Nhasi tichataura nezvemhando yegungwa inowanikwa pamuganhu wekumabvazuva kweIndian Ocean. Zvayo ndezve Java Gungwa. Iyo igungwa rinogeza mabvazuva emahombekombe ezvitsuwa nematunhu ari muIndonesia. Iine nzvimbo yakakura uye ine zvakavanzika zvakawanda zvakafadza vanhu kwemakore mazhinji.
Muchikamu chino tiri kukuudza zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezveGungwa reJava uye hunhu hwayo.
Mhando huru
Iri igungwa riri pamuganhu wekumabvazuva kweIndian Ocean. Iro zita haripihwe nekuda kwechitsuwa cheJava chinoratidza muganho wayo kumaodzanyemba. Ine nharaunda inosvika 310.000 square kilometres, 1.600 kilometres kureba (kumabvazuva-kumadokero) uye angangoita mazana matatu nemakumi masere emakiromita paupamhi (kuchamhembe-kumaodzanyemba) Kuva iri munzvimbo ino, ine miganhu yenzvimbo iyo iri Borneo kuchamhembe, Sumatra kumadokero, Java kumaodzanyemba uye Sulawesi kumabvazuva.
Kunze kwezviwi zvatataura, inoshambidzawo nzvimbo yese yemahombekombe ine mazana ezvitsuwa zvidiki uye zvisina kukosha. Dzinonyanya kukosha mukati meboka remahombekombe rinoshambidza gungwa iri riri munzvimbo yekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero uye zviwi zvinonzi Bangka neBelitung.
Iyo yakabatana kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero neEast China Gungwa kuburikidza neStrait yeKarimata uye kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva neCelebes Gungwa kuburikidza neStrait yeMakassar. Harisi gungwa rakanyanyisa kudzika, nekuti iyo yakadzika nzvimbo ingangoita 1.590 metres. Iyi poindi yakadzika ndiro Gungwa reBali. Iri igungwa riri mukati menyika uye igungwa diki rinotsigira rakakwenenzverwa pakati pezvitsuwa zveBali neKangean, ndosaka zita raro. Kune vamwe vanyori vanotaura kuti gungwa iri nderegungwa reFlores. Kureba kweichi chidiki Inland gungwa reEast Java Gungwa makiromita zviuru makumi mashanu.
Java Gungwa Zvehupfumi Zvekuita
Munzvimbo ino yepasi pane zvakakosha sosi yemafuta uye gasi rechisikigo. Mazhinji acho haasati ashandiswa, saka haisati yatariswa seiri basa rezvehupfumi munzvimbo idzi. Kubata hove ndechimwe cheakakosha zviitiko zvehupfumi muJava Sea. Zvinopfuura zviuru zvitatu zvemarudzi zvinogara mumvura yegungwa iri, zvichiita kuti rive rakapfuma mukusiyana kwezvipenyu. Nekudaro, kubata hove kunorambidzwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo uye kunodzivirirwa nemutemo kuchengetedza zvese zvinomera nemhuka. Dzimwe dzenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa ndidzo Karimunjawa neThe Thousand Islands National Parks.
Kana zviri zvekufambisa uye zvekufambisa mugungwa, izvo zvakare zvakakosha zviitiko zvehupfumi. Mamwe emachiteshi akakosha muIndonesia anowanikwa munzvimbo ino yese. Chiteshi chakakosha zvikuru ndecho chiri muguta guru reJakarta asiwo izvo zveSemarang, Surabaya uye Urjung Pandang, pakati pevamwe.
Zvakare kucherechedzwa, zvehupfumi zviitiko zvekushanya. Uye ndezvekuti nzvimbo dzese dzemahombekombe dzakakomberedza Gungwa reJava dzine nzvimbo dzakakosha dzekushanya dzine zuva rakanaka uye nemahombekombe. Gore rega rega zviuru zvevafambi vanouya kunzvimbo idzi kudzidzira kudhizaina uye kuongorora nzvimbo dzegungwa. Sezvatakambotaura, gungwa iri rine huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvipenyu uye, nekudaro, kune mapako mazhinji epasi pemvura, matombo emakorari uye kupunzika kwechikepe zvinokwezva kune vese nyanzvi dzekudonha. Kunyanya, chitsuwa cheBali ndiyo inonyanya kukosha nzvimbo yekushanya muGungwa reJavanese neIndonesia yese.
Zvakavanzika zveGungwa reJava
Gungwa iri rakaona hondo huru dzegungwa munguva yechipiri Hondo Yenyika. Kusangana uku kwakaparadza chinangwa chikuru kwaive kutakura kwakaendesa mauto kuJava kunopinda nechisimba pasi. Mauto mazana maviri nemazana maviri akafira muhondo, mazana mapfumbamwe echiDutch uye mazana maviri nevagari vemakoroni aive nenyika yeEurope muIndonesia. Yese mitumbi iyi yanga iri pasi pegungwa kweanopfuura makore makumi manomwe nemashanu. Iyi miviri iri mu zvisaririra zvezvikepe zvehondo zvikuru zvitatu zvakashanda seguva repasi pemvura. Masoja ese ave achidikanwa nerwendo. Zvisaririra zvezvikepe izvi zvinoita kunge zvakanyangarika zvachose. Hazvisi nyore zvachose kuti ngarava dzaimborema matani mazana matanhatu nemazana mashanu, senge chimwe chadzo, kutsakatika seizvi nekukurumidza.
Pfungwa pamusoro pezvakavanzika izvi hadzinei nechekuita nezvinhu zvemweya. Vatengesi nevatengesi ndevaya vanga vachiona nezvekuparadzanisa zvidimbu zvengarava huru dzehondo sezvo dziri pfuma kune vese avo vanoda kutengesa zvakare zvinhu zvakakosha. Mumakore, ivo vatengesi vezvimedu vanga vachitsvaga kupunzika kwezvikepe uye vaba zvikamu zvavo zvese. Pakati pezvinhu zvakakurumbira pane simbi, aluminium nendarira. Anopfuura zana epasi pegungwa nengarava zvakanyura mumvura idzi munguva yehondo, zvichivaita mamwe emakuva epasi pegungwa epasi rese.
Kune vazhinji vanovhima pfuma mumvura yeIndonesia nekuda kwehondo. Iyi tangent yekutsvaira yekuvhima yave nzira huru yekuwana mari. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti indasitiri yepfuma. Uku kwave zvakare kukwezva kwevashanyi, sezvo vanhu vazhinji vachidonhera mumvura kuti vatevedze zvisaririra zvezvikepe izvi. Vazhinji vevanhu ava vanozviita nekuda kwekutandara. Ikoko tinofanirwa kuwedzera kuoma kuti kwakaoma uye kunodhura kuchengetedza nekudzivirira zvikepe zvakawanda zvinorara pasi pegungwa. Kunyanya, Zvakaoma kuchengetedza iwo mabhoti ari kure neguta guru, kunyangwe paine kudyidzana kwevakuru vemunharaunda.
Sezvauri kuona, gungwa iri rine zvimwe zvakavanzika uye zvakavanzika zvinoita kuti kufamba ikoko kukwezve vashanyi. Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezveGungwa reJava uye hunhu hwayo.