Yankin Yankin

A cikin yadudduka na yanayi muna da mafi ƙasƙanci wanda shine inda muke zaune kuma wanda aka san shi da sunan sararin samaniya. Suna faɗowa daga saman duniya zuwa farkon dunƙule-dunƙule, wannan shine shimfidar wurin da ake samun ozone layer. Yankin sararin samaniya ya hada da iskar da muke shaka da dukkan hanyoyin yanayi da yanayin yanayi a duniya. A saboda wannan dalili, ya zama ɗayan mahimman matakan da ke duniya.

A cikin wannan labarin zamu gaya muku game da duk halaye da mahimmancin yanayin ƙasa.

Babban fasali

Idan muka sauka kan titi sai muka ji iska a fuskokinmu ko mun lura da gizagizai a sama, tsuntsayen suna tashi, duk wadannan abubuwan na maharan ne. Yana da halin yawanci ta hanyar ragewar zafin jiki yayin da tsayin yake ƙaruwa. Kowane lokaci da muka hau a tsawo muna rage zafin jiki saboda hasken rana da ke faɗuwa a ƙasa baya aiki a matsayin mai kula da yanayin zafin jiki. Ga kowane ƙafa dubu na zafin jiki yana faɗaɗa digiri 6.5.

Iskar da ke cikin sararin samaniya ta zama ba ta da yawa kamar yadda tsayi yake ƙaruwa. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa masu hawa tsaunuka sukan yi amfani da iskar gas ɗin kwalba don numfashi. Wannan shimfidar tana da kauri kimanin kilomita 8-14 dangane da yankin da muke. Ya fi siriri a yankunan Pole ta Arewa da Pole ta Kudu kuma ana iya samun mafi girman ɓangarensa a ɓangaren Equator.

Layer din da ke sama da saman wurin shine stratosphere. An san iyaka tsakanin waɗannan matakan biyu da sunan cin abinci. A cikin stratosphere akwai lemar ozone wanda ke kiyaye mu daga hasken rana mai cutarwa da kuma kare fatar mu. Iskar ta fi kowane yanki yanayi. A gaskiya ma, an san haka posungiyar sararin samaniya tana wakiltar kashi 80% na nauyin duk yanayin. Lokacin da saman gajimare yayin hadari ya daidaita zuwa wani mummunan yanayi, yawanci saboda sabuntawar da ke cikin guguwar ya riga ya isa wurin aiki. A cikin tafiye-tafiyen, iska na yanayi ya fi guguwar zafi saboda haka ya daina tashi.

Haɗin iska a cikin wannan layin ya kunshi kashi 78% nitrogen da 21% oxygen. Ragowar 1% ya kunshi argon, tururin ruwa, da carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide an san shi ya karu daidai gwargwado tsawon shekaru saboda hayaƙin ɗan adam. Partasan ɓangaren ƙasa, wannan shine yankin da ya fi kusa da fuskar ƙasa, ana kiran shi layin iyaka.

Bambanci tsakanin tsaka-tsakin sararin samaniya da mahalli

Da farko dai, nuna cewa yanayin yana da matakai mabanbanta. Mafi ƙanƙanci shine yanayin tudu kuma a sama da ita shine yanayin sararin samaniya. Saboda dalilai daban-daban, dole ne a rarraba su azaman yadudduka daban-daban. Kuma kowannensu yana da halaye daban-daban da masu canjin yanayi. Da matsa lamba na iska, da yawan zafin jiki, da yanayin zafi, da saurin iska, da kuma hanyar iska sun bambanta a cikin kyamarorin biyu.

Iyakokin yankuna zai kasance kuma ana kiran wuraren da ake kira tropopause kuma ba yanki ne na yau da kullun ba. Yawanci ana samunsa a nisan kilomita 8-14 daga matakin teku kuma yana da mawuyacin yanayi. Wannan yana nufin cewa yanki ne inda yanayin zafin yake ya daidaita. Yanayin yanayi kamar yadda muka san shi rana tana faruwa ne a cikin yanki yayin da iska a kusa da ƙasa ta fi iska a wuri mafi tsayi zafi. Wannan yana faruwa ne saboda ƙasa tana ɗaukar zafin rana daga radiating. Tare da wannan mummunan yanayin zafin jiki game da tsawo, iska mai zafi tana iya tashi sama da kirkirar ruwan kwalliya. Waɗannan hanyoyin isar da sakonnin sune suke samar da iska da tsarin girgije.

Akasin haka, a cikin sararin samaniya layin ozone ke kula da shan hasken rana daga zafin rana zuwa rana. A nan zazzabi yana ƙaruwa tare da tsawo. Yankin tudu yana da tsayin kusan kilomita 50. La'akari da cewa danshi mai dumi mai inganci yakan tashi kuma iska mai sanyi tana sauka, iska, gizagizai masu saukar da ruwa suna haduwa a cikin mahallin kuma ba a cikin sararin samaniya ba. A cikin wannan layin, yanayi ya fi karko tunda yanayin iska ya yi ƙasa sosai kuma iska mai dumi tana hana samuwar iskar ruwa. Babu kusan tashin hankali kuma iskoki sun daidaita. Yana busawa cikin kwanciyar hankali da kwance kuma sabili da haka jirgin saman kasuwanci yana tashi a ƙasan madaidaici don kauce wa wannan rikici.

Troungiyar ta ƙunshi a kusa da 75% na gas a cikin sararin samaniya, yayin da stratosphere yana da 19% kawai.

Mahimmancin yankin

Wannan shimfidar ya zama mafi mahimmanci a duk faɗin duniyar saboda yana da matuƙar damuwa da matakan da ke faruwa a wannan matakin. Dynamarfin tasirin tekuna da sake zagayowar ruwa, photosynthesis na shuke-shuke, numfashi na dabbobi da ayyukan ɗan adam na faruwa a cikin tudun ƙasa. Bugu da ari, Launin yanayi ne inda canjin yanayin ke faruwa.

Matsalar yanayi a cikin ɓangaren sama kusan kusan biyar na wannan a cikin ɓangaren ƙananan. Wato, idan duk inda zamuje zamu mutu daga rashin lafiya a cikin kwanaki. Mafi yawan tasirin greenhouse saboda tururin ruwa ne wanda yake tarawa a cikin rabin rabin yanayi. Idan ba tare da wannan layin ba, tasirin greenhouse zai ragu sosai kuma daga ƙarshe tekun zai daskare. Kodayake kwanan nan akwai magana da yawa game da tasirin greenhouse a matsayin wani abu mara kyau, tsari ne da duniyar ƙasa ke buƙata don ba da rai kamar yadda muka sani.

Daya daga cikin manyan matsalolin da muke da su a yau daga ayyukan ɗan adam shine gurɓatar yankin sararin samaniya. Haƙƙin da yake samuwa yayin ayyukan ɗan adam na yau da kullun da kewayen biranen ita ce hanya mafi bayyana ta gurbatacciyar iskakuma. Akwai nau'ikan gurbatawa ko ana iya gani ko a'a. Koyaya, kowane nau'in gurɓataccen iska yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar tasirin yanayi da dumamar yanayi. Duk wani abu da dan adam yake zubawa a sararin samaniya wanda kuma yake da illa ga halittu masu rai a cikin muhalli to ana daukar sa a matsayin mai gurbata muhalli.

Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da yanayin sararin samaniya da ainihin halayensa.