Mun san cewa akwai daban-daban nau'ikan taurari gwargwadon samuwar su da ilimin halittar su. Abubuwan da ke cikin kowane taurari daban-daban kuma wannan ya sa ya sami halaye na musamman. Yau zamuyi magana akansa galaxies mara tsari. Haɗin kan taurari, duniyoyi, gas, ƙura da kwayoyin halitta waɗanda ke haɗuwa da ƙarfin nauyi amma a gani basu da nau'in ƙungiya.
A cikin wannan labarin za mu fada muku duk halaye, samuwar da kuma jujjuyawar taurarin da ba daidai ba.
Babban fasali
Galaxies na yau da kullun an san su ne waɗanda ba su da ƙungiyar gani. LNazarin ya kiyasta cewa kusan 15% na taurari ba tsari. Ba kamar damin taurari ba kamar Milky Way da Andromeda wadanda suke da cibiya, da faifai da kuma wasu hannayen karkace masu karko, akwai wasu taurari wadanda ba su da kowane irin yanayi ko tsari. Wasu daga cikinsu suna da sanduna ko makamai. Amma ba tabbataccen ilimin halitta bane.
Rashin tsarin da ke tattare da galax ba bisa ka'ida ba ana danganta shi da dalilai da yawa. Ofaya daga cikin waɗanda abin ya shafa don bayanin yadda ake ƙirƙirar wannan nau'in taurari shine cewa akwai fashewar babban abu. Babban fashewar ya faru a cikin gundumar galaxy kuma ya haifar rarrabuwa cikin watsawa kusan dukkanin abubuwan ciki ba tare da rasa dukkan haɗin kai ba. A cikin damin taurari wanda ba na yau da kullun ba zaka iya samun nakasawa saboda nauyi da wasu makwabcin tauraron da ke makwabtaka da shi ya fi girma.
Mun sani cewa damin taurarin mu, yana da sihiri kuma yana da girma, ya jirkita galaxies biyu da nanas waɗanda aka sani da gajimare na Magellanic. An ba da shawarar cewa waɗannan ƙananan taurari biyu suna haɗuwa da namu. A nan gaba mai yiwuwa yana yiwuwa duk wannan abin da suka ƙunsa ya zama ɓangare na Milky Way.
Akwai wani galaxy mara daidaituwa sananne sosai saboda haske sosai. Labari ne game da Cigar galaxy. Nau'in galaxy ne wanda yake da wadataccen kayan cikin magana kuma a cikin taurari suna saurin samu cikin sauri. Lokacin da suke samari, taurari shuɗi ne kuma mai haske sosai, wanda ke bayyana ƙarancin haske na wannan galaxy ɗin da ba na doka ba.
Siffofi da bayanin galaxies marasa tsari
Ofaya daga cikin halayen da gungun taurarin da ba na doka ba ya bambanta da sauran su shine haskensu. Kuma wannan haske yana zuwa ne daga kuzarin da dakika samu galaxy a kowane mitoci kuma ya dace da adadin taurarin da yake dasu. Galaxies ba daidai ba galibi suna da adadi mai yawa na taurari wanda ke sanya su haske sosai.
Launin taurarin dan adam yana da alaƙa da yawan taurari. Akwai taurari iri biyu. Taurarin da ke cikin tarin taurari Ni waɗancan ne samari da abubuwa masu nauyi kamar su helium sun fi yawa. A gefe guda, a cikin yawan II akwai wasu abubuwan ƙananan ƙarfe kuma ana ɗaukarsu tsofaffin taurari.
A cikin jerin ja na taurari mun ga cewa taurarin taurari waɗanda suke da ɗan ƙarami ko babu wani tauraro ya bayyana. Wannan nau'ikan nau'ikan taurarin dan adam ya kunshi kusan dukkanin galaxies masu jan lantarki. A gefe guda, a cikin yankin mafi kyau shine taurarin taurari waɗanda ke da saurin tauraruwa. Daga cikin wa ɗannan taurarin da ke cike da sabbin taurari mun sami galarin Cigar da muka ambata.
Yankin mafi kyawun yanki shine yankin sauyawa inda taurarin taurari waɗanda ke da samari da tsofaffin taurari suka haɗu. Zamu iya cewa Milky Way da Andromeda misalai ne na wadannan taurarin dan adam wadanda suka kunshi taurari biyu. Waɗannan nau'ikan taurarin da ba na tsari ba suna da ban sha'awa a sani saboda sune mafi kyawun duka. Kodayake ba su da wata siffa ta ban mamaki, amma suna iya cewa suna da cibiya. Kuma shine a tsakiyar waɗannan taurarin sune mafi girman ƙimar haihuwar jarirai. Abu mafi mahimmanci shine galles ɗin da ba'a bi ka'ida ba ana ɗaukar su ƙarami.
Nau'ikan galaxies marasa tsari
Edwin Hubble masanin falaki ne wanda ke kula da rarraba taurari daban-daban gwargwadon yadda suke. Bayan nazarin faranti na daukar hoto da yawa tare da taurarin taurari ya sami damar kafa tsarin asali da nau'ikan taurari daban-daban. Muna da elliptical, lenticular, barli karkace, karkace, da kuma wanda bai bi ka'ida ko damin taurari ba. Wadanda basu dace ba sune wadanda basu da kowane irin sifa. Mafi yawa daga cikin damin taurarin da ke wanzu a cikin sararin samaniya nau'ikan elliptical ne ko kuma karkace.
Kamar yadda aka koyi taurari, an fadada rabe-raben don samun damar rarraba dukkan wadannan rukunoni wadanda basa cika takamaiman tsari. Anan zamu sami nau'ikan tauraron dan adam na I da II mara tsari. Kodayake tare da wasu iyakoki, makircin Edwin Hubble yana da matukar taimako wajen kafa halaye da kaddarorin wadannan taurarin da ba daidai ba. Zamu bayyana menene halaye na kowane nau'i:
- Nau'in galaxies marasa tsari: su ne waɗanda asalin asalin Hubble ya bayyana, kamar su Magellanic-galaxies-type galaxies. Za a iya ɗauka cewa su cakuda ne tsakanin taurari masu juyawa waɗanda ba su da cikakkiyar fasalin tsarin ko waɗanda ke da ƙirar tsari.
- Nau'in galaxies na yau da kullun na yau da kullun: sune wadanda suka kunshi tsoffin taurari da ja. A ka'ida, wadannan taurari basu cika samun haske ba kuma sune taurari kamar yadda abu ya riga ya bazu kuma basu da wata siffa.
Munga misalin gajimare na Magellanic. Galaxies guda biyu ne marasa tsari. Babban girgijen Magellanic yana nesa da shekaru dubu 180.000, yayin da karami ke nesa da shekaru dubu 210.000. Suna ɗaya daga cikin xan gungun taurari, kusa da Andromeda, waɗanda za'a iya gani ba tare da buƙatar na'urar hangen nesa ko fasaha mai nisa ba.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da taurarin da ba daidai ba da halayen su.