Nyika yedu ichiri kuvanza zvakavanzika zvikuru, nzvimbo huru nenzvimbo diki, nzvimbo dziri kure idzo chete vafambi vanoshinga kushanyira kana kuwana, izvi zvakaitika kakawanda munguva yakapfuura. Mumwe wavo ndiye Zvitsuwa Pitikeni. Zviri pamutemo nzvimbo yeBritish Overseas Territory yePitcairn, Henderson, Ducie uye Oeno Islands. Inoumba chitsuwa chezvitsuwa chiri muPolynesia, muOceania.
Muchinyorwa chino tichakuudza nezve nhoroondo, maitiro uye maruva nemhuka zvePitcairn Islands.
Historia
Nhoroondo yePitcairn Islands yakatanga makore akapoteredza 800. Zvinotendwa kuti vagari vekutanga vakasvika pazvitsuwa mugore rino, uye vamwe vanotenda kuti vakabva kuPolynesia. Vagari ava vanogara pazvitsuwa zvePitcairn neHenderson, tichifunga kuti mamwe mapoka ezvitsuwa aya haana kukodzera kugara, kana kuti vanotenda kuti ndizvo.
Pane kutengeserana kunoenderera mberi pakati Pitcairn Island uye Henderson Island, uye kutengeserana neMangareva Island, iyo iri kure zvishoma kupfuura zvimwe zvitsuwa, inobvumira vagari kuti vave nezviwanikwa zvavanoshaya kuti vazviriritire.
Around 1500, huwandu hwevanhu veHenderson nePitcairn Islands vakatanga kunyangarika. Inofungidzirwa kuti njodzi yakasikwa yakaitika paMangareva Island, iyo inogona kunge yakakonzera kuparara kwemarudzi akawanda ayo uye vanhu, ichigumisa zvitsuwa zvose zvitatu.
Zvadaro, sezvo pakanga pasina kutengeserana pakati pezvitsuwa, vagari veHenderrose nePitcairn vakanga vasina mararamiro anodiwa ehupenyu, vakabatwa zvakananga uye zvishoma nezvishoma vakanyangarika. Kwemakore zana, Henderson Island, Dusi Island, uye Pitcairn Island hazvina kumboona vanhu kusvika zvazoonekwa nerwendo rwokuSpain rwaitungamirirwa nomufambisi wengarava wechiPutukezi Pedro Fernández de Quirós nevashandi vake. Izvi zvakaitika muna Ndira 26, 1606, asi izvi hazvina kugara
Makore zana nehafu gare gare, zvitsuwa zvakawanwazve, asi panguva ino zvakawanwa navafambisi vengarava vokuBritain, vakawana Pitcairn Island muna 1767, Dusey Island muna 1791, uye Henderson Island muna 1819. Oeno Island yakawanikwa muna 1824. Zvikurukuru, zvitsuwa izvi zvine mukurumbira wevapanduki kubva muchikepe chebounty, vakagara pachitsuwa ichi uye nokudaro vakava vekutanga vagari venguva dzose mumazana emakore. Izvi zvakaitika mugore ra1790, uye vazukuru vevapanduki ava vachiri kugara mairi.
Vazhinji vevanhu vanogara paPitcairn vazukuru vevapanduki vaiva mungarava yeBounty neshamwari dzavo dzokuTahiti. Vakanaka kwazvo, uye vamwe vokuBritain vanotogara muTahiti nomumwe wavo. Vanongogara muAdamstown Village. Iwo mahybrids eEurope nePolynesia. Kune huwandu hwehukama hwemhuri pakati pehuwandu, kana zvisina kudaro havazokwanisi kusiya vana. Ivo zvakare vane hukama hwepedyo neNorfolk Island. Muna 19337, chitsuwa chacho chaiva nevanhu vanopfuura 233, asi kutama, kunyanya kubva kuNew Zealand, kwakavaderedza kusvika pa59 chete.
Pitcairn Islands Economy
Mipata yePitcairn Island ine ivhu rakaorera zvikuru saka inobereka michero yakasiyana-siyana nemiriwo, kusanganisira mabhanana, manwiwa, mayam, nebhinzi. Vagari vechitsuwa chidiki ichi vanovimba nekuredza, kurima uye mabasa emaoko kuti vararame.
Simba guru rehupfumi pachitsuwa ichi rinobva pakutengeswa kwezvitambi nemari yevateresi, pamwe nekutengeswa kweuchi uye mamwe mabasa emaoko, ayo anotengeswa kune zvikepe mumugwagwa weAnglo-New Zealand kuburikidza nePanama Canal. Nekuda kwenzvimbo yechitsuwa, hapana chiteshi chengarava chakakura kana nzvimbo yekumhara, saka kutengeserana kunofanirwa kuitika kuburikidza nengarava dzinoshanyira ngarava.
Expedition kana vafambi vechikepe vanowanzo shanyira chitsuwa ichi nguva nenguva uye, mamiriro ekunze achibvumira, vanogona kuburuka kwezuva. Pane varume nevakadzi 15 chete vari pachitsuwa chacho.
Mumvura iri pedyo nePitcairn Island kune hove dzakawanda, lobster uye hove dzakasiyana-siyana, dzinobatwa kuti dzirarame kwevagari vechitsuwa ichi uye dzinotakurwa sechikafu kune zvikepe zvinomira pachitsuwa.
Vagari vanoenda kunobata hove mazuva ese, kungave kunobata hove, kuredza nechikepe chehove, kana kunyura nepfuti yeharpoon. Nokuti kune marudzi akawanda ehove, dzakadai seNanwee, Whitefish, Moi, uye Opapa dzinobatwa mumvura isina kudzika, Snapper, Big Eye, neCod dzinobatwa mumvura yakadzika, uye Yellowtail neWahoo dzinobatwa muzvikepe zvinokukurwa. Kudya kana kutengesa.
Flora nemhuka dzezvitsuwa zvePitcairn
Zvinenge zvinomera zvipfumbamwe zvakawanwa paPitcairn Island; Pakati pazvo, mhando yemiti inonzi tapa, iyo yaiva yakakosha yehuni munguva dzekare uye zvakare huru nehe fern (Angiopteris chauliodonta). Mamwe, akadai sema raspberries ( Coprosma rapensis var benefica ), ari munjodzi. Zvitsuwa zvePitcairn ndeimwe yenzvimbo mbiri pasi pano panowanikwa Glochidion pitcairnense zvirimwa, uye imwe yacho Mangareva.
Kune rimwe divi, isu tine mhuka dzechitsuwa, kwatinowana isingawanzo uye inonakidza mharidzo, hofori kamba yeGalapagos Islands. Kamba yasara ndiyo imwe yeshanu idzodzo Vakasvika paPitcairn pakati pa1937 na1951. Vanofungidzirwa kuti vakaunzwa kuchitsuwa nekaputeni we96-foot Yankee brig.
Mai T, vanozivikanwawo seTurpen, ikamba yemugungwa inogara muTedside muWestport. Gwaro redziviriro rinoti imhosva kune chero munhu kuuraya, kukuvadza, kubata, kukuvadza kana kukonzera kukuvadza kana kushushikana kwekamba dzemugungwa. Pachitsuwa iwe unogonawo kuwana mhando dzakasiyana dzeshiri, dziri dzemapoka akasiyana. Idzi dzinobva kushiri dzemumvura nemhuka dzemumvura kusvika kune dzimwe dzisiri dzemumvura. Pakati pemarudzi makumi maviri eshiri, pane 20 marudzi paHenderson Island, kusanganisira Henderson Chick uye Landbirds.
Pakati peshiri dzinogara Pitcairn, dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa iAustralian tern ( Sternula nereis ), Saint Felix tern ( Anous stolidus ) uye red-tailed tern ( Phaethon rubricauda ). Iyo Pitcairn parrot (Acrocephalus vaughani), inozivikanwawo se "shiri duku" nevagari, inowanikwa kuPitcairn Islands, yaimbove yakajairika, asi kubvira 2008 yakanzi imhuka iri mungozi.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezvePitcairn Islands uye maitiro avo.