Kana tiri mugeology tinotaura nezvechimiro uye kuumbwa kwevhu, hazvidziviriki kutaura pamusoro pemapendero. Mapepa ndiwo akajairika masisitimu anokanganisa zvese zvejecha zvinhu. Iwo anozivikanwa zvikuru ndeaya anticline uye syncline. Neichi chikonzero, isu tiri kuzotsaurira ichi chose chinyorwa kutaura pamusoro pezvimiro uye kukosha kwemhando dzakasiyana dzekupeta uye hunhu hwavo.
Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezve anticline uye syncline peta, iyi ndiyo posvo yako.
Ndezvipi zvakapetwa
Makumbo haana chimwe chinhu kunze kwezvivakwa zvakaumbwa semhedzisiro yekushomeka kwezvinhu zve geological. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uwedzere kuti idzi zvakapetwa zvezvinhu hazvigadzi kutsemuka. Aya masisitimu e geological anoumbwa kuburikidza neplastiki deformation iyo inoumbwa kuburikidza kumanikidzwa kweimwe tectonic kushushikana, zvese kumanikidza uye kuwedzera.
Kana tikarangarira zvese zvine chekuita ne Tectonic mahwendefa tinokwanisa kuona kuti goko repasi rakaumbwa nemaplate akasiyana etekoniki uye haana kugadziriswa. Kune mafoni convection mazaya yejasi rinoita kuti mahwendefa afambe achienderera uye ichi ndicho chikonzero nei makondinendi ari mukuenderera kufamba. Naizvozvo, zvakapetwa zvinoumbwa nekuda kwekuvapo kwezvinhu zvakasiyana nepurasitiki kana hunhu hwakaremara senge sedimentary matombo.
Zvikamu zvedanga
Danga rega rega rine zvikamu zvakasiyana zvakakosha zvekuongorora. Iwo mapande ari ekupedzisira ndege dzinoita furu. 2 mativi anodikanwa kuti aumbe danga. Chinhu ichi chinogona kuturikirwa apo iwe unoteera pamusoro peapo panogadzirwa zvinhu.
Chimwe chikamu chedanga ndiyo axis kana hinge uye ndiwo mutsetse unoenderana nekukombama kukuru kwedanga uye kunoumbwa nekukonana pakati iwo mafuru uye akaturikidzana akasiyana kana stratification pamusoro. Ndege axial ndeimwe chikamu chedanga uye inoumbwa nemubatanidzwa pakati pemitsara yematemo eimwe nhete yedanga. Zvichienderana nean axial ndege yedanga rimwe nerimwe, ichave neakasiyana makona emakona.
Kupatsanura kwekupeta
Iye zvino tava kuzotaura nezvemhando dzakasiyana dzekupeta zvichienderana nekuumbwa uye chimiro. Kune nzira dzinoverengeka dzekupatsanura zvakapetwa uye zvakajairika ndeavo ane hukama nenzira iyo zvinhu zvakakosha zvinotungamirwa. Iyo axial ndege, axis uye kona pakati pemafanga ndizvo zvinoita mutsauko pakati perimwe rudzi rwekupeta neimwe.
Chikamu chekutanga chatinacho chinoenderana nechimiro chayo. Kurongwa uku kwakakamurwa kuita: anticline uye synclinal peta. Kune zvakare iyo yakaenzana fold. Chikamu chechipiri chakavakirwa pakunyuka kwendege yeaxial: pano isu tine iyo inoteedzera, inverted uye nhema nhema. Zvinoenderana neaxis yedanga isu tine cylindrical uye conical iwo.
Imwe yeasinga nyanyo shandiswa maratidziro ndeaya anoshandisa kona pakati pemakumbo. Pano isu tine zvinotevera zvakapetwa:
- Yakakombama zvisina kusimba, interlimbal angle yakakura kupfuura 120 °
- Vhura peta, interlimbal angle 70 ° kusvika 120 °
- Vhara peta, 30 ° kusvika 70 ° interlimbal angle
- Narrow fold, 10 ° kusvika 30 ° interlimbal angle
- Isoclinal peta, interlimbal angle = 0 °
Anticline uye syncline
Iyo anticline fold inoratidzwa nekuve neyakaumbika chimiro kumusoro. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti zvinhu zvidiki zvinogadzira danga zviri kumusoro, nepo izvo zvekare zviri kugadzira musimboti. Pane nguva apo isu tisingakwanise kuziva zera rezvinhu uye mune izvi zviitiko zvirinani kutumidza chimiro ichi se inopesana.
Kune rimwe divi, isu tine iyo synclinal peta. Hunhu hwayo hukuru ndewekuti concave yakananga kumusoro. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti zvidiki zvinhu zviri mumusoro, nepo izvo zvekare zvikaumba zasi. Nenzira imwecheteyo neiyo anticline fold, kana isu tisingazive kuti zvinhu zvacho zvakare sei, zvirinani kutumidza chimiro ichi se asina chimiro.
Kana isu tichipatsanura rudzi rwekupeta zvinoenderana nekunyudza kwendege yeaxial isu tinofanirwa kufunga nezve mhando yekona yatinayo. Muzviitiko izvi tinowana zvakaenzana, zvinorerekera, zvakapindirwa uye zvakapetwa zvakapetwa. Ese aya mafanga ane huwandu hwe 0 degrees kusvika 90 degrees.
Symmetrical folds ndea iyo iyo kona yakaumbwa neiyo axial ndege yakaenzana pamativi ese. Mune ino kesi, iyo kona iyo yainoita neayo axial ndege yakatwasuka. Rumwe rudzi rwekupeta rwakakomberedzwa nenzira yekuti rimwe remafanga riine hukuru hwedip nekuremekedza imwe.
Morphology yeiyo anticline uye synclinal panga
Tichatanga kurondedzera iyo anticline fold. Iyo ine pakati payo ine symmetrical axis. Mativi maviri eanticline anoratidza nzira dzakasiyana dzekurerekera. Iyo tambo yakasendamira zvachose kumafanga. Kubva pakati kusvika kumafanga iyo manto iri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma. Iyo manteo, zvisinei, pakati iri diki kana zero.
Isu tinoenderera kurondedzera iyo synclinal peta. Iyo yepakati ndiyo axis ye symmetry. Iwo mativi maviri eiyo syncline anoratidza akasiyana nzira dzekurerekera. Matanho emukati mayo anogara akatsamira kune iyo nucleus. Iyo manteo, mune ino kesi, zvakare zero. Tambo diki diki inobuda pakati uye mukuru achisara parutivi.
Kuti ukwanise kuona zvakapetwa mumamepu egeological, zviri nyore sekuziva kudzokororwa kwezvinhu zvakaenzana maererano nerukoko rwepakati. Uku ndiko kupindirana kweiyo axial ndege ine topographic pamusoro. Mukudzokorora uku kwezvinhu zvakaenzana hatifanirwe kufunga nezve kubuda kwezvinhu. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekutsvaira uye ukobvu hwenzvimbo yezvinhu Zvinoenderana nedhigiri redipiti iro zvinhu zvacho zvinepo uye nepamusoro pedu.
Sezvauri kuona, iyo nyaya yese yekupeta chinhu chakanyanya kuomarara. Ndinovimba ndakabatsira kuziva anticline uye syncline folds pamepu ye geologic.