Isu tajaira kunaya kakawanda kana kuti kwete kakawanda zvichienderana nekwatiri. Zvisinei, vanhu vazhinji havazivi chii chinonzi mvura uye inogadzirwa sei. Makore akaumbwa nenhamba yakakura yemadonhwe emvura uye madiki echando makristasi. Aya madonhwe emvura uye madiki echando makristasi anouya kubva mukushanduka kwenzvimbo kubva pamhute yemvura kuita mvura uye yakasimba muhukuru hwemhepo. Mhepo mweya inokwira uye inotonhorera kudzamara yaguta yozoshanduka kuita madonhwe emvura. Kana makore akazara madonhwe emvura uye mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza akaikodzera, anodonha muchimiro chechando, chando kana chimvuramabwe.
Muchinyorwa chino tichaudza zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive kuti mvura chii, kuti hunhu hwayo uye kwayakatangira.
Chii chinonzi mvura uye inoita sei
Kana mweya uri pamusoro uchipisa, kukwirira kwawo kuchawedzera. Iyo tembiricha yetroposphere inodzikira sekukwira kunowedzera, ndiko kuti, iko kukwira kwatinoenda, iyo inotonhorera inova, saka panosvika mhepo yakawanda, inorova iyo inotonhorera mweya uye inozara. Kana yaguta, inonamira mumadonhwe madiki emvura kana makristasi uye inotenderedza zvidimbu zvidiki zvine dhayamita isingasviki ma microns maviri, ayo anonzi hygroscopic condensation nuclei.
Kana madonhwe emvura akanamatira kune iyo condensation nuclei uye mhepo yemhepo pamusoro inoramba ichikwira, iyo yakatwasuka inosimudzira gore gobvu ichaumba, nekuti huwandu hwakazara uye wakadzikiswa mweya unozopedzisira wawedzera pakukwirira. Rudzi rwemakore runoumbwa nekusadzikama kwemuchadenga rwunonzi cumulus humilis, uye kana rwuchikura rwakatwasuka ruchisvika pakukora kwakaringana (kwakaringana kubvumidza kufamba kwezuva rezuva), anonzi macumulonimbus makore.
Kuti mhute iri mumhepo izere nemhepo inokwana kupinda mumadonhwe emvura, zvinhu zviviri zvinofanirwa kuzadzikiswa: imwe ndeyekuti mhepo yemhepo yakatonhorera zvakakwana uye imwe yacho ndeyekuti kune condensation nuclei iyo inonaya hunyoro mumhepo.
Kana makore achinge aumbwa, chii chinovatadzisa kuburitsa mvura, chimvuramabwe kana sinou, ndiko kuti, imwe mhando yemvura yekunaya? Nekuda kwekuvandudza, iwo madonhwe madiki ayo anogadzira uye akamiswa mugore anozotanga kukura, nekukanganisa mamwe madonhwe aanosangana nawo pavanodonha. Chaizvoizvo, mauto maviri anoita padonho rega rega: kuramba kunoitwa pairi nekuyerera kwekumusoro kwemhepo uye huremu hwedonhwe pacharo.
Kana madonhwe akakura zvakakwana kuti akunde simba rekuzvuva, anomhanyira pasi. Iyo yakareba iyo madonhwe emvura anoshandisa mukati megore, iwo makuru anova iwo, sezvo ivo vachiwedzera kune mamwe madonhwe uye imwe condensation nuclei. Uye zvakare, zvinoenderana nenguva iyo iyo madonhwe aanoshandisa achikwira nekudzika mugore uye nekuwedzera huwandu hwese hwemvura iyo gore rinayo.
Mhando dzemvura
Rudzi rwemvura rwunopihwa sekushanda kwechimiro uye saizi yemadonhwe emvura anotetepa kana mamiriro ezvinhu akasangana. Vanogona kunge vari madhiri, mvura, chimvuramabwe, chando, chando, mvura, nezvimwe.
Drizzle
Iyo inodonhedza ndeye mvura shoma, madonhwe ayo ari madiki kwazvo uye anodonha zvakaenzana. Kazhinji, aya madonhwe emvura haanyorove pasi zvakanyanya, asi anoenderana nezvimwe zvinhu zvakaita sekumhanya kwemhepo uye mwando une hukama.
Mashawa
Mashawa madonhwe makuru emvura anowanzo kudonha zvine chisimba munguva pfupi. Mvura inowanzoitika uko kumanikidzwa kwemhepo inodonha uye inogadzira nzvimbo yepasi yekumanikidza inonzi dutu. Mvura inoenderana necumulonimbus-kunge makore anoita nekukurumidza, saka madonhwe emvura anokura.
Chimvuramabwe uye mazaya echando
Mvura inogona zvakare kuve yakasimba fomu. Kune izvi, makristasi echando anofanirwa kuumbika mumakore ari pamusoro pemakore, uye tembiricha yakadzika kwazvo (ingangoita -40 ° C). Aya makristasi inogona kukura patembiricha yakaderera kwazvo zvichishayisa madonhwe emvura anotonhora (kutanga kwechimvuramabwe kuumbwa) kana nekuwedzera mamwe makristasi kuti agadzire mazaya echando. Kana vasvika pakukura chaiko uye nekuda kwesimba, kana mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza akarurama, vanokwanisa kusiya gore voburitsa kunaya kwakasimba pamusoro.
Dzimwe nguva chando kana chimvuramabwe chinobuda mugore, kana chikasangana nechetete chemhepo inodziya mukudonha, zvinonyungudika zvisati zvasvika pasi, zvichizoguma nekunaya kwemvura.
Mvura inoenderana nerudzi rwegore
Mhando yemvura inonaya inoenderana zvakanyanya nemamiriro ekunze ekuumbwa kwegore uye mhando yegore rakaumbwa. Muchiitiko ichi, mhando dzakajairika dzemvura yekunaya ndeyemberi, topographic uye convective kana dutu mhando.
Frontal kunaya ndiko kunaya kwakabatana nemakore uye mberi (inodziya uye inotonhora). Mharadzano iri pakati peinodziya kumberi uye inotonhora kumberi inoumba makore uye inogadzira kunaya kwekumberi. Kana huwandu hwakawanda hwemhepo inotonhora ichisundira kumusoro uye ichifambisa inodziya mashoma, inotonhora inotangira mafomu. Sezvo painosimuka, inotonhorera pasi voita makore. Panyaya yekumberi inodziya, iyo inodziya mweya mashoma inotsvedza pamusoro peinotonhora mweya wehurema.
Kana iko kuumbwa kwekutonhora kumberi kunoitika, kazhinji mhando yegore inogadzira ndeye Cumulonimbus kana Altocumulus. Makore aya anowanzo kuve neakakura akatwasuka uye, nekudaro, anokonzeresa zvakanyanya uye yakakwira vhoriyamu. Zvakare, saizi yedonhwe rakakura kwazvo kupfuura iyo inogadzira kumberi inodziya.
Makore anoumba kumberi inodziya ane chimiro chakakomberedzwa uye anowanzo kuve Nimbostratus, Stratus, Stratocumulus. Kazhinji, kunaya kunoitika mumativi aya kwakapfava, kwerudzi rwunodonhedza.
Panyaya yekunaya kubva kune dutu, inonziwo 'convective masystem', makore ane hwakawanda hwekumira kusimudzira (cumulonimbus) ne iyo inoburitsa kwakanyanya uye kwenguva pfupi-mvura, kazhinji mafashama.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezvekuti mvura chii uye hunhu hwayo.