Nhasi tichataura nezverwizi rwechipiri rurefu muEurope. Zvayo ndezve Rwizi rweDanube. Inofungidzirwa sedziva rezvisikwa rekupfuma mune zvinomera nemhuka mune izvo zvinopfuura zviuru zvina zvemarudzi emhuka uye chiuru chezvirimwa zvinogara munzira yazvo. Iyo ine runako rukuru iyo inomira kunze kune zvakare kuve neakakwira ecological kukosha. Kukosha kwayo kuri mune yayo yechisikigo, yekutengesa uye yezvakatipoteredza kukosha.
Tiri kukuudza zvese hunhu hweRwizi rweDanube uye kuti zvakakosha sei zviri zviviri zvakasununguka, zvekutengesa uye nharaunda.
Mhando huru
Kwayakabva kunotangira musango dema reGerman. Mukufamba kwaro kwese inofamba pamusoro penyika gumi mukati nepakati kumabvazuva kweEurope. Kune izvi zvinowedzerwa kuti inodarika nemisoro mikuru yeEuropean yakanyanya kukosha uye inoguma ichiyerera ichienda kuGungwa Dema. Sango dema kwarinozvarirwa riri munzvimbo ine makomo masifidhi ayo anoonekwa senzvimbo yekukwezva kwevashanyi.
Pakati penyika dzinoyambuka tine zvinotevera:
- Ukraine
- Moldavia
- Alemania
- Ositiriya
- Slovakia
- Hungary
- Serbia
- Croacia
- Bharugeriya
- Romania
Kwayakabva ndiko kusangana kwenzizi mbiri dzinonzi Brigach neBreg. Inodira muGungwa Dema muRomania. Yero kuyerera kwayo kwakakura zvakakwana izvo inofamba nechikepe kwemakiromita anopfuura 2.860 XNUMX pakureba. Izvi zvinoita rwizi rwechipiri rwakareba rwizi muEurope yese mushure merwizi rweVolga muRussia.
MuDanube River Basin tinowana nzvimbo inosvika zviuru mazana masere emakiromita uye inoyambuka nyika dzinopfuura gumi zvachose. Vanogona kusiyaniswa kuseri kwenzvimbo dzinozivikanwa munzvimbo yekufamba kwerwizi. Imwe yacho ndiko kutanga kwerwizi kuenda kuBratislava. Kubva kwauri unogona chimwe chikamu tinogona kuchipatsanura kubva kuBratislava kuenda kuma Iron Gates pakati peSerbia neRomania. Chikamu chekupedzisira cherwizi urwu chinobva kudivi iri kusvika pamuromo peGungwa Dema.
Zvichida chikamu chakakosha kwazvo chichava cheGedhi reIron, sezvo paine mafambisirwo anonzi Natural Gorges ,, Golubac, Gospodin neKazan, ayo ari iwo anodzvinyirira kupfuura kwezvikepe zvese nekuti munzvimbo ino zvinotetepa nzira yerwizi.
Hunhu hweDanube rwizi rwizi
Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvebheseni rerwizi urwu ndechekuti inokwanisa kufamba mugungwa munenge mukuzara kwayo kwese nekutenderera kukuru kwainako. Sezvo zvikamu zveGerman zvinosangana zvakawanda mutero dziri kufamba kubva kunzvimbo dzakakosha dzekurima. Iyo zvakare ine kuyerera kwakanyanya mukuenderana nezinga reBasin. Haifambiki nenzira yemotokari kana ichienzaniswa nedzimwe nzizi huru muEurope. Ndokunge, kunyangwe ichifamba, ichienda zvishoma, haina mukana wakawanda wekutakura mota dzakawandisa.
Inoonekwa sekunge yaive Amazon yeEurope uye yakakosha rwizi rwenyika. Kwete chete nekuda kwekukosha kwayo kwehupfumi uye kwezvakatipoteredza, asi zvakare nekuti ine nharaunda dzakanaka munzira yayo.
Munharaunda iyi yose tinowana mhuka dzakapfuma. Rwizi rweDanube runogara kumarudzi mazhinji esalmon, shiri, sturgeons, nezvimwe. Panyaya yemaruva, isu zvakare tine marudzi akasiyana siyana anowanikwa mumasango nenzvimbo hombe dzemapani ayo anoumba zvimwe zvezvinhu zvakapfuma muEurope. Isu tatoziva kuti mazhinji ezvisikwa anowanikwa mune akasiyana ecosystems ari kumahombekombe uye akakomberedza nzizi dzese.
Pakati pemhando dzakakosha dzemumvura dzatinowana murwizi urwu (pane marudzi anodarika makumi manomwe) isu tine sturgeon, caviar, shad, European languid nemamwe mollusks nemaamphibians. Isu tine zvakare husingaverengeke mhondi, cormorants uye pelicans.
Pane poindi apo iyo Danube iri kumashure uye inosangana nerwizi Rhine. Iri rwizi rwunokonzera kuti mvura dzeDanube dziyerere dzichipinda muGungwa Dema.
Kukosha kwerwizi rweDanube
Kukosha kwerwizi urwu hakuna chete munhamba yenyika dzainoyambuka asiwo mune dzakawanda dzemaguta makuru. Kubva pane izvi zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti zvakakosha, kunyanya nekuti ine migero yemvura inoshanda semabhiriji epasi rese ezvekurima, hove, vashanyi, vekutengesa nevemaindasitiri.
Ndirwo rwizi rwunoshandiswa zvakanyanya sekutakura kwekutengesa. Nyika dzinopfuura napo neRwizi rwaDanube dzinobatsirwa nenyaya yekuti rwizi urwu runogona kufamba kuti ugone takura zvigadzirwa zvemota, simbi, njanji, kemikari, oiri chikamu, etc. Mimwe yemhando dzinozivikanwa dzemotokari ndidzo dzinoshandisa nzira iyi kutakura zvinhu. Kana tsika yekushandisa rwizi urwu kutakura ikaramba ichiwedzera, zvinofungidzirwa kuti mumakore gumi anotevera rwizi rwokufambisa parwizi urwu rwuchapetwa kaviri.
Izvo zvakare zvakakosha maererano nemidziyo yayo. Pakati perwendo rwayo o une akati wandei magetsi anogadzira zvirimwa mumidziyo dzakasiyana idzo dzakavakwa. Kune maindasitiri, zvekurima nekuredza hove, aya matura ane hupfumi hwakawanda. Mudziyo unonyanya kukosha ndewomukova weIron. Iyo ikambani hombe yakavakwa muma60s kuti ikwanise kutora mukana wekuyerera kwerwizi urwu uye nekushandura kuita simba remagetsi. Uye zvakare, inoshanda zvakare kugadzirisa kuyerera kwekufamba-famba uko panguva iyoyo kwaive nengozi zvakanyanya nekuda kwemafungu emvura emvura akasimuka neakadai masimba emhepo.
Zvese izvi zvakabatsira kushanya kuti ufarirwe sezvo paine kuyerera kukuru kwezvikepe, mhando dzakasiyana dzezvikepe kwaunogona kuita rwendo gore rese uye neiro rinoshanyirwa nezviuru zvevashanyi vanobva pasirese pasirese.
Kusvibisa nemafashama
Izvo zvakashata nezverwizi urwu nderekuti ine zvakashata zvinoverengeka. Imwe ndeye murume iyeye kumvura yakasvibiswa kuburikidza maindasitiri, marara uye kushandiswa kwakanyanya zviwanikwa zviisa mhando dzakasiyana dzemiti nemhuka munjodzi yekutsakatika. Kuvakwa kwemadhamu, midziyo zvakare kunokanganisa zvakasarudzika chiyero cherwizi.
Mvura inobva kurima inoshatiswa zvakare nekupararira kwefetiraiza nemishonga yezvipembenene isina drainage yakanaka. Zvese izvi zvinotyisidzira kupona kweye sturgeon, beaver, dhongi uye yeEuropean turtle kamba.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve rakadai rwizi rweDanube.