Tabbas kun taɓa jin labarin Ubangiji Micronesia da kuma Polynesia da Melanesia. Waɗannan yankuna ne a cikin Tekun Pasifik waɗanda ke da tsibiran da ke da jihohin tarayya. Ana iya cewa saitin tsibiran wani bangare ne na wata nahiya a siyasance. Waɗannan tsibiran suna da sha'awar tattalin arziki da yawon buɗe ido.
Saboda haka, za mu keɓe wannan labarin don gaya muku duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da Micronesia da halayenta.
Menene Micronesia
Micronesia yanki ne dake cikin Tekun Pasifik kuma yanki ne na nahiya da ta kunshi tsibirai da tsibirai da dama: Oceania. Micronesia ta ƙunshi ɗaruruwan ƙananan tsibiran da ke warwatse a yammacin Tekun Pasifik kuma an raba ta a siyasance zuwa yankuna 8.. Jimlar yawan mutanen Micronesia kusan 350.000 ne.
Akwai jihohi 5 masu cin gashin kansu, Palau, Tarayyar Tarayya ta Micronesia, Kiribati, Nauru da Tsibirin Marshall, amma kuma akwai jihohi 3 da suka dogara da Amurka, sune: Arewacin Mariana Islands, Wake da Guam. Gudanar da tsibirin ya canza hannu sau da yawa a cikin karni na XNUMX da rabin farkon karni na XNUMX.
Akwai harsunan gida da yawa a cikin Micronesia, waɗanda wani yanki ne na yaren Austrian, wanda aka ƙara raba zuwa harsunan Oceanian da Polynesia. Duk da haka, Ingilishi ya kasance yaren da ake magana da shi a ko'ina cikin tsibirin, kuma a wasu yankuna, galibi Guam, akwai mazauna da ke jin Mutanen Espanya don dalilai na addini.
Micronesia ɗaya ce daga cikin manyan yankuna uku na al'adu a wannan yanki na Tekun Pasifik, sauran biyun kuma sune Melanesia da Polynesia.
Wasu tarihin
Sunan Micronesia yana nufin "kananan tsibiran" a harshen Girkanci, amma ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa na Portugal Ferdinand Magellan, Bature na farko da ya isa yankin a shekara ta 1521, ya kira su "tsibirin 'yan fashi," watakila saboda mutanen yankin sun kai musu hari. .Don girmama Sarki Carlos II na Spain. Spain ta yi wa tsibiran baftisma da sunan Las Carolinas har zuwa 1885 lokacin da Jamusawa suka zo suka yi ƙoƙari su kafa ma'aikatar tsaro.
Gwamnatin Spain ta yi zanga-zanga tare da yin kira ga fadar Vatican. Yarjejeniyar Paris a watan Disamba 1898 ta kawo karshen yakin Spain da Amurka. Madrid ya sayar da Carolinas ga Jamus kan pesetas miliyan 25. A shekara ta 1914, Japan ta mamaye tsibiran kuma ta amince da Amurka kan wani shiri na wargaza yankin baki daya, amma wannan yarjejeniya ta wargaje a shekara ta 1935. An fara kai farmakin Japanawa a sansanin sojojin saman Amurka da ke Pearl Harbor a Micronesia.
A shekara ta 1947, kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da gwamnatin Amurka sun yanke shawarar makomar mallakar Japan a ketare kuma sun amince cewa Amurka ce za ta gudanar da tsibiran. A cikin Nuwamba 1986, Shugaba Ronald Reagan a hukumance ya ayyana ƙarshen mulkin Amurka a Micronesia. A cikin 1987, Tarayyar Tarayya ta Micronesia ta kulla dangantakar diflomasiyya da tsibirin Marshall. Bayan shekara guda, Isra'ila da Papua New Guinea sun amince da yankin Micronesia a matsayin sabuwar jamhuriya, sai kuma Japan da China a 1989.
Labarin kasa
Tare da Palau, jihohin Micronesia sun kafa tsibirin Caroline, mai tazarar kilomita 800 daga gabashin Philippines. Kunshi tsibiran 607 da suka bazu a kan wani yanki na murabba'in kilomita 2500, yankin da ke da tasiri a jihar shine murabba'in kilomita 700, wanda fiye da rabi ya yi daidai da tsibirin Pohnpei. Ƙasar tana da tudu. Kodayake yanayin ruwan sama yana raguwa daga gabas zuwa yamma, ruwan sama mai yawa ya shafa tsibiran. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara shine 27ºC. Haɗuwa da yawan zafin jiki da yawan zafin jiki na yau da kullun yana haifar da ciyayi mara kyau.
Ya shimfiɗa daga equator zuwa 140º arewa latitude. Ko da yake tana da sararin teku fiye da sau uku fiye da na Spain (fiye da murabba'in kilomita 1.600.000), yana da fili kilomita 700 kawai, kilomita 6.112 na bakin teku da kuma kilomita 4.467 na ruwa.
Tattalin Arzikin Micronesia
Ayyukan tattalin arziki a cikin Tarayyar Micronesia ya ƙunshi da farko na noma da kamun kifi. Gwamnati na daukar kashi biyu bisa uku na yawan manya. Jahar tana karɓar tallafi daga Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Kyauta waɗanda ke ba da damar yawon shakatawa na Amurka yana iyakance ta hanyar keɓewa, rashin isassun kayan aiki, da ƙayyadaddun sufuri na ciki da na ruwa.
Ikon majalisa yana hannun Majalisa, tsarin da bai dace ba tare da mambobi 14: Sanatoci 4 na wa'adin shekaru 4 da mambobi 10 da ke wakiltar gundumominsu na tsawon shekaru 2.
Tarayyar Tarayya ta Micronesia ta ayyana kanta a matsayin "Ƙungiyar Sa-kai ta Jihohi huɗu masu cin gashin kansu waɗanda ke da ɗimbin ƴancin kai don gudanar da harkokin cikin gida da albarkatunsu, gami da tuntuɓar waje da kuma shiga yarjejeniyar haɗin gwiwa da ƙasashe na uku." Babban kalubalen da ke gaban Tarayyar Micronesia shi ne bunkasar tattalin arzikin tsibirai da dorewar kasar.
Babbar hukumar shari'a ita ce Kotun Koli ta Tarayyar Tarayya ta Micronesia, wadda shugaban kasa ke zabar mambobinta tare da amincewar 2/3 na Majalisa. Alkalai suna da hukuncin daurin rai da rai.
Fitarwa
Spain da Micronesia ba sa jin daɗin kwanciyar hankali na kasuwanci. Wannan yana fassara zuwa tafiye-tafiye marasa daidaituwa a cikin shekara, yana ƙara jimlar cinikin fiye da Yuro 350.000 a cikin 2018. Fitar da kayayyaki sun fi girma fiye da shigo da kaya. Wannan yana haifar da ingantacciyar ma'auni na kasuwanci na Yuro 341.530 da ƙimar ɗaukar hoto na 5,141%.
Micronesia tana wakiltar kusan kashi 0% (0,0002%) na jimillar fitar da Sifen. Hakan dai ya rage muhimmancin da kasar ke da shi ta fuskar cinikayyar kasashen biyu. Shi ne abokin ciniki na 207 na Spain ta matakin fitar da kayayyaki zuwa kasashen waje.
Ciniki tare da Micronesia an rage shi a cikin shekarar da ta gabata 2018. Duk da kasancewar kyakkyawan yanayin a shekarun baya, ciniki tare da Micronesia ya ragu da 56% a cikin 2018, rage daga Yuro 650.000 zuwa Yuro 348.300 a bara.
Ciniki yana fama da tasirin gani mai tsini, yana fama da rashin kwanciyar hankali. Ana fitar da fitar da kayayyaki zuwa kasashen waje ne bisa takamaiman bukatun kasar don haka ana samun karuwa da raguwa sosai. Bugu da ƙari, ƙananan ƙarar fitarwa yana ƙara wannan tasiri.
Ina fatan da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da Micronesia da halayenta.