Zvese zviri mumabhuku uye mumifananidzo yenguva yemunhu, pasi redu rinoratidzika nechimiro chedenderedzwa. Zvisinei, izvi hazvisizvo zvachose. The chimiro chaicho chepasi zvakasiyana. Vanhu vazhinji vanoshamisika kuti chii chaicho chimiro cheNyika.
Nechikonzero ichi, tichakumikidza chinyorwa ichi kuti tikuudze kuti chii chaicho chimiro chePasi, maitiro ayo uye nei ichidhonzwa saizvozvo.
chimiro chaicho chepasi
Kunyangwe zvingaite sezvinoshamisa, Nyika haina kutenderera zvakakwana, asi kuti yakatsetseka pamapango uye ichiputika paequator. Ichi chimiro chinozivikanwa se geoid uye chinokonzerwa nekubatanidzwa kwezvinhu zvakati wandei., sekutenderera kweNyika paaxis yayo pachayo, simba regiravhiti uye kugoverwa kwehukuru hwePasi. Mune mamwe mazwi, chimiro chePasi chinokanganiswa negiravhiti rayo uye kugoverwa kwehukuru hwayo.
Kuti unzwisise izvi zviri nani, fungidzira kuti Nyika ibhora repurasitiki rinotenderera paaxis yaro. Nekuda kwesimba rekutenderera, ivhu rinoenda kunze kune equator, nepo pamatanda rinoputika zvishoma.
Zvisinei, Kunyangwe Nyika isina kutenderera zvakakwana, chimiro chayo chakafanana nedenderedzwa risina kukwana. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, kwemakore akawanda zvaidavirwa kuti Pasi rakanga riri denderedzwa rakakwana. Kwakange kusati kwasvika mazana emakore mashoma apfuura apo masayendisiti akatanga kuongorora chimiro chePasi zvakadzama uye akawana kuti yakanga yakatsetseka pamatanda uye ichiputika paequator.
Zvitsva zvakawanikwa
Huremu hunoumba Nyika hauna kufanana. Musiyano unoratidzwa neakakora kana kutetepa mazaya echando, kuyerera kwemvura yepasi, inononoka magma kuyerera pakadzika, uye akawanda akawanda enzvimbo. Sezvo huremu hwayo husina kufanana, simba rayo regiravhiti harina kufanana zvakare. Misiyano idiki kwazvo, isingasviki 1% pakati pemapoinzi akanyanya.. Zviyero zvakakwana zvakatorwa nesangano reNASA rakatumidzwa zita remukadzi, GRACE (Spanish for Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment). Basa rekutanga ra GRACE raive mepu yakawedzeredzwa yePasi pane inhomogeneous gravitational field: nzvimbo yakadzika yakanyura ine ruvara muIndia.
Chimiro chaicho chepasi chakafanana nembatatisi. IEuropean Space Agency (ESA) yakatiratidza zvine hungwaru kuti mepu inokwevera yePasi ingaite sei mumufananidzo wevhidhiyo. Kuti vaite izvi, vaivimba nedata rakaunganidzwa kubva kuGravity Field uye Steady State Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE). Iyi ndiyo ESA yemamita mashanu kureba kweArrowhead probe, yanga ichitenderera muzasi-Earth orbit kweanoda kusvika makore maviri. Basa rayo guru nderekuunganidza data pamusoro penzvimbo yegiravhiti yepasi kuti iongorore kuti inoshanda sei pasi rose.
Sezvakatsanangurwa neboka rekutsvagisa rinotarisira GOCE, pasi chaizvoizvo geoid. Unogona kutaura kuti pasi redu rine nzvimbo yekuti kana ukaisa marble chero kupi zvako, rinogara ipapo pane kukunguruka. Imwe tsananguro, pamwe yakanyatsojeka, kunyangwe yakawedzera hunyanzvi, ndeyekuti chimiro chegeoid inzvimbo dzayo dzese uko nzvimbo yegiravhiti yakamira. Dai taigona kufamba pamwero mukuru pa geoid, taizoona kuti simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi rinogara rakanongedza pasi. Kunyange zvazvo uremu hwayo husina kufanana zvachose. Simba regiravhiti harina kufanana kwese kwese.
Kazhinji, pane kusanzwisisana nezve maviri multivariate calculus pfungwa dzinowanzovhiringika: vector minda uye zvavanogona. Muchiitiko ichi, munda wevector ndiyo munda wegiravhiti uye simba rinogoneka isimba regiravhiti rinogoneka. Iyo yekupedzisira inogona kududzirwa sesimba regiravhiti muzvikamu zvehuremu. Nokudaro, kunyange zvazvo simba rinokwevera pasi risingasiyani munzvimbo ipi neipi ye geoid, ndiko kuti, inogara ichikwevera munzira imwe chete, simba rinokwevera pasi rinogona kusiyana. Nenzira iyi, uremu hwako hunogona kusiyana zvishoma kubva kune imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe.
Simba regiravhiti harina kufanana pasi rose
Nyika igeoid nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda. Imwe yacho ndiyo inotiudza kuti mapango akatsetseka ne centrifugal force. Asi sezvatakaona, Nyika haisi ellipsoid yakakwana zvakare, sezvo maumbirwo evhu akasiyana achitenderera pamusoro payo.
Makomo nemipata ane asymmetrical dombo maumbirwo ane maviri akatwasuka. Chekutanga ndechekuti kugovaniswa kusina kuenzana kwehuremu kunokanganisa giravhiti. Chechipiri ndechekuti inoshandura Nyika kuita asymmetrically sphere, kureva kuti inoshandura Nyika kuita geoid.
Chimwe chinhu chisingatarisirwi kana tichitarisa chimiro cheNyika ndechekuti nzvimbo zhinji dzePasi dzakafukidzwa nemvura. Kunyange zvazvo tisinganyatsonzwisisi pasi pegungwa, tinoziva kuti rakagadzirwawo nemaumbirwo enyika. Zvakare, makungwa haana kuenzana, uye kunyangwe "mwero wegungwa" uchizivikanwa seyero chaiyo kumatunhu ese, mazinga emvura haana kufanana pasi rose, nokuti munyu hauna kufanana mumakungwa ose.
Geoid yepasi haisi iyo yechokwadi chimiro chepasi redu, kana kuti yaizotaridzika sei kana tikabvisa makungwa. Icho chinomiririra che equipotential pamusoro pePasi, kana nzvimbo imwechete iyo giravhiti yakamira panzvimbo dzose (ndosaka marble isingakunguruke nekuti inongosangana nekudzika kwekudzika), pasina zvimwe zvinhu.
Chinonyanya kukosha, mumifananidzo kubva kune zvidzidzo zvechimiro chaicho chePasi, mipata uye zvikomo zvakawedzeredzwa (mukukwirira kana kudzika) nechikamu che7000 zvichienzaniswa nechokwadi. Kusiyana nevhu, uko musiyano pakati penzvimbo yepamusoro (Everest 8.848 metres) uye nzvimbo yakaderera (Dead Sea -429 metres) yakakura, iyo geoid inosiyana kubva -106 kusvika 85 metres, ine chete 200 metres yekusaenzana.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve chimiro chaicho chePasi uye maitiro ayo.