Zvirokwazvo wakambonzwa nezvake Maikironezhiya pamwe chete nePolynesia neMelanesia. Idzi inzvimbo dziri muPacific Ocean dzinogara zvitsuwa zvine nyika dzakabatanidzwa. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti seti yezvitsuwa chikamu chekondinendi ichitaura mune zvematongerwo enyika. Zvitsuwa izvi zvine hupfumi uye vashanyi vanofarira.
Nechikonzero ichi, isu tichakumikidza chinyorwa ichi kukuudza zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezveMicronesia uye maitiro ayo.
Chii chinonzi Micronesia
Micronesia inzvimbo iri muPacific Ocean uye chikamu chekondinendi inoumbwa zvakanyanya nezvitsuwa uye akati wandei archipelagos: Oceania. Micronesia ine mazana ezvitsuwa zviduku zvakapararira kumadokero kwePacific Ocean uye yakakamurwa mune zvematongerwe enyika kuva nharaunda 8.. Huwandu hwevanhu veMicronesia hunosvika mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu ezviuru.
Kune nyika shanu dzakazvimiririra, Palau, Federated States of Micronesia, Kiribati, Nauru neMarshall Islands, asi kunewo matunhu matatu anotsamira nyika dzeUnited States, anoti: Northern Mariana Islands, Wake neGuam. Kudzora kwezvitsuwa kwakachinja maoko kakawanda mukati mezana ramakore rechi 5 nehafu yokutanga yezana ramakore rechi 3.
Kune mitauro yakati wandei yemuno muMicronesia, iri chikamu chemutauro weAustria, uyo wakakamurwazve mumitauro yeOceanian nePolynesia. Kunyange zvakadaro, Chirungu chinoramba chiri mutauro unotaurwa nevakawanda pachitsuwa chacho, uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo, kunyanya Guam, kune vagari vanotaura chiSpanish nokuda kwezvikonzero zvechitendero.
Micronesia ndeimwe yematunhu matatu makuru etsika munzvimbo ino yePacific Ocean, mamwe maviri ari Melanesia nePolynesia.
Dzimwe nhoroondo
Zita reMicronesia rinoreva “zvitsuwa zviduku” muchiGiriki, asi mufambisi wengarava wechiPutukezi Ferdinand Magellan, muEurope wokutanga kusvika munharaunda yacho muna 1521, akazvidana kuti “zvitsuwa zvemakororo,” zvichida nemhaka yokuti zvakarwiswa navanhu vomunzvimbomo. .Mukukudza Mambo Carlos II weSpain, Spain yakabhabhatidza zvitsuwa zvine zita reLas Carolinas kusvika 1885 apo maGermany akauya akaedza kuisa chidziviriro.
Hurumende yeSpain yakatsutsumwa ndokukwidza nyaya yacho kuVatican. Chibvumirano cheParis muna Zvita 1898 chakagumisa hondo pakati peSpain neUnited States. Madrid akatengesa Carolinas kuGermany kwemamiriyoni makumi maviri nemashanu pesetas. Muna 1914, Japan yakatora zvitsuwa ndokubvumirana neUnited States pachirongwa chokubvisa mauto munzvimbo yacho yose, asi chibvumirano ichocho chakaparara muna 1935. Kurwisa kwemauto eUnited States Air Force paPearl Harbor kwakatanga muMicronesia.
Muna 1947, United Nations Security Council nehurumende yeUnited States vakasarudza mafambiro ehupfumi hweJapan mhiri kwemakungwa uye vakabvumirana kuti zvitsuwa zvaizotungamirirwa neUnited States. Muna Mbudzi 1986, Mutungamiri Ronald Reagan akazivisa zviri pamutemo kupera kwekutonga kweUS muMicronesia. Muna 1987, iyo Federated States yeMicronesia yakatanga hukama hwekudyidzana neMarshall Islands. Kwapera gore, Israel nePapua New Guinea dzakaona nharaunda yeMicronesia senyika itsva, dzichiteverwa neJapan neChina muna 1989.
Geography
Pamwe chete nePalau, nyika dzeMicronesia dzinoumba Caroline Islands, iri makiromita angangoita 800 kumabvazuva kwePhilippine. Inosanganisira 607 zvitsuwa zvakapararira pamusoro penzvimbo ye2500 square kilometers, iyo inobudirira nzvimbo yehurumende 700 square kilometers, iyo inopfuura hafu inoenderana nechitsuwa chePohnpei. Nzvimbo yacho ine makomo. Kunyange zvazvo kunaya kwemvura kuchiderera kubva kumabvazuva kuenda kumadokero, zvitsuwa zvacho zvinokanganiswa nekunaya kwemvura yakawanda. Avhareji yekushisa kwepagore i27ºC. Iko kusanganiswa kwekushisa kwepamusoro uye kunogara kuchipisa kunobudisa zvinomera zvakasvibirira.
Inotambanukira kubva kuequator kusvika 140º north latitude. Kunyangwe iine nzvimbo yegungwa kanopfuura katatu iyo yeSpain (kupfuura 1.600.000 square kilometers), inongova nemakiromita mazana manomwe epasi, 700 makiromita emahombekombe uye 6.112 makiromita emadhamu.
Economy yeMicronesia
Basa rehupfumi muFederated States of Micronesia rinonyanya kurima nekuredza. Hurumende inoshandisa zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvevanhu vakuru. Nyika inowana mari zvakanyanya kubva kuCompact yeMahara Association rubatsiro rwunopihwa neUS Tourism inogona kuganhurirwa nekuzviparadzanisa nevamwe, kushaikwa kwezvivakwa zvakaringana, uye kushomeka kwemukati mekufambisa kwemhepo nemvura.
Simba remutemo riri mumaoko eCongress, unicameral system ine nhengo gumi neina: 4 maseneta kwemakore mana uye nhengo gumi dzinomiririra matunhu avo kwemakore maviri.
The Federated States of Micronesia inozvitsanangura se“mubatanidzwa wekuzvidira wenyika ina dzinozvitonga dzine kuzvitonga kwakati kuti dzitonge zvinhu zvadzo zvemukati nezviwanikwa, kusanganisira vekunze uye kupinda muzvibvumirano zvekubatana nenyika dzechitatu. Dambudziko guru rakatarisana neFederated States of Micronesia nderekusimudzira hupfumi hwezvitsuwa uye kusimba kwenyika.
Dare repamusoro-soro rematare edzimhosva iDare Repamusorosoro reFederated States of Micronesia, iro nhengo dzaro dzinosarudzwa neMutungamiriri weNyika. kubvumidzwa kwe2/3 yeCongress. Vatongi vane mitongo yeupenyu hwose.
Tumira kunze
Spain neMicronesia hadzina hukama hwakagadzikana hwekutengeserana. Izvi zvinoshandura kuyerera kusingachinji kwegore rose, zvichiwedzera kutengeserana kwese kunongopfuura 350.000 euros muna 2018. Kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kwakanyanya kudarika kutengwa kunze kwenyika. Izvi zvinoguma nekutengesa kwakanaka kwe341.530 euros uye chiyero chekuvhara che5,141%.
Micronesia inomiririra inenge 0% (0,0002%) yezvese zveSpanish zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika. Izvi zvinoderedza kukosha kwenyika maererano nekutengeserana kwenyika mbiri. Ndiyo yechi207 yekutengeserana mudiwa weSpain nehuwandu hwekutengesa kunze.
Kutengeserana neMicronesia kwakaderedzwa mugore rekupedzisira 2018. Pasinei nekuvapo kwemaitiro akanaka mumakore apfuura, kutengeserana neMicronesia. yakaderedzwa ne56% muna 2018, zvichidzika kubva pa650.000 euros kusvika pa348.300 euros mugore rapfuura.
Kutengeserana kunotambura nemhedzisiro yemasaha spikes, kutambura nekusagadzikana kukuru. Kuyerera kwegore negore kwekutengesa kunze kwenyika kunogadzirwa maererano nezvinodiwa chaizvo zvenyika uye naizvozvo kune kuwedzera kwakasimba uye kuderera. Mukuwedzera, iyo yakaderera vhoriyamu yekutengesa kunze kwenyika inowedzera iyi mhedzisiro.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezveMicronesia uye maitiro ayo.