Chikamu chekutanga chinowanzo kuzivikanwa mu troposphere, inotsanangurwa nekukanganiswa kweiyo nzvimbo substrate, inozivikanwa se planetary muganhu wedenga. Iyo inotungamirwa neyakavhiringika mweya musanganiswa, inogadzirwa nekusingaperi kukakavara neyakaomarara pamusoro pevhu uye nekuratidzira kukwira kwemafuro emhepo kana uchipisa.
Iyi dura yakagoverwa nenzira yakasarudzika a kukwirira kubva 600 kusvika 800 m, asi inogona kubva pamakumi emamita mashoma kusvika kune imwechete kana maviri km, zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana senzvimbo yepamusoro, kusanzwisisika kwepasi, hunhu hwevhavha hwezvinomera, simba remhepo, mwero wekupisa kana kutonhora kwevhu, kupisa kupisa uye hunyoro, etc. Pakati pezuva, mupiro wekupisa uye nemhedzisiro yekusanganiswa kwemhepo kunowedzera hukobvu hwenzvimbo yemuganho, iyo inosvika pakukwirira kwayo kwakanyanya mumasikati ekutanga; zvinopesana, panguva yehusiku kutonhodza kwevhu kunodzivirira kusagadzikana uye ukobvu hwayo hwaderedzwa.
Dzimwe nguva, mukuwedzera, iyo yakatwasuka chimiro chemuganho wedanho inoita kuti zvikwanisike kusiyanisa akati wandei mazinga:
1) a mamorekuru laminar rukoko, mukubatana nevhu, mashoma mamilimita mashoma gobvu, rinotongwa nemhedzisiro yeiyo viscosity yepasi;
2) ipapo a mhirizhonga makumi emamirimita emamirimita akakwira, anozivikanwa nekunyongana kwemhepo; Y
3) iyo yepamusoro nhanho, uko simba reCoriolis pamhepo, rakadaidzwa ekman cape.
Yatove pamusoro peiyo yemahara troposphere inowanikwa, ine yakachena uye isina mashoma mhepo, uko tembiricha inodonha paavhareji mwero 6 ºC / km.