Tekun Weddell wani yanki ne na Tekun Arctic. samanta yana da fadin murabba'in kilomita miliyan 2,8. Iyakokinta suna da alamar yankin Antarctic zuwa yamma, yankin Cotsland a gabas, da kuma Ferchner-Rohn Ice Shelf zuwa kudu. Bayan Cape Norway zuwa gabas, ruwanta yana haɗuwa da na Tekun Sarki Haakon VII.
A cikin wannan labarin za mu gaya muku game da manyan halaye na Weddell Sea, asalinsa, flora da fauna.
Babban fasali
Yana daya daga cikin mafi girma kuma sanannen teku a kudancin duniyar duniyar, yana wanka daga gabar tekun Antarctica. Yana kusa da wurin a latitude kudu 73 digiri da 45 yamma longitude, kuma tana da iyaka da yankin Antarctic zuwa yamma, Coast Land zuwa gabas, da Shelf Ice na Filchner-Ronne zuwa kudu. Tana da fadin kasa kilomita murabba'i miliyan 2,8 kuma tana da kimanin kilomita 2.000 a mafi girman wurinta. An ba shi sunan wani jirgin ruwa James Weddell, wanda yana daya daga cikin na farko da ya fara shiga cikin wani jirgin ruwa na brigantine.
Masu bincike na ƙarni na goma sha tara sun gan shi a matsayin teku mai ha'inci, da iska mai ƙarfi ta rutsa da ita kuma a wasu yankuna da ƙaton ƙoƙon kankara suka mamaye. Zagayen Weddell shine zagayawar teku da ke tafiya ta hanya ta agogo halitta ta hanyar hulɗar Antarctic Circumpolar Current da Antarctic continental shelf.
Gaskiya da asali game da Tekun Weddell
Yawancin ruwan sanyi na duniya yana fitowa ne daga Tekun Weddell, wanda ruwansa ya fi yawa a duniya kuma yana ba da gudummawa ga yanayin zafi na thermohaline. A can, samansa yana yin sanyi zuwa -1,9 ºC, sa'an nan kuma waɗannan ruwayen sun nutse, don haka ya haifar da magudanar ruwa da ke gudana zuwa yawancin duniya; ya fara sanyi, ya ɗan ɗanɗana kusa da Kamchatka, kuma daga nan zuwa Tekun Fasifik Wasu daga cikinsu suna motsawa, a gefe ɗaya, kuma tsakanin tsibiran yammacin Pacific a ɗayan, ta kudancin Afirka, Caribbean, da kuma zuwa Tekun Fasifik. Iberian, har sai ƙananan yanayin zafi a cikin Arctic ya dawo kuma ya fara yaduwa zuwa kudancin kudancin.
Ƙwayoyin kankara sun fi yawa a cikin hunturu fiye da lokacin rani, amma yanayi da yanayin ruwa suna da tsanani.
A lokacin Carboniferous, gabashin Gondwana, wanda ya ƙunshi abin da ke yanzu Australia, Antarctica, da Indiya, ya fara tafiya zuwa kudancin kudancin. A lokacin Jurassic, hanyoyin tectonic a Kudancin Amurka sun kafa kwarin Rocas Verdes da Mar de Weddell. A hakika, An raba yankin Gondwana ne a yankin Tekun Weddell a yanzu.
A farkon Cenozoic, Ostiraliya ta rabu da Antarctica kuma ta koma arewa, yayin da na karshen ya fara matsawa gaba da gaba zuwa kudu, ya zama mai ban sha'awa da sauran ƙasashe. Kimanin shekaru miliyan 23 da suka gabata, hanyar Drake Passage ta buɗe tsakanin Kudancin Amurka da Antarctica kuma an kewaye shi da ruwa gaba ɗaya. A lokacin, an riga an rufe shi da kankara.
Clima
Baya ga latitude, fifikon iskar sanyi mai ƙarfi da ke kadawa daga kudanci zuwa arewa daidai da kunkuntar tsaunukan yankin Antarctica na ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun yanayin yanayin yankin yammacin Tekun Weddell.
Wadannan iskoki ba wai kawai suna shafar yanayin zafi ba ne, har ma suna tilasta wa kankara yin nisa daga arewa maso gabas zuwa Kudancin Atlantic. Iska, yanayin zafi da yanayin kankara sun fi bayyana a gefen gabas na tsibirin Antarctic fiye da na yamma.
Manya-manyan ƙungiyoyin whales da hatimi suna zaune a Tekun Weddell. Daga cikin Fauna da ke zaune iri iri iri ne kamar Weddell Seals, Humpback Whales, Make Whales, Humal Whales da Kashewa Mataki.
Adélie penguin shine babban nau'in nau'in penguin a cikin wannan yanki mai nisa saboda ikonsa na daidaitawa da yanayi mara kyau. Ƙungiya mafi girma (kimanin nau'i-nau'i 10.000) ana samun su a tsibirin Paulette.
Weddell Sea Biodiversity
Duk da matsananciyar yanayin rayuwa ga halittu na gama gari, Tekun Weddell yanki ne na samar da yanayin yanayin sanyi mai sanyi. Antarctic krill (Euphasia superba) shine tushen fauna kuma muhimmin sashi na sarkar abinci a yankin, tunda nau'ikan da suka hada da sauran abinci suna ciyar da shi. Daga cikin dabbobin da ke zaune a cikin teku akwai nau'ikan kifaye sama da 200 kamar herring na Antarctic (Notothenioidei), Antarctic silverfish (Pleuragramma antarcticum) da kuma Antarctic cod (Dissostichus mawsoni). Sauran kifayen da ke cikin teku su ne kifayen teku masu haske na iyalai Gonostomatidae, barracuda, da lantern.
Humpback Whales (Megaptera novaeangliae), kudanci dama whales (Eubalaena australis), minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), damisa hatimi (Hydrurga leptonyx), da crabeater seal (Lobodon carcinophagus) ne in mun gwada da na kowa a cikin ruwa, amma iya zama mafi icon. nau'in hatimi na Weddell (Leptonychotes weddellii) dabbar ruwa ce mai shayarwa wacce ke iya nutsewa cikin zurfin zurfin mita 700. Bayan haka Antarctic cod da sauran cod, kuma suna ciyar da squid.
Icebergs da rairayin bakin teku gida ne ga King Penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus), Chinstrap Penguins (Pygoscelis antarcticus), Emperor Penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) da Adélie Penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae), yayin da petrels ke ziyartar wuraren dutse.
Barazana
Dangane da wurin da yake da nisa, Tekun Weddell ba ya shafar masana'antu da ci gaban bakin teku da ke shafar yawancin tekunan duniya, amma kuma ba shi da kariya daga barazanar muhalli, musamman na ayyukan bil'adama. mafi hatsari shine sauyin yanayi da kuma yawan acidification na tekuna, wanda ke canza sinadarai na ruwa, yana haifar da harsashi ko ƙasusuwan dabbobi don yin laushi ko daina haɓakawa.
Kamun kifin ƙasa wani aiki ne na baya-bayan nan, amma ana fargabar cewa zai ƙaru a nan gaba, don haka za a ƙara yawan albarkatun. Bugu da ƙari, sauyin yanayi na iya lalata wuraren zama na nau'o'in nau'o'i da yawa kuma ya sa teku ta zama yankin matsala.
Ina fatan da wannan bayanin za ku iya ƙarin koyo game da Tekun Weddell da halayensa.