’Yan Adam sun kayyade layukan hasashe a wannan duniyar tamu domin tabbatar da latitudes da girman kasashe da nahiyoyi. An raba waɗannan latitudes zuwa arewa, kudu, gabas da yamma. Layin da ya raba arewa da kudu ana kiransa Ecuador kuma ya bar duniya zuwa ga abin da ake kira wurare masu zafi na duniya. Muna da Tropic na Capricorn da Tropic of Cancer.
A cikin wannan labarin, za mu gaya game da abin da su ne manyan halaye na tropics na duniya da kuma abin da yake da muhimmanci da cewa suna da.
Tropics na Duniya
Wuraren wurare masu zafi layuka ne masu layi daya da ma'auni, 23º 27' daga ma'auni a cikin sassan biyu. Muna da Tropic of Cancer zuwa arewa da Tropic of Cancer a kudu.
Equator shine layin da mafi girman diamita. Yana daidai da axis na Duniya a tsakiyarta. Da'irar mafi girma a cikin ƙasa, daidai da axis, ya raba ƙasa zuwa kashi biyu daidai gwargwado da ake kira hemispheres: arewa ko arewa (arewacin hemisphere) da kudu ko kudu (kudancin duniya). Matsalolin ƙasa suna samar da manyan da'ira daidai gwargwado ga ma'aunin ƙasa kuma suna wucewa ta cikin sanduna.
Daidai da equator, za a iya zana da'irar da ba ta da iyaka a kusa da duniya, diamita wanda ya zo daidai da axis na polar. wadannan da'irori Sun ƙunshi nau'i-nau'i biyu da ake kira meridians da antimeridians., bi da bi. Siffofin meridians sune kamar haka:
- Dukkansu diamita daya ne (duniya axis).
- Sun kasance daidai gwargwado ga ma'auni.
- Sun ƙunshi tsakiyar duniya.
- Suna taruwa a sanduna.
- Tare da makamancinsu na anti-meridians sun raba Duniya zuwa hemispheres biyu.
Tropic na Capricorn
Tropic of Cancer, wani layi na kwance ko layi daya wanda ke kewaya duniya a 23,5° kudu da equator. Ita ce madaidaicin kudu a duniya, wanda ya tashi daga kudu maso kudu zuwa arewa na Tropic of Cancer, kuma yana da alhakin alamar ƙarshen ƙarshen tropics.
Ana kiran Tropic na Capricorn saboda Rana tana cikin Capricorn a lokacin solstice na Disamba. The An yi alƙawari kusan shekaru 2000 da suka wuce, lokacin da rana ba ta cikin waɗannan taurarin. A watan Yuni, Rana yana cikin Taurus, kuma a cikin Disamba solstice, Rana yana cikin Sagittarius. Ana kiran shi Capricorn saboda a zamanin da, lokacin da rani solstice ya faru a kudancin kogin, rana tana cikin ƙungiyar Capricorn. A halin yanzu yana cikin ƙungiyar taurarin Sagittarius, amma al'adar har yanzu tana karɓar sunan Tropic na Capricorn ta al'ada.
Halaye kamar haka:
- Bambance-bambancen yanayi a cikin wurare masu zafi kaɗan ne, don haka rayuwa gabaɗaya dumi da rana a cikin Tropics na Capricorn.
- Kololuwar sanyi na hamadar Atacama da Kalahari, Rio de Janeiro da Andes suna cikin Tropic na Capricorn.
- A nan ne ake noman mafi yawan kofi na duniya.
- Wannan layin hasashe ne wanda ke tantance mafi nisa ta kudu da rana za ta iya kaiwa da rana.
- Ita ce ke da alhakin ƙetare iyakokin kudanci na wurare masu zafi.
- Wuri na farko da ta fara shine a gabar hamadar Namibiya, a Harbour Sandwich.
- Wuraren wurare masu zafi sun ratsa kogin Limpopo, babban magudanar ruwa da ke ratsa Afirka ta Kudu, Botswana, da Mozambique kuma ya fantsama cikin Tekun Indiya.
- Tropic na Capricorn kawai ya taɓa lardin arewacin Afirka ta Kudu, amma ya haɗa da wurin shakatawa na Kruger.
Tropic of Cancer
Tropic of Cancer shine Layin latitude da ke kewaye da Duniya a kusan 23,5° arewa da latitude equatorial. Wannan ita ce wurin arewa mafi tsayi a duniya. Har ila yau, yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan ma'auni guda biyar da aka ɗauka a cikin raka'a na latitude, ko da'irar latitude, waɗanda ke rarraba Duniya, ku tuna cewa sauran ma'auni sune Capricorn, Equator, Arctic Circle da Antarctic Circle.
Tropic of Cancer yana da matukar muhimmanci ga reshe na labarin kasa da ke nazarin duniya, domin baya ga kasancewarsa yanki na arewa wanda ke nuna hasken rana kai tsaye, yana da aikin sanya alamar arewacin ƙarshen wurare masu zafi. Ya miƙe arewa daga equator zuwa Tropic of Cancer da kudu zuwa arewacin layin koma baya. Tropic of Cancer shine layin da'irar da ke kewaya duniya a 23,5 ° arewa da latitude equatorial, ita ce yankin arewa mafi girma na Tropic of Cancer kuma daya daga cikin matakan da ake amfani da su don rarraba duniya.
A cikin watan Yuni ko lokacin rani, rana tana nuna ƙungiyar Cancer, don haka sabon layin latitude ana kiransa Tropic of Cancer. Amma dole ne a ambaci cewa an ba da sunan fiye da shekaru 2000 da suka wuce, kuma rana ba ta cikin Ciwon daji. A halin yanzu yana cikin ƙungiyar taurari na Taurus. Duk da haka, ga mafi yawan nassoshi, Matsayin latitude na Tropic of Cancer a 23,5 ° N yana da sauƙin fahimta. Halayensu sune:
- Ita ce tazarar arewa inda rana za ta iya fitowa kai tsaye, kuma tana faruwa ne a lokacin shahararriyar watan Yuni.
- Zuwa arewacin wannan layin, za mu iya samun yankuna masu zafi da na arewa masu zafi.
- Kudancin Tropic of Cancer da arewacin Capricorn yana da wurare masu zafi.
- Lokutan sa ba su da yanayin zafi, amma ta hanyar hadakar iskar kasuwanci da ke jawo danshi daga teku da kuma samar da ruwan sama na yanayi da ake kira damina a gabar tekun Gabas.
- Ana iya bambanta nau'ikan yanayi daban-daban a cikin wurare masu zafi saboda latitude ɗaya ne kawai daga cikin abubuwa da yawa waɗanda ke ƙayyade yanayin wurare masu zafi.
- Ya ƙunshi yanki mafi girma na gandun daji masu zafi a duniya.
- Ita ce ke da alhakin keɓe iyakar arewa na madaidaiciyar layi tsakanin rana da ƙasa a lokacin rani solstice na arewacin kogin.
Kamar yadda kake gani, dan Adam ya yi amfani da layukan hasashe don samun damar raba duniya bisa ga yanayin yanayi kuma yana da matukar amfani ga zane-zane da yanayin kasa. Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da wurare masu zafi na Duniya da halayenta.