El Sonoran renje chikamu chemukoridho wakakura wenzvimbo dzakaoma muNorth America inotambanukira kubva kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweWashington kuenda kudunhu reHidalgo pakati pemakomo eMexico, uye kubva pakati peTexas kuenda kumhenderekedzo yegungwa. Baja California Peninsula.
Muchinyorwa chino tichakuudza zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezve renje reSonoran, maitiro aro uye kukosha kwaro.
Mhando huru
Iyi corridor yakaoma inosvika miriyoni imwe square kilometers yakakamurwa kuita marenje makuru mana:
- The Great Basin.
- The Mojave Desert.
- Renje reSonoran.
- Chihuahuan Desert.
The Greater Chihuahuan Desert ine nhevedzano yenzvimbo dzakadzika dzakatenderedza Gulf yeCalifornia kana Gungwa reCortez. Kunyangwe chiri chinhu chimwe chete muUnited States, kana ichipinda muMexico chinopinda munzvimbo isina mvura yekondinendi, inozivikanwa nehunyanzvi seSonoran Desert, uye renje remahombekombe rinotambanukira richitevedza Baja California peninsula. Inozivikanwa seBaja California Desert.
Iyi yakaoma Sonora-Baja California renje, sezvatinoitsanangura pano, inosanganisira 101,291 mativi emakiromita erenje reBaja California uye 223,009 makiromita mativi erenje rechokwadi reSonoran. Pakazara, 29 muzana (93,665 square kilometers) yenzvimbo iyi yerenje iri muUnited States, uye yasara 71 muzana (230,635 square kilometers) muMexico. Isu tinofungidzira kuti kusvika 80% yenzvimbo yerenje inoramba iripo
Kuenzaniswa nenharaunda yakapoteredza, makomo ari muSonoran Desert havana kukwirira, paavhareji, anenge 305 metres. Makomo anozivikanwa zvikuru makomo eChocolate neChaquewara muCalifornia, makomo eCofa neHaquajara muArizona, uye makomo ePinacote muMexico.
Sonoran Desert Climate
Nzvimbo iyi ndeimwe yeakanyanya kuoma uye anopisa zvakanyanya muNorth America, nekudziya kwezhizha kunodarika 38°C. Nguva yechando haina kupfava, uye tembiricha yaNdira iri pakati pe10ºC kusvika 16ºC. Magwenga mazhinji anowana mvura isingasviki 250 mm pagore. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, inenge yose yemvura inoshandiswa inobva pasi pevhu kana kubva kunzizi dzakasiyana-siyana, dzakadai seColorado, Gila, Munyu, Yaqui, Fuerte neSinaloa, iyo inoyambuka mugwenga kubva kumakomo nenzvimbo dzakapoteredza.
Kurima kwemadiridziro chikamu chakakosha chehupfumi hwenharaunda, uye tafura yemvura yakaderera zvikuru kubva kuma 1960. Central Arizona Project inzvimbo huru yekugadzira mvura inopa mamiriyoni emarita emvura zuva rega rega. kubva kuRwizi rweColorado kusvika kurenje rekumabvazuva, kunyanya nzvimbo dzePhoenix neTucson.
Flora
Munharaunda iyi yakakura, maruva anoenda nepakati pezvikamu zviviri, mwaka wakaorera uye mwaka wakaoma, iyo inonyanya kuoma kune mhuka dzinogara mairi. Kufanana nemagwenga makuru eNorth America, gwenga reSonoran rinoratidzwa necacti huru, rudzi rwecacti rinowanzoonekwa mumafirimu emombe. Aya cacti anonakidza anokura muhukuru kubva pakukura kwechigunwe kusvika ku15 m, havana mashizha, vane minzwa yekuzvidzivirira kubva kumhuka dzine nyota, vane dzinde rinonhuhwirira, midzi yavo yakagadzirirwa kuteya mvura yakawanda sezvinobvira. Inogona kusvika matani gumi, mana-mashanu kana kupfuura ayo ari mvura. Vanogonawo kurarama makore anosvika mazana maviri uye kukura zvishoma nezvishoma, vachikura mita pamakore makumi maviri kusvika makumi mashanu ega ega.
Nepo gwenga iri nyika iri yoga uye sezviri pachena isina chinhu mukati mekusanaya kwemvura, apo mvura yokutanga inonaya, upenyu hunoonekazve separadhiso. Zvose zvizere neruvara cacti inotumbuka mubhuruu, tsvuku, yero uye chena, matatya achibuda kubva pamibhedha yakaoma kubva mumadziva kuti ibereke, mhodzi dzedandelion dzakarara dzinotumbuka uye dzinobereka mbeu dzakawanda kuti dzive nechokwadi chekusafa kwadzo.
Zvose zvinova nyika yakasvibira uye ine mavara. Miti yakadai sepalo blanco, palo iron, toote, palo verde, uye mesquite ine mamwe masisitimu ekugadzirisa, akadai sekukura pamahombekombe erukova nemakomo, mapfupi pane mhepo inobhadhara, uye vane huni dzakaoma zvikuru uye midzi yakareba inogona kupera. Pedzisa pasi kusvika wawana dura. Semuyenzaniso, muti wemhungu unenge wadzika midzi uchiri mudiki, asi ukangowana mvura unomera.
Sonoran Desert Wildlife
Uyewo, mhuka dzomugwenga reSonoran dzinoshandisa nzira yadzo yokurarama nayo, uye zvipembenene zvakaita sedandemutande nezvinyavada zvakadzidza kurarama zvakanaka munyika ino yakasiyana. Mamwe mazai eshrimp anorara mumadziva akaoma, uye paanozadza, mhuka dzacho dzinotanga kurarama. Zvinoshamisa sezvingaite senge, kune dzinenge 20 marudzi ehove mumagwenga eUnited States neSonora, uye mumwe nemumwe wavo akawanawo nzira yekurarama mumamiriro ekunze anopesana nehunhu hwavo. Nekune rimwe divi, kunewo zvipuka zvakawanda zvinokambaira zvakaita semadzvinyu, iguana, madzvinyu, nyoka, kamba nenyoka dzinoita misha yadzo mugwenga.
Shiri dziripowo, uye masikati muAguayes unogona kuona shiri duku, mhuni, njiva, zvihuta uye vafambi vachiuya kuzonwa, uye maviri ekupedzisira aya anogona kuonekwa achimhanya nemumakwenzi. Kunewo shiri dzinodya nyama, dzakadai seshiri duku, dzinodya shiri duku nemakonzo, zvakadai segonzo rekangaroo kana kuti kancito.
Zvimwe zvipenyu zvemugwenga reSonoran zvinoumbwa nemhuka dzinoyamwisa, dzakawanda dzacho, semhungu, makava, makonzo, tsuro netsuro, dzinogara mumigodhi yepasi pevhu yakanyatsoparadzaniswa nenyika yekunze, zvose kubva mukupisa nezuva, kutonhora nekusanaya kwemvura. , vachaunganidza zvokudya mudzimba idzi kuti vararame. Nekudaro, macougars anogara mumapako uye mudzimba dzematombo.
Dzimwe mhuka dzemurenje sehwai nenyanga dzemhembwe dzinogara pamatombo asingasvikike nemakomoMikombe yokuvhima inokosheswa nokuda kwenyanga dzadzo dzakanaka, ndokusaka vanovhima zvisiri pamutemo nguva dzose vachidzitsvaka ndokudziisa pedyo nokutsakatika.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve renje reSonoran uye maitiro aro.