Kune akawanda marudzi emakomo anoputika munyika zvichienderana nehunhu hwawo, kwaakabva uye rudzi rwekuputika. Imwe yeakanyanya kukosha ndeye Stromboli volcano. Iri rudzi rwekuda kuziva rwegomo rinoputika nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwakasiyana izvo zvaita kuti rifarire zvikuru munharaunda yesainzi.
Nechikonzero ichi, isu tichakumikidza chinyorwa ichi kuti tikuudze zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezve Stromboli volcano, maitiro ayo, mavambo uye rudzi rwekuputika.
Stromboli volcano
Stromboli nderimwe remakomo akareba kwazvo anoputika ane makore 2000 XNUMX enhoroondo yechiitiko. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, zvinoratidzwa nekuti zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvehurefu hwayo hwose huri pasi pemvura.
Zita rake ishanduro yechiItalian yezita rake rekare rechiGiriki Στρογγυλή (Strogule), zvichireva kuti "denderedzwa" kana "denderedzwa". Izvi zvinokonzerwa nechimiro chepamusoro paro, chikamu chetatu chegomo rinoputika rinobuda mugungwa.
Chimwe chinhu chinonakidza pamusoro peColossus iyi ndechekuti yakanzi World Heritage Site neUNESCO muna 2000, pamwe chete nedzimwe nzvimbo dzeAeolian Islands, nekuda kwekubatsira kwayo kukuru kumunda wekuputika kwemakomo kubvira kare, sekuwanikwa kweVulcanians uye. strombolians.
Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro, Stromboli ndeimwe yeAeolian Islands iri muTyrrhenian Sea muItaly. Icho chikamu cheguta reLipari, iro zvakare riri chikamu cheMetropolis yeMessina. Makonari ayo ari 38°47'39″N 15°13'04″E.
Pakati pezvikamu zvaro tine:
- Volcano mhando: stratovolcano.
- Chikamu: Solidified lava.
- Maguta ari padyo: Metropolis yeMessina.
- Kutyisidzira Kunobvira: Pakati nepakati.
- Altitude: 926 metres pamusoro pegungwa, 2000 metres pamusoro pegungwa.
- Nzvimbo: 12,19 square kilometers.
- Inofungidzirwa kuputika kwekutanga: makore 6.050.
- Kuputika kwekupedzisira kurekodhwa: 350 BC. C.—Chaizvo.
Ko gomo reSromboli rine ngozi zvakadii?
Kunyange zvazvo ichokwadi kuti gomo rinoputika harina kuonekwa sechinhu chinotyisa, hatigoni kuramba kuti kusagadzikana kwayo kunogona kutyisidzira vagari vechitsuwa chacho, saka zvakakosha kuti tidzidze mberi.
Munhoroondo yayo, Stromboli atora hupenyu hwevanhu gumi nemumwe uye akakuvadza vamwe vakawanda nenzira dzakasiyana. Huwandu hwevanhu vanotyisidzirwa zvakananga necolossus vanosvika mazana mana vanhu, nhamba yevanhu vanogara muIslam. Zvisinei, kana pakaitika kuputika kwechisimba zvechokwadi, kunogona kuisa mungozi upenyu hwevagari vezvitsuwa zvakapoteredza, izvo zvinopfuura vagari vemo 400 10.000.
kuputika kwegomo
Kunyangwe basa rekuputika kwemakomo kwave kuenderera kweanenge makore 2360, kune tumapundu tushomanana twakasiyana nemhomho. Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti izvi zvisati zvaitika, zvinofungidzirwa kuti kuputika kukuru kwe8 kwakaitika pakati pe6050 ne4050 BC. C uye 8 vamwe munhamba iyi. Tichataura pamusoro pekupedzisira pazasi.
Kuputika kushanu chete kwakauraya: 1919, 1930, 1986, 2001 uye 2019.. Kuputika kwakaitika muna 1919 kwakabvisa matombo makuru akawira pedyo nenharaunda mbiri dziri pedyo, akauraya vanhu vana uye akatanga tsunami. Kuputika kwa1930 kwakabudisa mamwe matani 30 e<em>magma, ayo akaguma atora upenyu hwevamwe vanhu vana munharaunda dzakasiyana-siyana dzakapoteredza gomo racho.
Muna 1986, mumwe murume akasvika kumucheto kwegomba racho parakaputika, uye zvinosuruvarisa kuti chidimbu chebota chakauraya pakarepo. Kune rumwe rutivi, boka revashanyi rakanga richishanyira nharaunda yegomo iri muna 2001, apo rakaputika sekare, uye chidimbu chebota chakauraya mumwe wavo. Tichataura nezvekuputika kwe2019 muchikamu chinotevera.
Stromboli eruption muna 2016 kusvika zvino
Muna 2016, basa regomo rinoputika rakawedzera zvakanyanya uye rakaramba rakadaro (kunze kwechinguva chiduku chekuita kwenguva pfupi) kusvika nhasi. Pana Gumiguru 21, 2016, kuputika kwemakomo kwakawanda kwakaonekwa, asi vakanga vasingamiriri njodzi ipi neipi inokosha kuvanhuwo zvavo.
Zvino, muna 2017, kwakave nekuputika kuina kwekusimba kuri pakati nepakati, nekuputika kukuru kwemadota uye madhaka madiki akateuka akaonekwa kuchamhembe kwehemisphere yegomba. Kunyange zvakadaro, vagari vepachitsuwa chacho havana kutambura chero tsaona.
Muhafu yekutanga ye2018, gomo racho rakanga risingaite, kunze kwekuputika kukuru kwemapuraneti maviri ayo asina kutyisidzira. Zvisinei, muhafu yechipiri yegore, mamwe mamhepo eStromboli aiputika kanopfuura ka60 paawa. Iyo Italian Civil Protection yakazivisa kuti haina kugadzikana uye yakatanga kuiongorora zvakanyanya kuti ibudise vagari kana pakaitika tsaona.
Stromboli yakatanga 2019 inoshanda zvakanyanya. Kune kuputika kwakati wandei uye ine mwero bota rinoyerera muna Ndira. Muna Kukadzi naKurume, gomo rinoputika rakasimudzwa nekuita kushoma, uye Chivabvu chakaramba chakafanana nezvimwe zvidiki zvishoma.
Zvisinei, musi waChikunguru 3 wegore rimwe chetero, gomo rinoputika nechisimba zvakare, ichibudisa utsi hwakakora makiromita matatu kubva pakakwirira, ichibudisa madota, matombo nemabota. Chiitiko chacho chakaita kuti mumwe afa uye mumwe akuvara. Mushure mechiitiko ichi, 3 mamwe mabhomba madiki akarekodhwa pasina kukonzeresa chero matambudziko, uye yakaderera-chiitiko mamiriro akazodzorerwa.
Zuva
Iyo magma inopisa inoonekwa zvakananga kubva pamusoro pegomo rinoputika. Kwira pagomo rinoputika reStromboli masikati, ibva paPro Loco Tourist Office muFicogrande, svika pacaldera (200m pazasi pepamusoro pepamusoro) pakuvira kwezuva uye tarisa chiratidziro chemirazvo yemoto usiku pakati pekugutsurira. Nzira yemaawa mana kana matanhatu haina kukodzera vanhu vakapfeka shangu, kunyanya kutambanudza kwekupedzisira kwegomba rinoputika kunoita kuti utore nhanho mbiri kumashure pamatanho maviri ega ega kumberi.
Zvipfeko zvinodziya, mvura yakawanda, chikafu uye mabhegi ekurara zvakakosha parwendo runonakidza rwekuenda kugomo rinoputika. Zvisinei, kuputika kunopenya kunokwazisa vashanyi negomo rinoputika kwakakodzera chero kuedza. Kukwira kunopera pa364 m pamusoro pegungwa. Crater, funnel yakakura, inogara ichiburitsa fumaroles, panobva mhute yesarufa inoburitswa pakati pe100 ne200ºC. Izvo zvakachengeteka kushanya, kunyangwe paine yambiro yemazuva ese uye yambiro gore rega rega, hazvikurudzirwe kugara kure nekushanya kunotungamirwa kana kuedza kudzika gomo rega kana husiku.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve Stromboli volcano uye maitiro ayo.