Shoko rokuti hemisphere ishoko rechiGiriki rinoshandiswa kureva chero hafu yenyika. Pane misiyano mizhinji inoonekwa pakati pezviviri izvi, kusanganisira geographic, nyeredzi, uye meteorological kusiyana pakati pehemispheres. The hemispheres yenyika Kune maviri: kuchamhembe kwehemisphere uye yekumaodzanyemba. Mumwe nemumwe wavo ane hunhu hwakasiyana asi vakafanana kuti tembiricha yakadzikira uye yakakura yekuwedzera echando inotungamira.
Muchikamu chino tichakuudza zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezvehemispheres yePasi uye maitiro avo.
Hemispheres yePasi: kusiyana
Geography
Chamhembe (Northern Hemisphere) zvinoreva hafu yekuchamhembe kweEquator yeNyika, ukuwo hafu yekumaodzanyemba ihafu yekumaodzanyemba kweequator. Northern Hemisphere inowanikwa muEurope yese, North America, uye dzinenge Asia yese, pamwe neruzhinji rweAfrica. Iyi hemisphere ine yese yeAntarctica, kumaodzanyemba kweAsia, chikamu chimwe muzvitatu cheAfrica, yose yeAustralia uye inenge 90 muzana yeSouth America. Hongu, North Pole iri kuNorthern Hemisphere uye South Pole ndiyo yekumaodzanyemba.
Climate
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha mukusiyana pakati pemahemispheres maviri ndiyo mamiriro ekunze.. Kune hukama, kunyanya mukugoverwa kwenyika pedyo negungwa; nzvimbo yevhu iri kuChamhembe kweNyika yakakura uye nzvimbo yenyanza iri kumaodzanyemba kwenyika yakakura. Iri ruzivo rwakakosha kune zvinopfuura chikonzero chimwe.
Kutanga, chii chinoitika kuchamhembe kwehemisphere ndechokuti kupisa kunobva panyika uye gungwa kunotonhora zvakasiyana-siyana: nyika inopisa uye inotonhora nokukurumidza zvikuru. Chechipiri, kune makomo anoita senhoo kubva kumadutu nemhepo ine simba. Zvichakadaro, kuSouthern Hemisphere, iyo Antarctic Circumpolar Current inoyerera isina kudzivirirwa kutenderedza kondinendi. Mamiriro ekunze akatenderedza Antarctica akaoma kana achienzaniswa, sezvo pasina nzvimbo yekudzivirira kubva kumhepo.
Kudenga
Imwe misiyano pakati pechamhembe nechamhembe kwechamhembe ndekwekuti kumaodzanyemba kwehemisphere mwedzi haurevi nhema: kuNorthern hemisphere, kana mwedzi wakaita seC, uri kunyura, uye kana wakaita D, uri kunyura. Kumaodzanyemba kwepasi, zvinopesana ndezvechokwadi: C zvinoreva kuti mwedzi uri kunyura uye D zvinoreva kuti uri kupera. Pane chikonzero chiri nyore kunzwisisa cheizvi, sezvo kune imwe maonero edenga reusiku kumaodzanyemba kwehemisphere uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyeredzi.
Mwaka yegore
Iwo maviri hemispheres ane mwaka wakasiyana wezhizha nechando, zvichikonzera kudziya kwakawanda kwakasiyana kunzvimbo dzekumaodzanyemba nekuchamhembe panguva imwe chete yegore. MuNorthern Hemisphere, zhizha rinobva muzhizha solstice (Chikumi 21) kusvika kumatsutso equinox (Gunyana 21). Nguva yechando inowanzoitika kubva muna Zvita 21 kusvika Kurume 20. Ukuwo, zhizha kumaodzanyemba hemisphere rinotanga December 22 uye chando kubva June 21 kusvika September 21.
Hunhu hwehemispheres yePasi
Hunhu hweNorthern Hemisphere
Northern Hemisphere inoonekwa seine yakawanda yenyika inoitika paPasi uye imusha kuCentral America, Europe, North America, uye mazhinji eAsia neAfrica, kusanganisira zvimwe zvitsuwa zvidiki muOceania. Mamwe anomiririra maitiro ndeaya:
- Nzvimbo iyi inosvika 100 miriyoni square kilometres.
- Inenge 88% yevagari vepasi vanogara imomo.
- KuNorthern Hemisphere kune Pacific Ocean uye chikamu chekuchamhembe kweAtlantic Ocean. Inosanganisirawo zvikamu zvidiki zveArctic uye Indian Oceans.
- Chikamu chegungwa chekuchamhembe kwehemisphere inomiririra 60% yehuwandu hwayo, nepo chikamu chenyika chichimiririra 40% yepasi rose.
- Kuchamhembe kwechamhembe, mwaka dzegore dzakapesana neidzo dziri kumaodzanyemba kwehemisphere.
- Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yaunogona kuwana gwenga rinopisa uye panguva imwe chete iyo inotonhora zvikuru renje.
- Chinhu chinoda kuziva ndechekuti mune ino hemisphere zvinhu zvinotenderera zvichienda kurudyi, zvichikonzerwa nemhedzisiro yeCoriolis.
- Mafambiro emhepo ayo anoratidzwa nenzira yewachi.
Zviteshi iwo ndiwo mugumisiro wakananga wekurereka kweakisi yeNyika yekutenderera, iyo inoumba kona inosvika 23,5 madhigirii. kubva pamutsara wakananga kune ndege ye ecliptic. Mugore rose, nzvimbo zhinji dzePasi dzinosangana nemwaka mina yakasiyana: zhizha, kuwa, chando, uye chirimo, imwe neimwe inotora inenge mwedzi mitatu.
Asi mwaka wekuchamhembe nekumaodzanyemba unogara wakasiyana, zvikuru nekuti miviri iyi yakaparadzana nemwedzi mitanhatu, saka kana urikunakidzwa nechirimo kuNorthern hemisphere, ichando kumaodzanyemba kwehemisphere, saka maitiro anoramba akafanana. Pazasi pane girafu yemusiyano wemazuva emwaka kuzasi nekuchamhembe kwehemispheres.
Hunhu hwekumaodzanyemba kwehemisphere
Hunhu hukuru hweSouthern Hemisphere ndeiyi:
- Iyi hemisphere inoumbwa zvakanyanya nemakungwa, sezvo ichisanganisira mazhinji emakungwa ePacific neIndia, ese eAntarctic glaciers nehafu yeAtlantic Ocean.
- Nyika huru iri muSouth America.
- Inosanganisira zvimwe zvitsuwa zveAsia uye mazhinji eOceania neAustralia mukati menharaunda yayo.
- Mwaka yakatarisana neiyo iri kumusoro kwenyika.
- Inenge 10% yehuwandu hwepasi rose inogara muhemisphere.
- Iyo hemisphere inoonekwa se "murombo" nekuda kweiyo yakaderera mwero weindasitiri uye vashoma vanhu vanogara munzvimbo iyi.
- Kumaodzanyemba kwehemisphere, zuva rinofamba mudenga richibva kumabvazuva richienda kumadokero kuchamhembe.
- Mimvuri yeiyi hemisphere inotenderera inopesana newachi.
- Kana madutu nemadutu emunzvimbo dzinopisa zvikaitika, zvinotenderera zvichienda nekwairi.
Nezvemwaka, zvakakosha kutaura kuti kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kunokonzerwa neaxis yePasi kunoreva kuti hazviitike panguva imwe chete mumativi maviri ehemispheres, asi pane kudaro. Saka kana imwe nyika iri chando, imwe ichirimo, zvichingodaro. Mwaka pano inotarwawo nechirimo equinox uye solstice.
Muchokwadi, ese ari maviri hemispheres anoshandisa mazita ezhizha nechando, musiyano uri nguva yegore yaanoitika. Zhizha nechando zvinoparadzaniswa nemwedzi mitanhatu. Zvakakodzera kutaura kuti misiyano yemwaka yekumaodzanyemba kwehemisphere inokonzerwa nekurereka kwenyika, saka kumaodzanyemba kwehemisphere inowana simba shoma kubva kuzuva.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezvehemispheres yePasi uye maitiro avo.