La Guadalquivir depression, inozivikanwawo seBaetic Depression, itsaona yenzvimbo kumaodzanyemba kweSpain. Iri ibani rine mativi matatu ane hurefu hwemakiromita mazana matatu nemakumi matatu. Inosvika pahupamhi hwemakiromita mazana maviri uye inotetepa sezvainoenda kumabvazuva. Kuora mwoyo kunomhanya kumucheto kweCastilian Plateau uye kunovhura kuAtlantic Ocean, uko kunoyerera Rwizi rweGuadalquivir.
Muchinyorwa chino tichaudza ese maitiro, geography uye zororo rekuora mwoyo kweGuadalquivir.
Mhando huru
Guadalquivir Depression iri muAndalusia, Spain, uye inzvimbo yekumaodzanyemba kwenyika, iri kumaodzanyemba kweIberian Peninsula. Iyo geological uye morphological zvikamu nezvose zvayo zvemukati zvinhu (topography, topography, flora, fauna, nezvimwewo) Vanomhanya nemumatunhu mashanu eJaén, Córdoba, Cádiz, Huelva neSeville. Mukati mune nzvimbo yakachengetedzwa, uye iDoñana National Park.
Iyo inonyanya kukosha yemvura yemurwizi inoyerera nemubani iri iGuadalquivir. Muchikamu chayo chekupedzisira, mafungu ezita rimwe chete anooneka, ayo akazara nekuita kwerwizi mumafashamo uye mafungu eAtlantic Ocean.
Kuora mwoyo kunosungwa neSierra de Bética kuchamhembe, Atlantic Ocean kumaodzanyemba, Sierra de Penibética kumabvazuva uye kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva, uye Sierra Morena inoiparadzanisa kubva pabani kusvika kumadokero. Anopfuura makiromita 600 emakomo emakomo anoparadzanisa depression yeGuadalquivir kubva kumhenderekedzo yeMediterranean.
Penibético chikamu ndicho chekunze kana chichienzaniswa nechomukati kana Subbético chikamu. Kune Sierra Nevada, pakati payo pane makomo, ayo Pico Veleta, pa 3392 metres pamusoro pegungwa, uye Mulhacén, pa 3478 metres pamusoro pegungwa, ndiyo nzvimbo dzakakwirira muPeninsula yose.
Kwakabva Guadalquivir depression
Izvo zvakatemwa kuti iyo Guadalquivir Depression yakatanga muMiocene. Yakabva pamugero wakatanga nekunyura kwemvura yemugungwa yeTertiary inokonzerwa nekufamba kwemakomo. Izvi zvinotsanangura chikonzero nei bani iri richipa reliefs, ane mafomu anoratidza zvinyoro zvinyoro.
Mukuwedzera, kuumbwa kwekuora mwoyo kunopindirana nemapeta eSierra Subbética, ayo anoratidza kuti yakanga ine nzira yekusimudzira. Mune mamwe mazwi, mukuora mwoyo kweGuadalquivir, moat yakadonha, ichigadzira chiteshi, mugero, iyo iyo Atlantic Ocean neGungwa reMediterranean zvakataurirana. Nekudaro, kuiswa kweGuadalquivir Valley hakuna kutanga kusvika pakupera kweTertiary. Iri rakanga rakavharwa kurutivi rwokumusoro; zvichiita kuti pave nekutumirwa nekugovaniswazve kwemvura yaidiridza nzvimbo iyi.
Naizvozvo, deformations idzi, izvo zvisina kuitika kusvikira Pliocene, yabvisa mvura yegungwa kubva mukuora mwoyo. Makomo eBetic ari kukura akagadzira mahombekombe matsva panobuda muromo weGuadalquivir. Tichifunga nezvekugara kwemvura yemurwizi, nzvimbo yakazobuda yakasangana nekukukurwa. Kuita uku kwakaparadza kuzara kwepamusoro kwambotaurwa, zvichipa nzvimbo kune imwe nzvimbo ine mwando wakapfuma nezvinomera.
Pakupedzisira, madhaka anooneka muchikamu chekupedzisira cheGuadalquivir depression. Mafashamo anogara achifashama erwizi anobvumira kuti alluvial deposits iiswe munguva yekunaya kwemvura, umo zvinhu zvinodhonzwa kugadzira maturu nemapani ane tsvina yepasi. Ruzhinji rwezvishandiso izvi zvakapfava, kunyangwe kuoma kwavo kuchigona kushanduka, sezvinoratidzwa nekusiyana kwenzvimbo munzvimbo.
kwakaita nzvimbo yacho
Sezvambotaurwa, Kuora mwoyo kweGuadalquivir kwakareba makiromita makumi matatu uye makiromita mazana maviri kufara, uye inova duku sezvaunoenda kumabvazuva. Uye zvakare, neavhareji kureba kwemamita zana nemakumi mashanu, mashoma ekuyeresa anoonekwa mubani rose uye anenge hapana makomo anoonekwa pazvikomo zviri pedyo neChiclana, Jerez, Montilla neCarmona. Limestones kana molasses zvakare ane horizon yakaoma.
Zvisinei, haisi iyo nzvimbo yakati sandara inotonga Guadalquivir Depression, asi zvikomo zvinyoro. Kune mipata yenzizi dzakapfuma yakakomberedzwa nemateru ehukuru hwakasiyana-siyana, kunyangwe mutemo wakajairika uri wekuti kuenderera mberi kweGuadalquivir kunoenda, mupata unova wakafara, kudzamara nzvimbo yekumadokero yakati sandara uye machakwi awanikwa. Pamusoro pezvo, iyo Guadalquivir Depression yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvina. Imwe neimwe ine yakasarudzika morphological uye geological maitiro.
Marshes uye mahombekombe ekuora mwoyo kweGuadalquivir
Madhaka anotonga nyika, kufukidza 2.000 square kilometers, asi vanga vachidzokera shure semvura yegungwa yakapinda munzvimbo iyi nemumigero nemazariro.
Kune chikamu chayo, mahombekombe ane simba zvikuru, ane zvikamu zvaro zvinoratidzirwa nemiseve yegungwa uye tambo dzedune, izvo zvinotungamirirwa zvakananga nemhepo yeAtlantic Ocean. Zvakare, Geological zvinhu zvinowanzopfava uye zvakaorera, senge matombo, silt, jecha, uye ivhu.
Iyi topographic kumisikidzwa inoita chikamu chikuru chemupata weGuadalquivir depression inokodzera zvekurima. Kune zvirimwa zvemuriwo, zviyo, miti yemiorivhi nemiti yemichero. Naizvozvo, chikamu ichi cheSpain chakakosha zvikuru kuhupfumi hwenyika sezvo chikafu chayo chizhinji chinobva ikoko.
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kuora mwoyo kweGuadalquivir haigoni kurondedzerwa zvizere sebani rine mapani akawanda, sezvo ichi chaizova chirevo. Kunyange zvazvo chiri chokwadi kuti zviumbwa zvacho hazvina kureba kwakawanda, kunewo zvikomo nemakomo zvinopupurira kufamba kwenguva. Pane dzimwe nguva, mwero wemvura muGuadalquivir wakakwirira zvikuru uye, sezvainobvisa ivhu, inochera kuita mipata nemipata.
Kuenzanisa neEbro depression
The Ebro depression mupata uri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweSpain. Rwizi rweEbro runoyambuka. Inofananidzwa nekuora mwoyo kweGuadalquivir mukukosha uye hunhu, uye nenzira kwayo, sezvo vachigovana akawanda maficha, kunyangwe iwo chete akanyanya kunaka anogona kutaurwa.
Pamusoro pekuve mukuru, madhiri ese ari maviri ane chimiro chetriangular, akafukidzwa nevhu repamusoro uye kudiridza kwakaoma nemvura yerwizi. Zvakare zvakawedzerwa kune iyi pfupi runyorwa rwekufanana ndeye yakaderera kukwirira kwekuora mwoyo, kukosha kwavo kune veSpanish, tisingarevi iwo anooneka ekare.
Nekudaro, kudzvinyirirwa kweGuadalquivir neEbro zvakaratidzawo mutsauko usingaverengeke wehuwandu uye hwemhando. Nekuti idzo dzinosvika nenguva uye dzakananga, hadzina kukwana pano, saka nhatu chete dzinoonekwa dzakakosha: geological age, rudzi rwekuzadza uye topography yemupata.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve Guadalquivir depression uye maitiro ayo.