Duniyar mu har yanzu tana ɓoye manyan asirai, manyan wurare da ƙananan wurare, wurare masu nisa waɗanda kawai masu sha'awar sha'awar ziyarta ko ganowa, wannan ya faru sau da yawa a baya. Daya daga cikinsu shine tsibiran pitcairn. A hukumance yanki ne na Burtaniya na ketare na Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie da tsibiran Oeno. Ya kafa wani tsibiri dake cikin Polynesia, a cikin Oceania.
A cikin wannan labarin za mu gaya muku game da tarihi, halaye da flora da fauna na tsibirin Pitcairn.
Historia
Tarihin tsibirin Pitcairn ya fara ne a shekara ta 800 AD. An yi imanin cewa mazaunan farko sun isa tsibirin a wannan shekara, kuma wasu suna ganin sun samo asali ne daga Polynesia. Wadannan mazauna suna zaune ne a tsibirin Pitcairn da Henderson, la'akari da cewa sauran tsibirin ba su dace da rayuwa ba, ko kuma sun yi imani da shi.
Ana ci gaba da kasuwanci tsakanin Tsibirin Pitcairn da tsibirin Henderson, da kasuwanci tare da tsibirin Mangareva, wanda ya ɗan fi na sauran tsibiran, yana ba mazauna damar samun albarkatun da ba za su iya tallafawa kansu ba.
Kusan 1500, yawan mutanen tsibirin Henderson da Pitcairn sun fara ɓacewa. An yi kiyasin cewa wani bala'i ya afku a tsibirin Mangareva, wanda mai yiyuwa ne ya haifar da rugujewar nau'o'in jinsuna da yawan jama'arta, wanda ya kawo karshen dukkan tsibiran guda uku.
Sa'an nan kuma, kamar yadda babu ciniki tsakanin tsibirin, mazauna Henderrose da Pitcairn ba su da albarkatun rayuwa masu mahimmanci, an shafa su kai tsaye kuma a hankali sun ɓace. Tsawon karni guda, Tsibirin Henderson, tsibirin Dusi, da tsibirin Pitcairn, ba su ga alamar ɗan adam ba har sai da wani balaguro na Sipaniya ya jagoranta a ƙarƙashin jagorancin jirgin ruwa na Portugal Pedro Fernández de Quirós da ma'aikatansa. Wannan ya faru a ranar 26 ga Janairu, 1606, amma waɗannan ba su tsaya ba
Karni da rabi bayan haka, an sake gano tsibiran, amma a wannan karon ma’aikatan jirgin ruwa na Burtaniya ne suka gano su, wadanda suka gano tsibirin Pitcairn a shekara ta 1767, tsibirin Dusey a 1791, da tsibirin Henderson a 1819. An gano tsibirin Oeno a 1824. Yawanci. waɗannan tsibiran sun shahara ga masu kisan gilla daga jirgin ruwa mai albarka, waɗanda suka zauna a wannan tsibiri kuma ta haka suka zama na farko na dindindin a cikin ƙarni. Wannan ya faru a shekara ta 1790, kuma zuriyar waɗannan ’yan ta’adda suna zaune a cikinta.
Yawancin mutanen da ke zaune a Pitcairn zuriyar 'yan tawaye ne a cikin jirgin ruwan Bounty da abokansu daga Tahiti. Suna da kyau sosai, kuma wasu ’yan Burtaniya ma sun zauna a Tahiti tare da daya daga cikinsu. Suna zaune ne kawai a kauyen Adamstown. Su hybrids ne na Turai da Polynesia. Akwai babban matsayi na dangantakar iyali tsakanin jama'a, in ba haka ba ba za su iya barin zuriya ba. Hakanan suna da alaƙa da tsibirin Norfolk. A cikin 19337, tsibirin yana da matsakaicin mazauna 233, amma shige da fice, musamman daga New Zealand, ya rage su zuwa 59 kawai.
Tattalin Arzikin Tsibirin Pitcairn
Kwaruruwan tsibirin Pitcairn suna da ƙasa mai albarka don haka suna samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari iri-iri, waɗanda suka haɗa da ayaba, kankana, dawa, da wake. Mazauna wannan karamin tsibiri sun dogara da kamun kifi, noma da sana'o'in hannu don tsira.
Babban karfin tattalin arziki na tsibirin ya fito ne daga sayar da tambari da tsabar kudi ga masu tattarawa, da kuma sayar da zuma da wasu kayan aikin hannu, da ake sayar da su ga jiragen ruwa a kan hanyar Anglo-New Zealand ta hanyar Panama Canal. Saboda yanayin yanayin tsibirin, babu wani babban tashar jiragen ruwa ko filin sauka, don haka dole ne a yi ciniki ta jiragen ruwa da ke ziyartar jiragen ruwa.
Fasinjojin balaguro ko balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguru Akwai maza da mata 15 ne kawai a cikin ma'aikatan tsibirin.
A cikin ruwan da ke kusa da tsibirin Pitcairn akwai kifaye masu yawa, lobsters da kifaye iri-iri, waɗanda ake kamawa don rayuwar mazauna tsibirin da kuma jigilar su a matsayin abinci zuwa jiragen ruwa da ke kan tsibirin.
Mazauna suna yin kamun kifi a kowace rana, ko dai kamun kifi ne, ko kamun kifi daga jirgin ruwan kamun kifi, ko kuma yin ruwa da bindigar garaya. Domin akwai nau'ikan kifaye da yawa, kamar su Nanwee, Whitefish, Moi, da Opapa ana kama su a cikin ruwa mara zurfi, Snapper, Big Eye, da Cod ana kama su a cikin ruwa mai zurfi, kuma Yellowtail da Wahoo ana kama su cikin kwale-kwale. Don cinyewa ko siyarwa.
Flora da fauna na tsibirin Pitcairn
An samo kusan tsire-tsire tara a tsibirin Pitcairn; Daga cikin su, nau'in shuka shine tapa, wanda shine muhimmin tushen itace a zamanin da kuma yana da girma nehe fern (Angiopteris chauliodonta). Wasu, irin su raspberries (Coprosma rapensis var benefica), suna cikin haɗari. Tsibirin Pitcairn yana ɗaya daga cikin wurare biyu a duniya inda ake samun tsire-tsire na Glochidion pitcairnense, ɗayan kuma shine Mangareva.
A daya hannun, muna da fauna na tsibirin, inda muka sami rare da ban sha'awa gabatarwa, da giant kunkuru na Galapagos Islands. Kunkuru daya tilo shine daya daga cikin biyar din Sun isa Pitcairn tsakanin 1937 zuwa 1951. An yi imanin cewa kyaftin na rundunar Yankee mai ƙafa 96 ya kawo su tsibirin.
Misis T, wacce kuma aka sani da Turpen, kunkuru ce ta teku wacce ta saba zama Tedside a Westport. Dokar kariyar ta tanadi cewa laifi ne ga kowane mutum ya kashe, raunata, kamawa, raunata ko haifar da lahani ko damuwa ga kunkuru na teku. A tsibirin za ku iya samun nau'ikan tsuntsaye daban-daban, waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyoyi daban-daban. Waɗannan sun bambanta daga tsuntsayen ruwa da masu amphibians zuwa wasu nau'ikan da ba na ruwa ba. Daga cikin nau'ikan tsuntsaye 20, akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan 16 a tsibirin Henderson, ciki har da Henderson Chick da Landbirds.
Daga cikin tsuntsayen da ke zaune a Pitcairn, shahararrun su ne Australiya tern (Sternula nereis), Saint Felix tern (Anous stolidus) da ja-wutsiya tern (Phaethon rubricauda). Aku na Pitcairn (Acrocephalus vaughani), wanda kuma mazauna yankin suka fi sani da “bazara”, ya zama ruwan dare ga tsibiran Pitcairn, wanda ya zama ruwan dare gama gari, amma tun shekara ta 2008 an ayyana shi a matsayin nau’in da ke cikin hatsari.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da tsibiran Pitcairn da halayensu.