Lokacin da muke magana akan thermodynamics, da ƙwanƙwasawa. Samun tsarin wani nau'i ne na ma'aunin kuzari wanda baida shi a cikin tsarin thermodynamic ko kuma rufaffen tsarin wanda shima galibi ana daukar shi azaman ma'aunin rikicewar tsarin. Dukiya ce ta tsarin tsarin da ya sha bamban kai tsaye tare da kowane canji, matukar dai ana iya juya shi a cikin zafin tsarin ko akasin haka da yanayin zafin.
A cikin wannan labarin zamu fada muku duk abin da ya kamata ku sani game da entropy kuma za mu baku wasu misalai a rayuwar yau da kullun.
Ma'anar entroppy
Mun sani cewa shine ma'aunin makamashi wanda babu shi a cikin rufaffiyar tsarin thermodynamic. Hanya daya da za ayi amfani da entroppy shine auna matsalar rashin tsari. Wannan yana nufin, hargitsi a cikin tsarin saboda tsarin entropy ne. A yadda aka saba, yayin da yawan zafin jiki ya ƙaru ko raguwa shi ne lokacin da akwai manyan canje-canje a cikin ƙwayoyin halitta da atom waɗanda suka samar da tsarin.
Idan muka fassara ma'anar entropy a cikin maganganu masu sauki zamu iya cewa lalacewar abu ne da kuzari a sararin samaniya zuwa kyakkyawan yanayin rashin daidaiton aiki.
Babban fasali
Za mu ga menene manyan halayen da ke tattare da cima-zaune. Yana da manyan halaye guda uku. Ofayansu shine haɓakar tsarin yana ƙaruwa lokacin da aka kawo zafi a cikin tsarin ba tare da la'akari da yanayin zafin jiki ma wanda ya biyo baya ba. Wannan shine, a kowane tsarin da muke gabatar da zafi, entropy na tsarin yana ƙaruwa.
Lokacin da muka gabatar da zafi a cikin tsarin halittu, ko yawan zafin jiki ya canza ko a'a, shigarwar yakan ragu idan aka ki wannan zafi. A cikin A cikin dukkan matakan da suke adiabatic, ƙimar entropy tana ci gaba da kasancewa akan lokaci. Yadda ake auna entropy dole ne ayi a hankali. Kuma, lokacin da aka auna shi, dole ne a yanke hukunci ba tare da izini ba kuma wasu za a iya guje musu. Misali, ma'aunin ma'auni, shan abin da ake kira entroppy rate, amma wasu iyakokin ba za'a iya shawo kansu ba.
Bari mu ɗauki misali don fayyace wannan mafi kyau. Idan ya zama dole mu zabi game da yadda zamu bayyana wasu abubuwan da suke faruwa tunda entropy baya canzawa, zamu iya bayyana abu iri daya a hanya daya. Wannan iyakance ce mafi girma fiye da taƙaitawar gama gari kuma kowa ya san cewa don auna entroppy, dole ne a san yankin matsalar da za'a magance.
Koyaya, zamu iya bayyana ma'anar entropy azaman aiki mai sauƙin gaske. Yana da logarithm ɗaya kawai da ke ciki da adadin abubuwan da ke da wasu kaddarorin abubuwan sha'awa.
Kadarorin entroppy
Zamu fara bayanin wadanne ne mafi girman kaddarorin entroppy a cikin kwarewar mu ta yau da kullun. Ana iya gabatar dashi azaman wani abu wanda bashi da nauyi kuma wanda zai iya gudana cikin komai a duniyarmu. Dukiya ce wacce ke da alaƙa da yawan ƙwayoyin abu a jiki, wanda ke nufin yanki na sararin samaniya kuma ana iya kulawa dashi azaman abu. Ta wannan hanyar, entropy za'a iya rarraba shi akan wani yanki na abu, tara ta hanya kai tsaye ko kuma kai tsaye. Hakanan za'a iya cire shi, taɓar dashi ko sauya shi zuwa wani abun. Ta wannan hanyar, zamu iya haɗa shi da ƙarfinmu.
Mun sani cewa entropy yana canza yanayin abu da mahimmanci. Lokacin da abu yayi karancin yawa, ana ganinsa kamar sanyi. Idan tatsuniyar kayan tana dauke da adadi mai yawa da za'a iya fahimta kamar koda ana neman zafi. A saboda wannan dalili mun san cewa yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a duk bangarorin yanayin zafi kuma ana iya ɗaukar sa a matsayin sababin waɗannan tasirin. Ba tare da wannan ma'aunin ba babu zazzabi ko zafi. A yadda aka saba yakan yada gabaɗaya cikin jikin mutum mai kama da juna kuma ana lalata shi ta atomatik fiye da ƙasa da sauri gaba ɗaya cikin ƙarar.
A wannan tsarin, zamu iya ganin cewa entropy yana gudana daga mafi zafi zuwa mafi sanyi jiki. Akwai wasu abubuwa wadanda suke da kyau kwandastan kamar azurfa, tagulla, lu'u lu'u lu'u lu'u lu'u da alminiyum da sauransu waɗanda ba su da kyau masu tafiyar da abubuwa kuma suna sa shi gudana a hankali kamar itace, robobi ko iska. Yayinda a cikin rayuwar yau da kullun muke amfani da jagororin kwarai don canza shi, muna amfani da marassa kyau a matsayin insulators.
Ana samar da babban entroppy a cikin murfin dumamawar injin wutar lantarki. Hakanan suna faruwa ne a cikin harshen wuta na mai ƙona mai da kuma kan gogayya na tsarin birki. Wani wurin da ake samar da adadi mai yawa yana cikin tsokoki na ɗan wasan wanda ke cikin ci gaba da motsi. Haka lamarin yake a kwakwalwa. Lokacin da muke tunani, ana samar da adadi mai yawa.
Zazzabi da yanayi
Kusan mun san cewa samarwa na faruwa a cikin kowane yanayi a yanayi. A kowane yanayi wanda akwai canji akwai damuwa a ciki. Mafi kyawun halayyar da take da ita shine yadda take faruwa a kusan duk hanyoyin da ake aiwatarwa a rayuwa, walau ƙarami ko babba. Babu halin yanzu sanannen inji wanda, da zarar an samar da adadi mai yawa, ba za a iya lalata shi ba. Jimlar yawan adadin da ke akwai kawai zai iya ƙaruwa kuma kar ya ragu.
Duk wani tsari da yake haifar da kwayar halitta ba zai iya dawo da wannan kuzarin ba tunda yana da tsari wanda ba za a iya juya shi ba. Wannan ba yana nufin cewa jiki zai iya sake kaiwa ga matsayin sa na farko ba, kawai wannan yawan zafin ya bar jikin ka. Da'awar cewa yana ƙaruwa amma ba ya raguwa shi ne abin da ke ƙunshe a cikin doka ta biyu ta ilimin kimiyar yanayi. Idan babu wurin sanya ajiyar, ba zai yuwu jiki ya koma yadda yake ba.
Kamar yadda kake gani, abu ne mai wahalar bayyana amma yana da fa'ida ta yau da kullun. Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da wannan batun.