A fractal chinhu chejometri chinogona kukamurwa kuita zvikamu, chimwe nechimwe chakafanana nechinhu chekutanga. Mafractals ane ruzivo rusingaperi uye anowanzo fanana uye akayerwa. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, fractals zvinogona kugadzirwa nekudzokorora maitiro, kudzokorora kana maitiro ekudzokorora.
Muchikamu chino tichakuudza zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezve fractals, maitiro avo uye kukosha.
Zvimiro zvefractals
Izvo zvakakosha zvimiro zvinoratidzira fractals ndeyekuzvifananidza, kusingaperi kuomarara uye dimensionality.
kuzvifananidzira
Kuzvifananidzira ndiko apo chikamu chemufananidzo kana rondedzero inogona kuonekwa semufananidzo wezvose, pachiyero chiduku.
kuoma kusingagumi
Inoreva chokwadi chekuti maitiro ekugadzira magirafu anodzokororwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana maitiro aitwa, maitiro aakamboitwa pachawo anowanikwa ari subprocedure mumaitiro ayo.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti munyaya yekuvaka kwekudzokorora kwemasvomhu inotsanangurwa fractal, chirongwa chichaitwa hachina magumo, izvo zvinoguma nekugadzirisa kusingagumi kwakaoma.
Vipimo
Kusiyana neEuclidean geometry, zviyero zve fractals hazvireve hazvo kuti akakwana. Mubazi remasvomhu iri, mapoinzi ane zero dimension, mitsetse ine dimension imwe chete, nzvimbo dzine mativi maviri, uye mavhoriyamu ane mativi matatu. Panyaya ye fractal dimension, ichi chikamu chechikamu chinomiririra kuti chimiro chinotora sei nzvimbo yainayo.
mienzaniso yefractals
Mafractals ekutanga akadzidzwa aive Cantor set, the Koch snowflake, uye Sierpinski triangle. Fractals inogona kuwanikwa geometrically kana stochastically kuburikidza nekudzokorora maitiro uye inogona kutora maitiro emhando dzakasiyana dzemaumbirwo anowanikwa mune zvakasikwa.
Mafractals aripo kwese kwese. Kune zvinhu zvakawanda zvechisikigo zvinoonekwa sezvimedu zvechisikigo nekuda kwemaitiro kana chimiro, asi aya ndiwo ane magumo emhando dzemafractals, achivasiyanisa kubva kurudzi rwemasvomhu rudzi rwefractals rwakagadzirwa nekudzokorodza kupindirana. Mienzaniso yeizvi makore nemiti.
Mhando huru
Izwi rekuti "fractal" rinobva kuLatin fractus, zvinoreva "kutsemuka", "kutsemuka", kana kungo "putswa" kana "kutsemuka", uye inonyatso kuenderana nezvinhu zvine zvidimbu zvidimbu. Iri izwi rakagadzirwa naBenoît Mandelbrot muna 1977 uye rakabuda mubhuku rake Fractal Geometry of Nature. Kudzidza kwezvinhu zvakaputsika kunowanzonzi fractal geometry.
A fractal seti yemasvomhu inogona kunakidzwa nekuzvifananidza chero pachikero, uye zviyero zvayo hazvisi nhamba dzese, kana dai dzaive, dzingadai dzisiri nhamba dzakakwana. Icho chokwadi chekuti yakangofanana inoreva kuti chinhu chakaputsika hachitsamiri kune anocherekedza pachayo, ndiko kuti, kana tikatora imwe mhando yefractal, isu tinokwanisa kuona kuti kana isu tikawedzera kaviri, kudhirowa kwakafanana neyekutanga. Kana isu tikaswededza mukati nechikamu che1000, tinosimbisa zvivakwa zvakafanana, saka kana tikawedzera n, chirongwa chakafanana, saka chikamu chakafanana nesese.
Muunganidzwa kana kuti chinhu chinonzi fractal kana chikakura zvisina mwero sezvo ukuro hwemudziyo wekuyera uchidzikira. Kune zvinhu zvakawanda zvakajairika zvinoonekwa sechisikigo nekuda kwechimiro chazvo kana maitiro.kunyange tisingavazivi. Makore, makomo, mhenderekedzo dzegungwa, miti, uye nzizi zvese zvakasikirwa mafractals, kunyangwe ane magumo uye saka haana kunaka, kusiyana nemasvomhu mafractals anonakidzwa nekusakwana uye akanakira.
Fractals uye sainzi
Fractal art ine hukama hwepedyo nemasvomhu, kunyanya geometry, sezvo, sekureva kunoita zita rayo, inoshandisa pfungwa yemafractals. Fractals yakavakirwa pakudzokorora kunoramba kuripo kweyega-yakabatana geometric pateni, ndiko kuti, chikamu chakaenzana nese.
Paunenge uchigadzira Sierpinski triangle, kubva paaequilateral triangle, tora pakati payo, gadzira gonyo nyowani yakaenzana, uye bvisa pakati. Wobva waita zvimwechete nekona yega yega yasara, uye zvichingodaro, saka inonzi fractal. Benoit Mandelbrot, akawana zvimiro zvemasvomhu zvinozivikanwa semafractals, akafa negomarara aine makore makumi masere nemashanu. Mandelbrot, mugari weFrance neAmerica, akagadzira mafractals senzira yemasvomhu yekunzwisisa kuoma kusingagumi kwezvisikwa.
Kuti tigadzirise kupatsanurwa kubva kune zvakajairika kusvika kune zvakakosha, tinogona kuzvipatsanura kuita zvikamu zviviri zvakakura: deterministic fractals (iyo inogonawo kuva algebraic kana geometric) uye isiri-deterministic fractals (inozivikanwawo se stochastic fractals).
Linear fractals ndeaya anovakwa sekusiyana kwezvikero, kureva kuti akafanana pazvikero zvese. Nonlinear fractals, kune rumwe rutivi, zvinokonzerwa nekukanganiswa kwakaoma, kana sekureva kunoita zita, kushandisa izwi mune chaotic mathematics, nonlinear distortions.
Upenyu hwezuva nezuva
Zvizhinji zvezvinhu zvemasvomhu chete uye zvechisikigo hazvina mutsara. Mumasvomhu, kuzvifananidzira, dzimwe nguva kunonzi kuzvifananidzira, ipfuma yechinhu (chinodanwa kuti chinhu chakafanana) umo chose chakanyatsofanana kana kuti chinenge chakafanana nechikamu chimwe chete, semuenzaniso kana chose chine zvakafanana imwe kana kupfuura muchimiro chenhengo dzayo.
A fractal inoratidzwa ne perimeter inoita infinity se wedzera zvinhu zvidiki nezvidiki nekudzokororwa kunotevedzana. Zvisineyi, curve iyi haipindirane chero nguva yedenderedzwa inotenderedza gonyo yekutanga. Makore, makomo, masisitimu ekutenderera kwemhepo, mahombekombe egungwa, kana mazambuko echando zvese zvakasara. Iyi inomiririra ndeye fungidziro nekuti zvimiro zvezvinhu zvakanaka, senge ruzivo rusingaperi, zvine masikirwo.
Fractal geometry inoedza kuenzanisira uye kutsanangura zvakawanda zvechisikigo zviitiko uye kuyedza kwesainzi, uye mumakore mashoma zvave chishandiso chemultidisciplinary chinoshandiswa nevasainzi, vanachiremba, maartist, nyanzvi dzemagariro, nyanzvi dzehupfumi, meteorologist, vaimbi, masayendisiti epakombiyuta, Etc.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve fractals uye maitiro avo.