Kunyange zvazvo Pluto iri pasi diki pane ese muhurongwa hwedu hwezuva, inozivikanwa seplanetoid, ine zvakare masatellite. Charon Ndiyo yakakura satellite yePluto. Yakawanikwa nenyanzvi yenyeredzi yokuAmerica James W. Christie muna 1978. Zita racho rinoyeuchidza Charon, mutyairi wechikepe parwizi rwaAkhon mungano yechiGiriki akanga achitungamirira kuendesa mweya kugehena.
Muchikamu chino tichakuudza zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezve Charon satellite, maitiro ayo uye kukosha kwayo.
Mhando huru
Yakaita denderedzwa muchimiro uye ine kunyanya chando. Iyo ine hunyanzvi hwekugara ichiratidza chiso chakafanana kuPluto, uye inogara ichiona chiso chayo chimwe chete sezvo ese ari maviri achitenderera pakati pehukuru.
Kwemakore akawanda, Charon akafunga Ndiwo chete mwedzi waitenderera Pluto, asi pakupera kwa2005 kuvepo kwezvimwe zvitunha zviviri zvakaziviswa, kwenguva pfupi yainzi S/2005 P 1 uye S/2005 P 2. Muna 2006 Hubble Space Telescope yakasimbisa kuvapo kwezvikamu zviviri zvemudenga muna Chikumi wegore rimwe chetero. , uye International Astronomical Union yakadzitumidza, ichidzitumidza kuti Hydra uye Nix, zvichiteerana.
Musi waChikunguru 20, 2011, NASA yakazivisa kuwanikwa kwesetiraiti yechina inotenderera nyika diki, yakawanikwawo naHubble, iri P4 (zita renguva pfupi). diki pane 4 satellite awanikwa kusvika parizvino. Musi waChikunguru 12, 2012, NASA yakazivisa kuwanikwa kwemwedzi mudiki, pakati pegumi nemakiromita makumi maviri nemana, unonzi P10, uyo wakaonekwa zvakare nekuda kwezvakaonekwa naHubble. Muna Chikunguru 24, masatellite madiki maviri akanzi Cerberus uye Styx, zvichiteerana.
NASA's New Horizons probe yakavambwa muna 2006 nechinangwa chekutanga chekushanyira Pluto naCharon. Yakasvika muna July 13, 2015. Muna July 2013, yakatumira zvakare mifananidzo yekutanga inoratidza Charon sechinhu chakasiyana kubva kuPluto.
Kuwanikwa kweiyo satellite Charon
Charon yakawanikwa muna Chikumi 22, 1978 neUS Naval Observatory nyanzvi yenyeredzi James W.. Christie, akaona chimwe chinhu chakasiyana pamifananidzo yePluto yakatorwa netelesikopu yeFlagstaff Observatory. Mufananidzo unobuda unoratidza chimiro chaPluto chakareba zvishoma, nepo nyeredzi iri mumufananidzo mumwe chete ichishaya kukanganisa uku.
Ongororo yezvakachengetwa zvemucherechedzo yakaratidza kuti mimwe mifananidzo mishoma yakatorwa mumamiriro ekunze akanakisa yakaratidza kurebesa, kunyangwe mazhinji asina. Mhedzisiro iyi yaigona kutsanangurwa kana paine chimwe chinhu chaipota chichitenderera Pluto, asi chisina kukura zvekuonekwa neteresikopu.
Christie akaenderera mberi netsvakiridzo yake ndokuona kuti zvese zvakaonekwa inogona kutsanangurwa kana chinhu chiri kutaurwa chine nguva ye orbital yemazuva 6,387 uye kuparadzaniswa kwakanyanya kweimwe arc yechipiri kubva pasi. Nguva yekutenderera kwaPluto imazuva 6.387 chete, uye sezvo mwedzi unenge uine nguva imwe chete yekutenderera, anofungidzira kuti iyi ndiyo chete inozivikanwa yepasi-satellite system umo maviri anoratidza chiso chakafanana. Kuvapo kwakadzima apo hurongwa hwakapinda munguva yemakore mashanu ekuora kwezuva pakati pa 1985 na 1990. Chiitiko ichi chinoitika apo ndege dzinotenderera dzePluto neCharon dziri kumucheto kune maonero kubva kuNyika. Izvi zvinoitika kaviri chete muPluto's 248-year orbital period. Sezvineiwo, imwe yenguva idzi dzekuora kwakaitika nguva pfupi Charon awanikwa.
Hubble Space Telescope yakatora mifananidzo yekutanga yePluto naCharon yakagadziriswa semadhisiki akasiyana muma 1990. Gare gare, kugadzirwa kweadaptive optics kwakaita kuti zvikwanisike kugadzirisa madhisiki ega ega uchishandisa teresikopu yepasi zvakare.
Nekuwanikwa kwaCharon, dzidziso yekuti Pluto aive mwedzi yakapukunyuka kubva kuNeptune yakaraswa. Charon ine dhayamita yemakiromita 1.208, inopfuura hafu yehukuru hwePluto, uye nzvimbo ye4.580.000 square kilometers. Kusiyana nePluto, iyo yakafukidzwa nenitrogen uye methane ice, nzvimbo yaCharon inoita kunge yakawanda aizi yemvura. Zvinoitawo sokuti hazvina mhepo. Muna 2007, kucherechedzwa kweammonia hydrates uye makristasi pamusoro peCharon neGemini Observatory kwakaratidza kuvapo kwe "low-temperature heat source".
Kunyura kwezuva kwaPluto naCharon muma1980s yakabvumira nyanzvi dzenyeredzi kuongorora Pluto's spectral lines uye kusanganiswa kwenyeredzi mbiri. Nekubvisa spectrum yaPluto kubva kune yakazara spectrum, vakakwanisa kuona kuumbwa kwechiso chaCharon.
Kuumbwa kweCharon
Saizi nehukuru hwaCharon zvakatibvumira kuti tiverenge uwandu hwayo, tichiziva izvi tinogona kutaura kuti muviri wechando uye ine chikamu chidiki chedombo pane imwe nyeredzi, zvichitsigira chokwadi chekuti Charon yakaumbwa naPluto. Kubata hofori pajasi rakaomeswa nechando.
Pane dzidziso mbiri dzinopokana nezvemukati meCharon: Mamwe masayendisiti anotenda kuti muviri mumwechete sePluto, une dombo guru uye jasi rechando, nepo vamwe vachitenda kuti Charon ine chimiro chakabatana. Humbowo hwakawanikwa hunotsigira fungidziro yekutanga. Kuwanikwa kweammonia hydrate uye makristasi pamusoro peCharon kunoratidza kuvepo kweiyo inoshanda "yakaderera-yekushisa kupisa sosi." Icho chokwadi chekuti chando chichiri mukristalline state chinoratidza kuti chakaiswa nguva pfupi yadarika, sezvo mwaranzi wezuva ungadai wakadzikira. aizi yekare kusvika kune amorphous state mushure memakore angangoita 30.000.
Kudzidziswa
Pluto naCharon zvinofungidzirwa kuve zvinhu zviviri zvakadhumhana zvisati zvapinda munzira dzeumwe neumwe. Kudhumhana kwacho kune chisimba chekubika mazaya echando anoputika semethane, asi asina chisimba chekuparadza.
Muchinyorwa chemuenzaniso chakaburitswa muna 2005, Robin Canup akakurudzira kuti Charon inogona kunge yakaumbwa makore 4500 bhiriyoni apfuura nehofori yesimba, yakafanana nePasi neMwedzi.. Mune iyi modhi, hombe KBO inorovera muPluto nekumhanya kukuru, ichizviparadza uye nekuparadzira mazhinji ekunze mantle epasi. Charon yakabva yaumbwa kubva mukusanganiswa kwezvisaririra. Nekudaro, kuita kwakadai kwaizoguma kune ane rocker, anotyisa Charon kupfuura Pluto masayendisiti akawana.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve Charon uye maitiro ayo.