Lallai mun ji labarin bala’in Pompeii har ma an yi fina-finai da shirye-shirye game da shi. An yi magana da yawa pompeii volcano kuma ba a san shi da sunansa da ingantattun siffofi ba. Dutsen Vesuvius ne ko Dutsen Vesuvius. Yana da wasu halaye na musamman waɗanda suka haifar da wannan bala'i na tarihi. Ɗayan fashewar ta ya haifar da wani muhimmin al'amari na tarihi.
Saboda wannan dalili, za mu keɓe wannan labarin don gaya muku duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da dutsen dutsen Pompeii, halaye da zaɓin sa.
pompeii volcano
An fi saninsa da Dutsen Vesuvius. dutsen mai aman wuta wanda ke da daya daga cikin manyan bala'o'in halitta da ke haifar da aman wuta a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar rayuwa. Har ma a yau, ana la'akari da shi daya daga cikin mafi hatsari volcanoes a duniya kuma kawai dutsen mai aman wuta a nahiyar Turai.
Tana cikin yankin Campania na kudancin Italiya, gabas da Bay na Naples, kimanin kilomita 9 daga birnin Naples. Sunanta a Italiyanci Vesuvius, amma kuma ana kiranta da Vesaevus, Vesevus, Vesbius da Vesuve. Domin ya ƙunshi nau'i-nau'i masu yawa na lava, ash, pumice, da sauran kayan pyroclastic, kuma saboda yana haifar da fashewar fashewa, an rarraba shi a matsayin wani nau'i ko stratovolcano. Tunda mazugi na tsakiya ya bayyana a cikin ramin, yana cikin nau'in Dutsen Soma.
Dutsen Vesuvius ya ƙunshi mazugi mai tsayin mita 1.281, wanda aka fi sani da "Great Cone", wanda galibi ke kewaye da bakin kogin koli na Dutsen Soma, mai tsayin kusan mita 1.132. Dukansu sun rabu da kwarin Atrio di Cavallo. Tsayin mazugi yana canzawa a kan lokaci saboda fashewar fashewa. A koginsa akwai wani rami mai zurfi fiye da mita 300.
Dutsen Vesuvius an jera shi a matsayin daya daga cikin tsaunuka mafi hadari a duniya. Fitowar dutsen nata na fili mai aman wuta ne ko kuma nau'in dutsen volcano. Tunda tsakiyar tsakiyar wannan dutsen mai aman wuta yana bayyana a cikin wani rami, nau'in Soma ne. An yi la'akari da daya daga cikin mafi hatsari volcanoes a duniya, mazugi yana da kusan mita 1.281. Ana kiran wannan mazugi babban mazugi. An kewaye shi da bakin kogin koli na Monte Somma. Dutsen yana da nisan mita 1132 sama da matakin teku.
Dutsen Vesuvius da Dutsen Soma sun rabu da kwarin Atrio di Cavallo. Tsawon mazugi ya canza a cikin tarihi, dangane da fashewar da ta faru. saman wadannan duwatsu masu aman wuta wani rami ne mai zurfin sama da mita 300.
Formation da asali
Dutsen dutsen mai aman wuta yana zaune ne a saman yankin da aka rushe tsakanin faranti na Eurasian da na Afirka. Daga cikin wadannan faranti na tectonic, faranti na biyu yana raguwa ( nutsewa ) a ƙarƙashin farantin Eurasian akan kimanin santimita 3,2 a kowace shekara, wanda ya haifar da samuwar tsaunukan Soma a farkon wuri.
A zahiri, Dutsen Soma ya girmi Dutsen Vesuvius. Duwatsu mafi dadewa a yankin dutsen mai aman wuta sun kai kimanin shekaru 300.000. Kofin Dutsen Soma ya ruguje a wani bututun mai shekaru 25.000 da suka wuce. fara samar da caldera, amma mazugi na Vesuvius bai fara samuwa ba sai shekaru 17.000 da suka wuce, a tsakiya. Babban mazugi ya bayyana gaba ɗaya a AD 79, bayan babban fashewa. Koyaya, saboda motsin faranti na tectonic, wurin ya sami ci gaba da fashewar fashewar abubuwa kuma an yi ta girgizar ƙasa a yankin.
Volcanoes ne sakamakon magma da ke kaiwa saman sama yayin da nakasa daga farantin Afirka ke jujjuyawa a yanayin zafi mai zafi har sai ya narke kuma ana tura shi sama har sai wani bangare na ɓawon burodi ya karye.
Pompeii volcano fashewa
Vesuvius yana da dogon tarihin fashewa. Mafi dadewa da aka gano tun daga 6940 BC. C. Tun daga wannan lokacin, an tabbatar da fashewar fiye da 50, wasu kuma, tare da kwanan wata da ba a san tabbas ba. Fitowa biyu masu ƙarfi musamman, 5960 C. da 3580 BC. C., ya mayar da dutsen mai aman wuta zuwa daya daga cikin mafi girma a Turai. A cikin karni na biyu BC yana da abin da ake kira "Avellino Eruption", daya daga cikin mafi girma a cikin tarihi na prehistory.
Amma ko shakka babu fashewa mafi karfi ta faru ne a shekara ta 79 miladiyya saboda karfin da tasirinsa. C. Tuni a 62 d. C. Mazaunan da ke kewayen sun ji girgizar kasa mai karfi, amma ana iya cewa sun saba da girgizar kasa a yankin. Ana hasashen cewa a rana tsakanin 24 zuwa 28 ga Oktoba, 1979. Dutsen Vesuvius ya fashe a tsayin kilomita 32-33 kuma ya fitar da gajimaren dutse da karfi., gas mai aman wuta, ash, foda, lava da sauran abubuwa a 1,5 ton a sakan daya.
Pliny the Younger, wani tsohon ɗan mulkin Roma ne, ya shaida abin da ya faru a garin Misenam da ke kusa (kusan kilomita 30 daga dutsen mai aman wuta) kuma ya rubuta a cikin wasiƙarsa, wadda ta ba da bayanai masu yawa. A cewarsa, kafin afkuwar girgizar kasar da ma tsunami. Wani katon gajimare na toka ya tashi, ya mamaye yankin na sa'o'i 19 zuwa 25, ya binne garuruwan Pompeii da Herculaneum tare da kashe dubbai. Wadanda suka tsira sun yi watsi da birnin har abada, kuma an manta da shi har sai da ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi ya yi sha'awar shi, musamman a Pompeii.
Shekaru da yawa bayan haka, dutsen mai aman wuta ya sake fitar da abin da ke cikinsa, wanda mafi girma daga cikinsu ya faru a shekara ta 1631, wanda ya haifar da babbar illa ga yankin. Na ƙarshe ya faru ne a ranar 18 ga Maris, 1944, wanda ya shafi yankuna da yawa. An yi imanin cewa ƙarshen ya ƙare sake zagayowar fashewar da ta fara a 1631.
Kamar yadda kake gani, dutsen mai aman wuta na Pompeii yana da abubuwa da yawa don bayarwa dangane da tarihi da fashewa. Irin abubuwan da suka faru sun kasance har ma da fina-finai da fina-finai an yi su don su iya nunawa jama'a duk abin da ya faru. Ina fatan da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da dutsen mai aman wuta na Pompeii da halayensa.