La meteor shawa, ko meteor shower, wani lamari ne na falaki wanda yake sananne, wanda yayi sa'a, zamu more da yawa ta hanyar kallon sama. Amma yaya aka kafa ta? Kuma, mafi mahimmanci, idan zai yiwu, Waɗanne kwanaki za ku iya gani?
Idan kuna sha'awar sanin komai game da meteor shower, kar ku daina karantawa.
Menene Meteor Shower?
A cikin sararin samaniya akwai tauraro mai wutsiya, meteorites, asteroids, da abubuwa masu ilimin taurari daban-daban waɗanda, lokacin da suka kusanci ciki na Tsarin Rana, iska daga tauraron sarki ke sa farfajiyar ta kunna; Don haka, iskar gas da kayanda suka tsara su suna zuwa sararin samaniya ta yadda za'a samu rafi ko zobe na barbashi wanda aka sani da suna meteor. Idan meteor ne, ana kiran wannan tarin tauraron harbi.
Hasken haske ana samar dashi ta hanyar ionization na yanayin da kwayar ke haifar dashi. Mafi yawan meteors da suke mu'amala da yanayin Duniya kadan ne, kamar hatsin yashi, don haka idan suka watse a tsawan kilomita 80-100, tasirin ba wani birgewa bane; Koyaya, akwai wasu, ƙwallon wuta, wanda ya tarwatse a tsayin 13-50km yana barin walƙiyar haske mai ban mamaki.
Yadda ake tantance taurarin harbi?
Wannan lamarin yana da halaye guda uku waɗanda suka sa ya zama na musamman: mai haskakawa, ƙididdigar yawan jama'a da ƙimar Zenital Hourly Rate ko THZ.
- Haske: shine batun da meteors na shawa suke daina fitowa. Ana auna shi da haɗin gwiwar Alpha, wanda shine hawan hawan dama ko AR, da Delta, wanda shine yankewa ko Ddec.
- Bayanin yawan jama'a: shine yanayin haske tsakanin membobin wannan tarin meteor.
- Zenital Hourly Rate: shine adadi mafi yawan meteors da mai kallo zai iya gani idan sama ta bayyana, Wata bai cika ba, kuma babu wata gurbatar haske.
Jerin ruwan meteor
Ga jerin dukkan ruwan sama na meteor na Mungiyar Meteor ta Duniya (IMO):
| Rain | Lokacin aiki | Matsakaici | Haske | Mara iyaka | r | THZ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kwanan wata | ƙasa | α | δ | km / s | ||||
| Quadrantids (QUA) | Janairu 01-Janairu 05 | Jan 03 | 283 ° 16 | 230 ° | + 49 ° | 41 | 2.1 | 120 |
| δ-Cancridas (DCA) | Janairu 01-Janairu 24 | Jan 17 | 297 ° | 130 ° | + 20 ° | 28 | 3.0 | 4 |
| α-Centaurides (ACE) | Janairu 28-Feb 21 | Feb 07 | 319 ° 2 | 210 ° | -59 ° | 56 | 2.0 | 6 |
| δ-Leonids (DLE) | Fabrairu 15-Mar 10 | Feb 24 | 336 ° | 168 ° | + 16 ° | 23 | 3.0 | 2 |
| γ-Normids (GNO) | Fabrairu 25-Mar 22 | Mar 13 | 353 ° | 249 ° | -51 ° | 56 | 2.4 | 8 |
| Budurwa (VIR) | Janairu 25-Apr 15 | (Maris 24) | (4 °) | 195 ° | -04 ° | 30 | 3.0 | 5 |
| Lyrid (LYR) | Apr 16-Apr 25 | Apr 22 | 032 ° 32 | 271 ° | + 34 ° | 49 | 2.1 | 18 |
| π-Puppid (PPU) | Apr 15-Apr 28 | Apr 24 | 033 ° 5 | 110 ° | -45 ° | 18 | 2.0 | ya |
| η-Aquarids (ETA) | Afrilu 19-Mayu 28 | Mayu 05 | 045 ° 5 | 338 ° | -01 ° | 66 | 2.4 | 60 |
| Sagittarids (SAG) | Apr 15-Jul 15 | (Mayu 19) | (59 °) | 247 ° | -22 ° | 30 | 2.5 | 5 |
| Yuni Bootidas (JBO) | Yuni 26-Yuli 02 | Jun 27 | 095 ° 7 | 224 ° | + 48 ° | 18 | 2.2 | ya |
| Pegasids (JPE) | Yuli 07-Yuli 13 | Jul 09 | 107 ° 5 | 340 ° | + 15 ° | 70 | 3.0 | 3 |
| Julio Phoenícidos (PHE) | Yuli 10-Yuli 16 | Jul 13 | 111 ° | 032 ° | -48 ° | 47 | 3.0 | ya |
| Pisces Austrinids (PAU) | Jul 15-Aug 10 | Jul 28 | 125 ° | 341 ° | -30 ° | 35 | 3.2 | 5 |
| Aqu-Kudu Aquarids (SDA) | Jul 12-Aug 19 | Jul 28 | 125 ° | 339 ° | -16 ° | 41 | 3.2 | 20 |
| α-Capricornids (CAP) | Jul 03-Aug 15 | Jul 30 | 127 ° | 307 ° | -10 ° | 23 | 2.5 | 4 |
| Aqu-Kudu Aquarids (SIA) | Jul 25-Aug 15 | Agusta 04 | 132 ° | 334 ° | -15 ° | 34 | 2.9 | 2 |
| Aqu-Arewa Aquarids (NDA) | Jul 15-Aug 25 | Agusta 08 | 136 ° | 335 ° | -05 ° | 42 | 3.4 | 4 |
| Farisiya (PER) | Jul 17-Aug 24 | Agusta 12 | 140 ° | 046 ° | + 58 ° | 59 | 2.6 | 100 |
| -Cígnidas (KCG) | Aug 03-Aug 25 | Agusta 17 | 145 ° | 286 ° | + 59 ° | 25 | 3.0 | 3 |
| Aqu-Aquarids na Arewa (NIA) | Aug 11-Aug 31 | Agusta 19 | 147 ° | 327 ° | -06 ° | 31 | 3.2 | 3 |
| α-Aurigid (AUR) | Aug 25-Sep 08 | Sep 01 | 158 ° 6 | 084 ° | + 42 ° | 66 | 2.6 | 10 |
| -Aurigid (DAU) | Satumba 05-Oktoba 10 | Sep 09 | 166 ° 7 | 060 ° | + 47 ° | 64 | 2.9 | 5 |
| Kwashe (SPI) | Sep 01-Sep 30 | Sep 19 | 177 ° | 005 ° | -01 ° | 26 | 3.0 | 3 |
| Draconids (GIA) | Oct 06-Oct 10 | Oct 08 | 195 ° 4 | 262 ° | + 54 ° | 20 | 2.6 | ya |
| ε-Geminids (EGE) | Oct 14-Oct 27 | Oct 18 | 205 ° | 102 ° | + 27 ° | 70 | 3.0 | 2 |
| Orionids (ORI) | Oktoba 02-Nuwamba 07 | Oct 21 | 208 ° | 095 ° | + 16 ° | 66 | 2.5 | 23 |
| Taurids ta Kudu (STA) | Oktoba 01-Nuwamba 25 | Nov 05 | 223 ° | 052 ° | + 13 ° | 27 | 2.3 | 5 |
| Arewacin Tauridas (NTA) | Oktoba 01-Nuwamba 25 | Nov 12 | 230 ° | 058 ° | + 22 ° | 29 | 2.3 | 5 |
| Leonidas (LEO) | Nov 14-Nov 21 | Nov 17 | 235 ° 27 | 153 ° | + 22 ° | 71 | 2.5 | 20 + |
| o-Monocerotides (AMO) | Nov 15-Nov 25 | Nov 21 | 239 ° 32 | 117 ° | + 01 ° | 65 | 2.4 | ya |
| χ-Orionids (XOR) | Nuwamba 26-Dec 15 | Dic 02 | 250 ° | 082 ° | + 23 ° | 28 | 3.0 | 3 |
| Enararrakin Dec (PHO) | Nuwamba 28-Dec 09 | Dic 06 | 254 ° 25 | 018 ° | -53 ° | 18 | 2.8 | ya |
| Puffy / Fluffy (PUP) | Disamba 01-Dec 15 | (Disamba 07) | (255 °) | 123 ° | -45 ° | 40 | 2.9 | 10 |
| Monocerotids (MON) | Nuwamba 27-Dec 17 | Dic 09 | 257 ° | 100 ° | + 08 ° | 42 | 3.0 | 3 |
| -Hydrides (HYD) | Disamba 03-Dec 15 | Dic 12 | 260 ° | 127 ° | + 02 ° | 58 | 3.0 | 2 |
| Kayan mata (GEM) | Disamba 07-Dec 17 | Dic 14 | 262 ° 2 | 112 ° | + 33 ° | 35 | 2.6 | 120 |
| Ku ci Berenicides (COM) | Disamba 12-Janairu 23 | Dic 19 | 268 ° | 175 ° | + 25 ° | 65 | 3.0 | 5 |
| Ursids (URS) | Disamba 17-Dec 26 | Dic 22 | 270 ° 7 | 217 ° | + 76 ° | 33 | 3.0 | 10 |
Muhimmin:
- Rain: yana nuna suna da gajartar ruwan sama.
- Lokacin aiki: sune ranakunda yake aiki.
- Matsakaici:
- Kwanan wata: shine ranar da za'a iya ganin yawancin meteors.
- Rana: Hasken rana. Shi ne ma'aunin matsayin Duniya a kan kewayenta.
- Haske: sune daidaito na matsayin annurin ruwan sama. shine Hawan Yesu zuwa Dama, δ shine Rushewa.
- v mara iyaka: saurin da meteors ke kaiwa lokacin shiga yanayi. Ana bayar da shi a cikin km / s.
- r: shine yawan mutane. Idan r ya wuce 3.0, yana nufin cewa ya fi rauni fiye da matsakaita; maimakon haka idan ya kasance 2.0 zuwa 2.5 to zai yi haske.
- THZ: shine Zenital Hourly Rate. Idan yayi sama, ana amfani da THZE. Idan yana canzawa, yana nuna »var».
Yaya ake ganin ruwan sama?
Ana iya ganin taurarin masu harbi da ido, matuƙar sama ta bayyana kuma Wata bai cika ba, amma abin takaici da ci gaban biranen yana da wuya a more su sosai. Saboda haka, Idan kanaso kayi tunani game da kyawunta, dole ne ka nisanta sosai daga biranen.
Yi amfani da dama don tafiya tare da ƙaunatattunku zuwa karkara ko tsaunuka don ku iya lura da su. Tabbas zaku sami babban lokaci 🙂.
Babban ruwan meteor da kwanakin da aka gani
Kamar yadda muka gani, akwai tarin taurari masu yawa wadanda za'a iya gani a cikin shekara, amma sanannun sanannun sune:
- Quadrantids: lokacin ayyukanta yana farawa daga 1 ga 5 ga Janairu, tare da matsakaicinsa shine Janairu 3. Yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan ruwan sama na shekara, tare da Zenith Hourly Rate na 120 meteors / h.
- Lyrid: lokacin ayyukanta yana faɗaɗa tsakanin 16 ga Afrilu da 25, tare da matsakaicin kasancewarsa 22. Its THZ shine 18 meteors a kowace awa.
- Labarai: kuma ana kiransa Hawaye na San Lorenzo. Lokacin aikinsa ya faɗaɗa daga 17 ga Yuli zuwa 24 ga Agusta, tare da matsakaicinsa tsakanin 11 da 13. The Zenith Hourly Rate is 100 meteors / h.
- Draconids: wani lokacin ana kiransa Giacobinids. Ruwan sama ne wanda ake fahimtar lokacin aikin sa daga 6 ga Oktoba 10 zuwa 8, yana kaiwa zuwa iyakar XNUMX. Yana da ƙimar Zenith Hourly Rate.
- Orionids: Ruwan sama ne na matsakaiciyar aiki wanda lokacin aikin sa ya fara daga 2 ga Oktoba zuwa 7 ga Nuwamba, zuwa matsakaicin 21 ga Oktoba. Kudinta na Zinar Hourly shine meteors 23 a kowace awa.
- Leonidas: su ne ruwan sama wanda lokacin aikinsa ya ƙare daga 15 ga Nuwamba zuwa 21, kuma ya isa iyakar aiki kowane shekara 33. Matsakaicin sa'a na Zenith shine 20 meteors / h.
- Kayan mata: yana ɗaya daga cikin ruwan sama mai yawan aiki. Suna da lokacin aiki wanda ya fara daga 7 ga Disamba zuwa 17, kuma ranar da ta kai matsakaicinta ita ce 13. The Zenith Hourly Rate is meteors 120 a kowace awa.
Shooting hotunan tauraro da bidiyo
Hotuna
Don ƙare, za mu bar muku waɗannan kyawawan hotuna na ruwan sama da aka gani daga sassa daban-daban na duniya.
