti e data. Ndiwo munda wakakura, uye izvo zvapinda mune mamwe maitiro akafanotarisirwa. Ko Big Data inogona kubatsira zvakanyanya mukushanduka kwezvakafanotaurwa, kuzivisa mabhenefiti kumakambani, kugona kutarisira zvinhu zvakawanda kudaro nekururamisa mutengo wekuwongorora kukuru kwedata? Hongu.Asi chimwe chinhu chakaonekwa zvishoma nezvishoma. Kuwedzera kudiwa kwemasayendisiti e data kwakaenzana nezvakabuda uye nekunzwisisa kudiwa kwadzo munzvimbo dzese. Ichokwadi kuti pane atove mazhinji maData eDhijitari anoshanda, aine mibairo inoshamisa, asi izvozvi iko iko iko kwatinoona kuti kune kudiwa kukuru. Big Data vaongorori vari kutsvakwa zvakanyanya mushure.
Naizvozvo isu tiri kurarama shanduko iyo yavanoreva mukusimudzira, asi kubva pakutanga. Kufanana nechero indasitiri, isu tave kupupurira kugona kwayo, asi haina kugadzirirwa kusvika padanho repamusoro, ichi chinhu icho nguva yatakachengeterwa. Chinhu chimwe chatove pachena, kugona kwayo zvazvino, imwe yacho, kwazvinogona kusvika. Mhedzisiro yako haizotisiye isu tisina hanya.
IBM modhi mepu
IBM's Iyo Mamiriro Ekunze Kambani ikambani yakazvimiririra iyo inopa kusvika pamamiriyoni makumi maviri nematanhatu ekufanotaura zuva nezuva nezve mamiriro ekunze. IBM kubva pakutanga yakabuda pachena, zvakare pamwe neGoogle, yekuve imwe yemakambani anopayona mumunda. Iyo Weather Kambani yakazvipira zvakanyanya kubatsira vanhu kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo nezve mamiriro ekunze. Ndiyo network huru pasi rese kubva kune ako mamiriro ekunze. Maki makuru epasi rose mukubhururuka, simba, inishuwarenzi, midhiya nehurumende zvinoenderana neThe Weather Company yedata, matekinoroji mapuratifomu uye masevhisi.
Big Dhata inopesana neKuchinja Kwemamiriro ekunze
United Nations Global Press, hombe dhata danho reiyo United Nations uye Western Dhijitari Corporation, vasaina mubatanidzwa wekurwira pamwechete kurwisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze. Iyi purojekiti inotungamirwa neUN uye Western Dhijitari Corp., kuunza pamwechete dijitari hunyanzvi masayendisiti kubva kutenderera pasirese kurwisa dambudziko nenzira inoshanda. Pakati pavo, tinowana vanobatsirana kubva kumatunhu akasiyana kwazvo pakati pavo. BBVA, Orange, Planet, Plume Labs, Nielsen, Schneider Electric, Waze ... ndevamwe vevaya vanotora chikamu muchirongwa ichi.
Isu tinowanawo iyo Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), ndiyo yechina modhi mune MareNostrum akateedzana. Iyo supercomputer yeBig Data kuongorora kiyi muminda mizhinji, pakati pavo zvakare kurwira kweKusanduka Kwemamiriro ekunze. Yakaiswa mukushanda pakupera kwaJune kweiyi 2017. Iyo ndiyo yechitatu inokurumidza komputa muEurope, mari yakaitwa mariri yekuisirwa kwayo 34 mamirioni euros nebazi rezvehupfumi, indasitiri uye Kukwikwidza kweSpain. Iyo ine inokwana gumi nemana Petabytes, ndiko kuti, mamirioni gumi nemana maGigabyte. Inosvika pa14 Petaflops, ndiko kuti, hutsinye hwezviuru gumi nezana nemazana emazana emabhiriyoni pasekondi.
Big Data mune ramangwana rezvemamiriro ekunze uye muhupenyu hwedu
Munyika inoshanduka, umo shanduko dziri kukurumidza, uye kuwedzera kushamisika, zvakaoma kufanotaura remangwana rechimwe chinhu. Zvatinoziva zvechokwadi ndizvozvo Big Data yauya kuzogara, uye kuti zvakafanotaurwa zvakaita kuti mamiriro ekunze pamwe nedzimwe nzvimbo zvitisiye tichishamisika. Vamwe vacharamba vasina chokwadi, vamwe vachazviramba, vamwe vachazviona sechinhu chiri kure. Asi chokwadi ndechekuti, isu tave kutogara nayo.
Nhasi tinoziva kuti Big Data inofungidzira kunaya kwakawanda, mwaka wedutu, uye kunyangwe nekurongeka kukuru huwandu hwemenduru idzo nyika inogona kuhwina mumitambo yeOlympic. Inotarisirawo kuti ndiani, kupi uye riini mhosva ichaitwa (kana paine munhu akaona iyo "Minority Report" bhaisikopo iro rakayambuka pfungwa dzavo, handiti?). Big data iri kukurumidza kufamba ichitarisira ramangwana renzvimbo zhinji, uye ndezvekuti kunyangwe Amazon inotanga kuzvitarisira, uye nguva pfupi yadarika yatanga kutumira izvo kunyangwe vatengi vasati vatenga. Remangwana raive nanhasi, kazhinji risina chokwadi. Asi zviri kuchinja ramangwana rinotarisirwa.
Isu tinoziva kuti kugona kwayo kuchakura. Ndiani anoziva, zvinogona kukurumidza kufungidzira kuti ndiani anotarisira (Big Data) chimwe chinhu. Asi iine data rakaringana, Ko Big Data ichakwanisa kufungidzira mamiriro ekunze epasi rese nekutarisira kukuru? Hongu.Sezvaunogona kufungidzira kuti zviito zvedu zvinopa zviitiko zvakasiyana kune avo vakambopihwa, nekuti chero chiito chine mutsindo wayo mune ramangwana, uye Big Data inochiziva uye ichiiongorora zvakare, ichipa imwe mamiriro matsva.
Zvese zvinogona kutarisirwa. Tichakwanisa kuziva zvichaitika kwatiri munguva pfupi iri kutevera? Matambudziko api atichasangana nawo? Dutu richarova rini uye kupi? Chii chatichafanira kuramba tichigadzirisa? Sezvo hunyanzvi hunowedzera, makomputa anovandudza mukuita nekumhanyisa, iyi ndima inoenderera ichikura ... Zvingangodaro ndeyekuti pane kupindura "ndiani anoziva", pamwe chakanyanya kukodzera chichava kutaura kuti "ngatibvunzei Big Data".
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