Menene matsa lamba na yanayi kuma yaya yake aiki?

A cikin yanayin yanayi, matsin lamba na yanayi Abu ne mai matukar mahimmanci yayin la'akari da nazarin yanayin yanayi. Girgije, guguwa, hadari, iska, da dai sauransu. Ana daidaita su sosai ta hanyar canje-canje a cikin matsin yanayi.

Koyaya, matsin yanayi ba wani abu bane na zahiri, wani abu ne wanda za'a iya gani da ido, saboda haka akwai mutane da yawa waɗanda suka fahimci ma'anar, amma basu san ainihin menene ba.

Menene matsin yanayi?

Ko da kuwa da alama ba haka bane, iska tayi nauyi. Ba mu da masaniyar nauyin iska tunda mun nitse a ciki. Iska tana ba da juriya lokacin da muke tafiya, gudu ko tafiya a cikin abin hawa, saboda, kamar ruwa, matsakaici ne wanda muke tafiya a ciki. Yawan ruwa ya fi na iska yawa, shi ya sa yake da wuya mu motsa cikin ruwa.

Ko ta yaya, iska tana yin ƙarfi akan mu da kan komai. Saboda haka, Zamu iya bayyana ma'anar yanayin yanayi kamar ƙarfin da iska ke aiki daga saman duniya. Matsayi mafi tsayi na saman duniya dangane da matakin teku, yana rage tasirin iska.

A waɗanne wurare ake auna matsa lamba na yanayi?

Yana da ma'ana a yi tunanin cewa idan matsin yanayi ya kasance saboda nauyin iska a kan wani yanki a doron ƙasa, dole ne mu ɗauka cewa mafi girman batun, ƙananan matsin zai kasance, tun da yake adadin iska a kowane rukuni ma ƙasa da haka. a sama. Ana auna matsin yanayi kamar yadda yake gudu, nauyi, da dai sauransu. Ana auna shi a yanayi, millalbars, ko mm Hg (milimita na mercury). A yadda aka saba ana ɗaukar matsin yanayi wanda ke wanzu a matakin teku a matsayin abin ishara. Can yana ɗaukar darajar yanayi 1, milliba 1013 ko 760 mm Hg kuma lita na iska mai nauyin gram 1,293. Rukunan da masana yanayi suka fi amfani da shi na na millibars.

Yaya ake auna matsin yanayi?

Domin auna matsawar ruwa, Matakan matsa lamba. Wanda akafi amfani dashi kuma mai sauƙin amfani shine manometer buɗe bututu. Yana da asali bututun U-mai kama da ruwa. Endayan ƙarshen bututun yana a matsa lamba don ɗayan kuma ɗayan yana cikin haɗuwa da yanayi.

para Auna iska ko matsin yanayi ta amfani da barometer. Akwai barometers na nau'ikan daban-daban. Mafi sani shine barometer na Mercury wanda Torricelli ya ƙirƙira. Yana da bututu mai siffar U tare da rufaffiyar reshe wanda aka zana wuri a ciki, don haka matsin lamba a cikin mafi girman ɓangaren reshen nan sifili ne. Ta wannan hanyar, za a iya auna ƙarfin da iska ke yi a kan shafi na ruwa kuma a auna matsin yanayi.

Kamar yadda mukayi bayani a baya, matsin yanayi yana faruwa ne saboda nauyin iska akan wani yanki na doron kasa, saboda haka, mafi girman wannan batun shine, ƙananan matsa lamba, tunda kasan adadin iska da yake. Zamu iya cewa matsin yanayi yana raguwa a tsawo. Misali, a kan dutse, adadin iska a cikin mafi girman ɓangaren ƙasa da wannan a bakin rairayin bakin teku, saboda bambancin tsayi.

Wani misali mafi dacewa shine mai zuwa:

An ɗauki matakin teku a matsayin tunani, inda matsin yanayi yana da kimar 760 mm Hg. Don dubawa cewa matsin yanayi ya ragu a tsayi, zamu tafi kan dutse wanda mafi girman ƙwanƙolinsa ya kai kimanin mita 1.500 sama da matakin teku. Muna aiwatar da ma'aunin kuma ya juya cewa a wannan tsayin, matsin yanayi shine 635 mm Hg. Tare da wannan ɗan gwajin, mun duba cewa adadin iska a ƙwanƙolin dutsen bai kai na matakin teku ba kuma, sabili da haka, forcearfin da iska ke amfani da shi a sama kuma mu ba shi da ƙasa.

Matsalar yanayi da tsawo

Abu mai mahimmanci don tunawa shine matsa lamba na yanayi baya raguwa daidai gwargwado tunda iska ruwa ne wanda ake iya matse shi sosai. Wannan yana bayanin cewa iska mafi kusa da farfajiyar ƙasa yana matsawa ta nauyin kansa. Wato, matakan iska na farko kusa da ƙasa ya ƙunshi ƙarin iska ana matsawa ta sama ta sama (iska a saman ya fi yawa, tunda akwai iska da yawa a kowane juzu'i), saboda haka matsin ya fi girma a saman kuma baya raguwa daidai gwargwadon adadin Iska baya tsayawa a hankali a tsayi.

Ta wannan hanyar zamu iya cewa kasancewa kusa da matakin teku, yin ƙaramin hawan tsayi yana haifar babban digo a matsi, yayin da yayin da muke ƙaruwa, muna buƙatar hawa sama sosai don fuskantar raguwar matsin yanayi daidai gwargwado.

Menene matsin lamba a matakin teku?

Matsalar yanayi a matakin teku shine Har zuwa 760 mm Hg, kwatankwacin millibars 1013. A mafi girma da tsawo, da ƙananan matsa lamba; a gaskiya an rage shi da 1mb ga kowane mita da muke hawa.

Ta yaya matsin yanayi ke shafar jikinmu?

A yadda aka saba akwai canje-canje a cikin matsin lamba lokacin da akwai hadari, rashin kwanciyar hankali ko iska mai ƙarfi. Hawa a tsawo ma yana shafar jiki. Masu hawan dutse sune mutanen da suka fi shan wahala daga waɗannan nau'ikan alamun saboda canje-canje na matsi yayin hawa tsaunuka.

Mafi yawan alamun cutar sune ciwon kai, bayyanar cututtukan ciki, rauni ko gajiya, rashin kwanciyar hankali ko jiri, damuwa da bacci, da sauransu. Matakan da ya fi tasiri game da bayyanar cututtukan cututtukan dutse shi ne saukowa zuwa ƙasa, koda kuwa 'yan mitoci ɗari kaɗan ne.

Matsi da rashin kwanciyar hankali ko kwanciyar hankali

Air yana da ɗan sauƙin motsi kuma yana da alaƙa da yawa da zafin jiki. Iska mai dumi ba ta da yawa kuma iska mai sanyi tana da yawa. Abin da ya sa idan iska ta yi sanyi sai ta sauko kasa a tsauni da kuma akasin haka idan ta fi dumi. Wannan tasirin iska yana haifar da canje-canje a cikin matsin yanayi yana haifar da rashin kwanciyar hankali ko kwanciyar hankali a cikin mahalli.

Kwanciya ko Anticclone

Lokacin da iska tayi sanyi kuma ta sauko, matsin yanayi yana ƙaruwa tunda akwai iska mai yawa a saman kuma sabili da haka, yana yin ƙarfi sosai. Wannan yana haifar da kwanciyar hankali ko kuma ana kiranta anticyclone. Halin da ake ciki na anticyclone An bayyana shi da kasancewa yanki na kwanciyar hankali, ba tare da iska ba tunda iska mafi sanyi da nauyi ta sauka a hankali a cikin madauwari shugabanci. Iskar tana juyawa kwata-kwata yadda ba za'a iya fahimta ba a arewacin duniya da kuma ta hanyar agogo a kudu.

Cyclone ko squall

Akasin haka, lokacin da iska mai zafi ta tashi, yana rage matsin yanayi kuma yana haifar da rashin kwanciyar hankali. An kira shi guguwa ko hadari. Iska koyaushe tana motsawa cikin fifikon fifiko zuwa waɗancan yankuna tare da ƙananan matsin yanayi. Wato, duk lokacin da wani yanki ya sami hadari, iska za ta fi girma, saboda kasancewar yanki mara matsi sosai, iska za ta je wurin.

Wani abin lura kuma shine iska mai sanyi da iska mai zafi basa cakuɗawa kai tsaye saboda yawan su. Lokacin da waɗannan suke saman, iska mai sanyi tana tura iska mai zafi sama tana haifar da saukad da matsi da rashin kwanciyar hankali. Daga nan aka samar da hadari wanda ake kiran yankin da ake hulɗa tsakanin iska mai zafi da sanyi gaba.

Taswirar yanayi da matsin yanayi

da taswirar yanayi masana yanayi ne suka yi su. Don yin wannan, suna amfani da bayanan da suke tarawa daga tashoshin yanayi, jiragen sama, ballo masu sauti da kuma tauraron ɗan adam na wucin gadi. Taswirar da aka samar suna wakiltar yanayin yanayi a cikin ƙasashe da yankunan da aka yi nazari akai. Ana nuna kimar wasu al'amuran yanayi kamar matsi, iska, ruwan sama, da sauransu.

Taswirar yanayin da muke sha'awa a wannan lokacin sune waɗanda ke nuna mana matsin yanayi. Akan taswirar matsa lamba Lines na matsin lamba na yanayi daidai ake kira isobars. Wato, yayin da matsin yanayi ke canzawa, ƙarin layukan isobar zasu bayyana akan taswirar. Hakanan ana nuna gaban a cikin taswirar matsi. Godiya ga ire-iren waɗannan taswirar yana yiwuwa a tantance yadda yanayi yake da yadda zai canza a cikin fewan awanni masu zuwa tare da babban matakin aminci, har zuwa iyakar kwanaki uku.

A cikin waɗannan taswirar, yankunan da ke da tasirin yanayi mafi girma suna nuna yanayin anticyclone kuma yankunan da ƙananan matsi ke nuna hadari. Fuskokin zafi da sanyi suna ƙaddara ta alamomi kuma suna hango yanayin da zamu sami a cikin yini.

Gabatarwar sanyi

da gaba da sanyi su ne wadanda a cikinsu iska mai sanyi yana maye gurbin iska mai zafi. Suna da ƙarfi kuma suna iya haifar da rikicewar yanayi kamar hadari, ruwan sama, guguwa, iska mai ƙarfi, da gajeren iska mai ƙanƙanci kafin gaban sanyi ya wuce, tare da yanayin bushe yayin da gaban ke ci gaba. Dangane da lokaci na shekara da kuma yanayin ƙasa, fuskokin sanyi zasu iya zuwa cikin kwanaki 5 zuwa 7.

Gaba dumi

da gaba dumi su ne wadanda a cikinsu tarin iska mai dumi a hankali yana maye gurbin iska mai sanyi. Gabaɗaya, tare da wucewar gaban dumi, zafin jiki da zafi suna ƙaruwa, matsin lamba ya sauka kuma kodayake iska tana canzawa, ba a furtawa kamar lokacin da gaban sanyi ya wuce. Ana samun ruwan sama a cikin yanayin ruwan sama, dusar ƙanƙara ko dusar ruwa galibi ana samunta a farkon farkon gaban ƙasa, da kuma ruwan sama mai kamawa da hadari.

Tare da wadannan fannoni na yanayin yanayi zaka iya sanin sarai menene matsafin yanayi da yadda yake aiki a duniyar mu. Don sanin abin da masana yanayi suke gaya mana a cikin hasashen yanayi da kuma iya nazarin da fahimtar yanayin mu sosai.

Gano komai game da barometer, kayan aikin da ake auna matsa lamba dasu:

Labari mai dangantaka:

Barometer