Yakapfuma mune ngano uye nzvimbo, iyo Rwizi rweEbro Inotinyudza mukufungidzira kwenzvimbo dzakaisvonaka, mipata, makomo nemaguta akanaka, kuva neropafadzo yokuiona ichifamba makiromita ayo 930 pakureba, ichiita kuti ive rwizi rwakareba zvikurusa muSpain. Panzvimbo yechipiri, kuseri kwerwizi rweDuero muIberian Peninsula.
Muchikamu chino tichakuudza zvose zvaunoda kuziva pamusoro peEbro River, maitiro ayo, muromo uye nezvimwe zvakawanda.
Mhando huru
Rwizi rweEbro rwunoonekwa serwizi rwakareba uye rwakakura muSpain uye nzira yarwo iri mukati menzvimbo yeSpanish, inova imwe yeakakosha maitiro sezvo ichitanga pasi rose mumutsara uyu.
Kana iri nzvimbo yeRwizi rweEbro, vanhu vazhinji vanoshamisika kuti Rwizi rweEbro runotangira papi. Inoberekerwa muCantabria, uye rwizi rweEbro runoyerera nemuGungwa reMediterranean kuenda kuTarragona, Spain. Nzira yerwizi rweEbro inotanga paPico Tres Mares pa2.175 metres pamusoro pegungwa, pakupatsanurwa pakati pemabheseni matatu akasiyana eSierra de Hijar, apo mvura inodzika pasi nemateru yakananga kumakungwa matatu anoganhurana peninsula, The Nanza uye. nzizi dzeCantabrian dzakaganhurwa negungwa, rwizi rwePisurga rwakaganhurwa neAtlantic Ocean, uye rwizi Ebro rwakaganhurwa neGungwa reMeditera.
Inopfuura nemunzvimbo yeCampoo Los Valles kana Valle de Campoo kusvika yasvika kuEbro Gorge kuburikidza nedunhu reBurgos. Inoganhurwa nePyrenees, Iberian system uye zvikomo zveEurope.
Kubva kuBurgos kuenda kuLa Rioja munharaunda yeSpanish, kubva panoumbwa Las Conchas de Haro kana Conchas de Ebro, nzira yechisikigo yeraimu inopa hupenyu kune isingaenzaniswi yakasikwa nzvimbo, inofamba nemumaguta akati wandei muSpain kusvika yasvika Logroño, iyo guta guru reLa Rioja. Kubva kune yekupedzisira kuenda kuNavarra, unogeza mumataundi akasiyana munzira, rimwe nerimwe rine hunhu hwaro uye nhoroondo, kusvika wasvika kuCatalonia.
Muromo weRwizi rweEbro
Muromo weRwizi rweEbro uri mutaundi reTarragona, richigadzira delta pamuromo weGungwa reMediterranean. Kune chitsuwa chikuru cheBuda muCatalonia, uye kuyerera kwerwizi kwakakamurwa kuita maoko maviri anonzi Golas Norte uye Golas Sur. Kune zvakare Ebro Delta Natural Park, iyo inovhara 20% yedelta uye inobatsira kubva pakuva nzvimbo yakachengetedzwa zviri pamutemo. Rwizi Segura ruchiri kubva mugungwa iri.
Yakagadzirwa muna 1983, paki ndiyo nzvimbo huru yemvura muCatalonia, ine mahekita 7.802; minda yekurima, kunyanya minda yemupunga, inotora chikamu che80% chasara, chinosvika mahekita anodarika zviuru makumi maviri nerimwe, izvo zvinotaura zvakawanda pamusoro pekukosha kwezvirimwa izvi mudunhu.
Kuyerera kwerwizi rweEbro kunosvika 600 cubic metres pasekondi, asi inomira pachena nekusiyana kwayo, kubvira. inogona kubva pa440 cubic metres mumwedzi mumwe kusvika pa2896 cubic metres mune mumwe. Mafashamo enzizi anowanzoitika munguva yekutonhora, anonyanya kuzivikanwa uye anoparadza ari aya anoitika muCastejón neZaragoza.
Pakave nekuderera kukuru kubva kuma1960 (18.286,7 hm3/gore) kusvika gore rino 2017, dhorobha reEl Pilar raive nekushomeka kwe35 m3/s. Iyo Duero haisi mumamiriro akanaka, nekuyerera kwe6 m3 / s munaAugust gore rino.
Rwizi rweOrinoco rwakaziviswa nekuchenjerera nekuda kwehuwandu hwemvura, sezvo rwakanga rwava pedyo nekupfuura mucherechedzo wa1976 pawakasvika kupfuura mamita makumi matatu nemashanu pakureba, zvichikonzera mafashamo munzvimbo dzakaderera.
Ebro river basin
Ndiyo triangle uye Iyo ine nharaunda ye85.362 square kilometers uye ine chikamu chikuru muSpain. Iye zvakare anotamba mune mashoma e slots muAndorra neFrance. Dunhu rayo rine vanhu vakawanda kana guta iZaragoza, parizvino inopfuura 700.000 vagari (2017).
Zvinofungidzirwa kuti 1,7 miriyoni vashanyi vanoshanyira yakaderera Ebro gore rega rega, vese vachifamba nekufamba, vachishandisa mabhati ayo anopisa, kubata hove uye kumisasa kudzidzira mitambo yakanyanyisa senge canyoning, rafting, kayaking nezvimwe.
Zvinotyisa
Kune zvakawanda zvinotyisidzira kurwizi rweEbro, kusanganisira kusvibiswa, kuderera uye mafashamo, ayo anotyisidzira uye anokonzera njodzi dzakawanda, dzakatsanangurwa pazasi. Zaragoza ndiyo yaive nzvimbo yekupedzisira kukanganiswa nemafashama akasimba erwizi, kakawanda uye kakawanda nekuda kwemvura inoenderera uye kushaikwa kwekufanoona kwevagari vemo, pamwe nekusava nehanya kwehurumende, kushaikwa kwechirongwa chekuchera, izvo zvakakonzera zvinhu zvakanyanya uye kukanganisa kwevanhu, kucheneswa nekuchengetedzwa kwerwizi.
Iko mukana wekunyura muEbro Delta hausi kure, ne isingasviki 50% yepasi payo pasi pegungwa. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekunzwa kwayo kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kunokonzera kukwira kwegungwa. Mabasa ekurima, kupfuya mombe nemaindasitiri ari kuramba achiparadza mubheseni. MuSpain, rwizi ecosystem yeEbro iri kuderera uye kunaka kwemvura kune vagari vebheseni kuri kuwedzera.
Kuvapo kwenitrate, ammonium, nitrite, mishonga yezvipembenene nezvimwe zvinhu zvemakemikari mumamiriyoni matatu mahekita evhu rinorimika zvinopawo kuparara kwevhu, madhamu nezvimwe. Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa munzizi dzakawanda muAmerica, Europe nedzimwe makondinendi, muArgentina Rwizi rweParaná nderimwe razvo.
madhamu
Kusiyana nemabhenefiti ekuva nemapopoma anopfuura mazana mana nemakumi mashanu nenomwe nezvirimwa zvemagetsi emvura, inoonekwa senjodzi kuhupenyu hwese hwerwizi nevagari varwo, kunyanya muRibarroja, Flix neMequinenza muLower Ebro. Pamusoro peiyo iripo, Spain yakaronga chirongwa che hydrological ye 457-2010, umo zvakarongwa kuisa mamwe hydroelectric zvidyarwa zve. wedzera huwandu hwayo hwazvino hwe3.894,5 Mw, uchishandisa 38.000 hm3 yemvura pagore..
Sezvaunogona kuona, kune zvikonzero zvakawanda nei rwizi urwu rwuri rwakakosha zvikuru muSpain. Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezveEbro River, maitiro ayo uye kukosha kwemuromo wayo.