Volcanoes na ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan halitta waɗanda ke haifar da babbar barazana ga ɗan adam. Ko da yake ba su da wani aiki na zahiri na dogon lokaci, suna iya fashewa a kowane lokaci, tare da mummunan sakamako a wasu lokuta. Sha'awar wuraren yawon bude ido da yawa ya ta'allaka ne a gaban tsaunuka. Yawancin lokaci ana ganinsa azaman abin kallo na halitta, amma yana haifar da tsoro ko fiye fiye da yadda yake iya burge duk wanda ya zo ya gan shi. Akwai kuma volcanoes masu aiki a duniya wadanda har yanzu suna ta tofa albarkacin bakinsu.
A cikin wannan labarin za mu gaya muku duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da volcanoes masu ƙarfi a halin yanzu a duniya da kuma menene halaye da wurinsu.
Volcanoes masu aiki a duniya
Dutsen dutsen Etna
Wannan dutsen mai aman wuta ya mamaye birnin Catania da ke tsibirin Sicily. Tana girma kusan shekaru 500.000 kuma tana da fashewar abubuwa da yawa waɗanda suka fara a 2001. Ta fuskanci fashewar abubuwa da yawa, gami da fashewar tashin hankali da kwararar kwararar ruwa. Fiye da 25% na yawan jama'ar Sicily suna zaune a kan gangaren Dutsen Etna. wanda shi ne babban tushen samun kudin shiga a tsibirin, wanda ya hada da noma (saboda wadataccen kasa mai aman wuta) da yawon bude ido.
A tsayin sama da mita 3.300, ita ce mafi girma da faɗin dutsen mai aman wuta a nahiyar Turai, mafi tsayi a cikin kwarin Bahar Rum da kuma mafi tsayi a Italiya a kudancin Alps. Yana kallon Tekun Ionian zuwa gabas, Kogin Simito zuwa yamma da kudu, da Kogin Alcantara zuwa arewa.
Fashewar Etna ya kusan zama akai. Dutsen mai aman wuta ya barke a kalla sau goma a cikin shekaru 4 da suka wuce (daga 1971 zuwa 2021). Ayyukan Etna sun yi rajistar tashin hankali a lokuta fiye da ɗaya, yayin da a wasu lokuta kawai ya haifar da zubar da girgijen gas. A gabashin Sicily akwai Dutsen Etna, ɗaya daga cikin shahararru kuma masu aman wuta a duniya.
Stromboli
Akwai wani ƙaramin tsibiri a kudancin Italiya. Asalin sa na volcanic kuma ana kiransa Stromboli. Wannan volcano mai ƙarfi yana cikinsa kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan wuraren shakatawa na Tekun Tyrrhenian. Daga garuruwan da ke kusa da dutsen mai aman wuta, kamar Messina, Lipari ko Milazzo, zaku iya shiga cikin jirgin ruwa ku bincika ruwan tsibirin. Da dare, zaku iya ganin fashewar lava daga dutsen mai aman wuta a kan gangaren Sciara del Fuoco.
Kïlauea, dutsen mai aman wuta mafi yawan aiki a Hawaii
Dutsen mai aman wuta ne wanda ke cikin rukunin garkuwa mai aman wuta. Yawancin lokaci an yi shi kusan gaba ɗaya na lava mai ruwa sosai. Diamita ya fi tsayinsa girma. Musamman, Yana da tsayin mita 1222 kuma yana da caldera a kolinsa mai zurfin mita 165 da faɗinsa kilomita biyar.
Tana yankin kudu maso gabas na tsibirin Hawaii kuma tayi kama da dutsen da ke kusa da shi wanda ake kira Mauna Loa. Shekaru da yawa masana kimiyya sunyi tunanin cewa Kilauea tsari ne da ke haɗe da Mauna Loa. Koyaya, tare da karatun da suka ci gaba sun sami damar sanin cewa yana da nata ɗakin magma wanda ya faɗaɗa fiye da zurfin kilomita 60. Wannan dutsen mai fitad da wuta bai dogara da wani don aiwatar da ayyukanta ba.
Kilauea yana daya daga cikin manyan duwatsu masu aman wuta a Duniya. Ana samuwa a ciki Wurin shakatawa na Volcanoes na Hawaii a tsayin mita 1247. Fashewar wannan dutsen mai aman wuta ya ci gaba tun lokacin da aka yi tarihin farko a ƙarshen karni na XNUMX. Wuri ne mai kariya na UNESCO kamar yadda ake ɗaukarsa a matsayin Gidan Tarihi na Duniya. Yana da kyawawan halaye na dutsen mai aman wuta na Hawaii kuma ya zama babban wurin yawon buɗe ido.
nyiragongo
Girman dutsen mai aman wuta na Nyiragongo yana da ban mamaki. Tana cikin Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, yana daya daga cikin manyan duwatsu masu aman wuta a duniya. Yana cikin gandun dajin na Virunga kuma yana da tsayin mita 3.470.
Samuwar wannan volcano na Afirka sananne ne don ƙunshi tafkunan lava, samar da wani katon kwandon ruwa kusan mita 230 a diamita. Duk da yake yake-yaken da ake yi a yankin ya rikitar da aikin na dutsen, ana kyautata zaton cewa hadarin da ke tattare da aman wutar dutsen zai ci gaba da karuwa kuma zai iya kai kololuwa tsakanin shekarar 2024 zuwa 2027.
Dutsen Yasur
Vanuatu kasa ce da ta kunshi tsibirai da dama. Daya daga cikinsu ita ce Tana inda Dutsen Yasur yake. Yana daya daga cikin tsaunukan da aka fi samun damar shiga a duniya saboda girmansa (tsayin mita 361) da kuma bincike mai zurfi da aka gudanar a yankin.
Karamar hukumar ta kafa matakai daban-daban na fadakarwa don sanar da masu yawon bude ido lokacin da ya dace don ziyarta. Don haka, Kuna iya tunanin fashewar magma a cikin Duniya lafiya.
Tushen Wuta
Ana zaune a kudancin Guatemala, wannan dutsen mai aman wuta yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan aiki a Duniya. Yana da tashin tashin hankali da ke ci gaba da tashi. Rubuce-rubuce daga ƙarni na 1524 sun nuna cewa Pedro de Alvarado, wanda ya ci Extremadura, ya ga ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan fashewar a shekara ta XNUMX. Tun daga lokacin, ya fashe har sau 20.
geldinggardalur
Wannan dutsen mai aman wuta yana kan ƙasar Iceland. An san kwarin don ɗabi'a mai daɗi sosai, amma ƙaramin tashin hankali. Wuri ne na musamman game da ilimin volcano, kamar yadda fashewar 2021 ke nufin hakan Rikicin Reykjanes ya tofa magma a karon farko cikin kusan shekaru 800.
Colima volcano
A Mekziko kuma akwai aman wuta mai aman wuta. Dutsen mai aman wuta na Colima, wanda ya kai kusan mita 4.000 sama da matakin teku, misali ne mai kyau. Kwanan nan, an gano jirage masu saukar ungulu da fitar da toka da hayaki. Kamar Popocatepetl, Yana daya daga cikin manyan aman wuta a yankin Latin Amurka.
Cumbre Vieja Natural Park
Cumbre Vieja Natural Park yana cikin La Palma, daya daga cikin wurare masu aman wuta a Spain. Barkewar baya-bayan nan yana nuna rayuwar cikin La Palma. Malpaises, sunan da aka sani da tsayayyen lava, ɗaya ne daga cikin shimfidar wurare na gargajiya na tsibiran.
Sakurajima, alamar Japan
Fuskantar birnin Kagoshima shine Sakurajima, daya daga cikin manyan duwatsu masu aman wuta a Duniya. Dubban fashewa An rubuta a cikin wannan yanki na Japan a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. A lokacin mafi girman ayyukan dutsen mai aman wuta, kewayensa yana rufe ga mazauna gida da masu yawon bude ido saboda dalilai na tsaro, amma yayin sauran lokacin kwanciyar hankali ana iya ziyartar shi don jin daɗin hanyoyin tafiya.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da tuddai masu aman wuta a duniya da halayensu.