Lake Karachai

Abin takaici, da karachai lake Ba wuri ne mai kyau don shakatawa ko wanka ba. A cikin 1990s, idan wani ya zauna a ƙasa na sa'a guda, za a iya fallasa su zuwa 600 roentgen radiation, wanda ba shi da lafiya. Da yake cikin yankin Chelyabinsk a kudancin Urals, tafkin an san shi tun karni na 1951. Sau da yawa yana bushewa kuma wani lokacin ma yana ɓacewa daga taswira. Tun 9, Mayak Production Association, daya daga cikin mafi girma da makaman nukiliya a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, ya jefar da sharar rediyo a cikin Karachay, wanda aka sake masa suna V-XNUMX Reservoir.

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu gaya muku duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da tafkin Karachay, menene halayensa da kuma dalilin da yasa tafki ya fi ƙazanta a duniya.

Tafki mafi gurbatar yanayi a duniya

Kimanin murabba'in kilomita 1,5, Tafkin Karachay yana samun fitarwa na rediyo a kowace shekara. An yi imanin kasan tafkin yana dauke da sharar rediyo a cikin zurfin yadudduka mai zurfi, zurfin mita 3,4.

A cikin 1967, iska mai ƙarfi ta kada ta cikin yankin, ta watsar da caesium-137 da strontium-90 (dukkanin abubuwa masu haɗari da rana ta fallasa a lokacin fari na 1960s). Yanayin ya sa abubuwa sun bazu a kusan murabba'in kilomita 2.700, lamarin da ya jefa lafiyar dubban mutane cikin hadari. Sassan tafkin sun bushe a lokacin fari na shekarun 1960, wanda ke fallasa abubuwa masu hadari ga rana.

An dai yi amfani da tubalan siminti da duwatsu daban-daban wajen rufe birnin na Karachay, bayan da hukuma ta dauki mataki. Aikin ya dauki fiye da shekaru 40 kuma an kammala shi a ranar 26 ga Nuwamba, 2015. Tafkin ya tara abubuwa masu haɗari da yawa a cikin shekaru da yawa wanda ruwan ya fitar da abubuwa fiye da miliyan 120, wanda ya ninka abin da bala'in nukiliyar Chernobyl ya watsa a cikin iska.

Daruruwa ko ma dubban shekaru daga yanzu, tafkin zai kasance sharar rediyo. Yana da kyau a bar tafkin shi kaɗai maimakon ƙoƙarin motsa tarkace a wani wuri, a cewar masu binciken.

Lake Karachay Monitoring

Yuri Mokrov, mataimakin babban darekta na Kamfanin Samar da Mayar, ya ce babu wata ƙasa da ke da gogewar adana wani abu mai haɗari kamar V-9 a ajiye. Don haka, Karachay za a kula da aikinsa na dogon lokaci mai zuwa.

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa na al'ada don bincika ingancin ruwa, gami da auna gamma radiation, adadin iska kusa da ruwa, da duk wani radionuclides kusa da samar da ruwa. Yanayin yanayi daban-daban suna haifar da matsi daban-daban a ƙasa, kuma ana la'akari da al'amuran geodetic a hankali yayin tsarin zane.

shirye-shiryen gaba don tafkin ya hada da kara yawan kasa da tarkace a kan yankin, sannan kuma ana shuka ciyawa da ciyayi a yankin. Ba a ba da izinin bishiyar ba saboda tushensu na iya lalata tubalan simintin da ake amfani da su don yin tafkin. Ba za a iya shafar tarin makaman nukiliyar da ke wurin ba ko da guguwar iska ba za ta iya shafa ba, a cewar kwararrun da ke sa ido a wurin tsawon shekaru.

matakan kwantar da hankali

Matakan farko na tsaftace gurbacewar radiyo daga tafkin mai yiwuwa an dau latti, a cewar wasu kafofin. Tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1986, an saka tubalan siminti 10.000 a cikin tafkin don hana gurɓataccen gurɓataccen ruwa yaduwa. Waɗannan ƙoƙarin sun ƙare a cikin 2016, amma har yanzu ana ɗaukar rukunin gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu ne. An yi watsi da wasu gine-gine a yankin saboda yawan hasken da ke cikin ruwan karkashin kasa. National Geographic ta ba da rahoton cewa ba za a iya zama wasu daga cikin gurɓatattun wuraren ba.

A cikin shekarun 1990s, kwashe sa'a guda a gabar tafkin na iya haifar da kashi 600 na roentgens, in ji Daily Mail. Wannan ya ninka sau 200.000 fiye da matakan radiation na al'ada.

Sauran gurbatattun koguna

Kusa da tashar wutar lantarki ta Mayak, akwai wani babban tafkin da ake kira Lake Kyzyltash. Ruwansa ya zama gurɓata da sauri saboda ana amfani da shi don sanyaya injin injin. Phytoplankton a cikin tafkin sun canza yanayin ci gaban su kuma sun girma cikin sauri fiye da yadda aka saba saboda gurbatar ruwa na nukiliya.

Kogin Techa ya samo asali ne a kusa da birnin Ozyorsk kuma yana bi ta tafkin Karaganda da wasu tafkuna masu yawa masu dauke da kayan aikin rediyo. Ruwan kogin Techa ya hade da kogin Iset, wanda daga nan ya ratsa cikin kogin Tobol na Siberiya, wanda ya zama daya daga cikin manyan koguna a Siberiya. Tafkuna ba su wanzu a matsayin rufaffiyar ruwa. Ana iya haɗa su da magudanan ruwa da koguna, gami da kogin Techa mai tsawon kilomita 240.

A shekara ta 1949, kogin Kyzyltash (kogin da ke shiga cikin wannan tafkin) shi ne babban tushen ruwa a yankin, saboda tashar makamashin nukiliya da ke kusa da ta zubar da gurbataccen ruwa a cikin kogin. Shekaru biyu kacal bayan haka, wato a shekara ta 1951, an samu manyan ambaliyar ruwa a yankin, wanda ya haifar da gurbacewar rediyo a cikin kasa kusa da kogin. Ko da yake an yi imanin cewa aikin rediyo yana raguwa da nisa, babu wata shaida da ke nuna cewa gurɓata yanayi ta shafi dukan yanayin halittu.

Kogin Techa ya gurɓata da aikin rediyo kusan shekaru 50. Cibiyar Ciwon daji ta kasa ta yi nazari kan mutane 30.000 da ke zaune a yankin don ganin adadin masu fama da cutar kansa a cikin jama'a saboda gurbacewar ruwa. An gano cewa kashi 65 cikin XNUMX na mutanen yankin suna fama da matsalolin lafiya sakamakon rashin aikin rediyo a cikin ruwa. A wannan yankin, an sami karuwar masu kamuwa da cutar daji da kashi 21%, da nakasar haihuwa kashi 25%, an samu karuwar masu cutar sankarar bargo da kashi 41%, da karuwar masu fama da rashin haihuwa.

Hatsari a tafkin Karachay

A cikin 1967, a cikin dogon lokacin rani, tafkin Karachay ya bushe sosai, ta yadda iska ta busa sharar nukiliya daga kasan tafkin a kan wani yanki mai fadin murabba'in kilomita 1.800. yana fallasa wasu mutane 400.000 zuwa radiation. An kwashe mutane 180.000 daga cikin wadannan mutane.

Dukkanin hadurran da suka shafi tashar makamashin nukiliya ta Mayak, manyan jami'an gwamnati sun kasance a asirce (ko kuma a yi watsi da su, idan ba sirri ba) don kada su bayyana shirinsu na makaman nukiliya. Wani abin mamaki shi ne, CIA na sane da hadurran da ke faruwa da kuma tashar makamashin nukiliya ta Mayak, amma kuma ta kebe ta domin tsoron kada ta jefa nasu shirin nukiliya cikin hatsari.

A 1987, A ƙarshe samar da Plutonium ya daina lokacin da biyu daga cikin na'urorin nukiliya biyar na Mayak suka daina aiki. Gabaɗaya, fiye da mutane 500.000 sun kamu da radiation bayan shekaru da yawa suna aiki a masana'antar, matakan da ke gabatowa matakan gurɓata da hatsarin Chernobyl ya haifar.

Gurbacewar ruwa a tafkin Karachay na ci gaba har wa yau, kuma shafe sa'a guda a bakin tafkin na iya haifar da mummunar hasarar rayuka.

Ina fatan da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da tafkin Karachay da halayensa.