Wannan taron na Yanayi na ashirin da uku (COP23) ya riga ya ƙare, kuma yana yin hakan tare da amincewar takaddar da ta fara don fayyace dokokin yarjejeniyar Paris game da canjin yanayi. Wannan Yarjejeniyar tana da kusan kasashe 200 da suka sake jaddada aniyarsu ta Bonn a yaki da canjin yanayi duk da ficewar Amurka.
Wannan Yarjejeniyar tana da mahimmancin gaske don dakatar da canjin yanayi kuma yanzu fiye da kowane lokaci, tunda, bayan tashi daga Amurka, ɗayan ƙasashe mafiya ƙazanta a duniya, dole ne a yi ƙoƙari sosai don ba a cimma ba karuwar 2 ° C matsakaicin yanayin zafin duniya. Waɗanne dokoki aka kafa a cikin wannan Yarjejeniyar ta Paris?
COP23 ya ƙare
Firayim Ministan Fiji, Frank Bainimarama, wanda ya rike shugabancin COP23, ya yi la’akari da cewa rubutun da aka amince da shi a taron, ya kira "Lokacin Bull na aiwatarwa" na yarjejeniyar ta Paris, yin sallama ga kalmar "bijimin" wanda Fijians ke gaisawa da ita, "wani ci gaba ne na ci gaba a aiwatar da yarjejeniyar da aka kulla a shekarar 2015."
Kodayake an cimma wasu shawarwari kuma ana tsara wannan Yarjejeniyar, har yanzu da sauran aiki a gaba. Kwamishinan Turai na Ayyukan Sauyin Yanayi, Miguel Arias Canete, ya fahimci cewa shekara mai tsanani na tarurruka don diflomasiyyar yanayi na jiran mu. Har yanzu akwai sauran fannoni da yawa da za a tantance kuma a yi la’akari da su don ci gaban tattalin arziki mai dorewa wajen yaki da canjin yanayi.
Halayen takardu
Wannan takaddun ya ƙunshi kwaskwarima ga yawancin ƙasar raguwar iskar gas da kuma kuɗin da ƙasashe masu arziki za su ware wa waɗanda ke cikin ci gaba don su sami damar dacewa da canjin yanayi.
Batun neman kudi, musamman, ya jinkirta daukar yarjejeniya har zuwa wayewar gari, yayin da kasashe masu tasowa suka bukaci masu hannu da shuni da su gabatar da rahoton shekaru biyu a gaba kan kudin da za su bayar da kuma a wane lokaci, tare da manufar cewa zasu iya sanin irin kudaden da suke da shi.
Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, Amurka ta fita daga Yarjejeniyar Paris, kodayake wannan ficewar Ba zai zama abu ba har sai 2020. Koyaya, sanarwar ficewar wannan ƙasa ta haifar da wani yanayi na rashin yarda da juna a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa waɗanda suka tilasta sauran ƙasashe masu arziki su ci gaba da jajircewa don samun kuɗin.
Mun tuna cewa a yau ci gaban tattalin arziki yana da alaƙa da gurɓata. Wato, GDP na ƙasa yana da kusanci da hayaƙin iskar gas, don haka ƙasashe masu tasowa, idan suna son dakatar da fitar da iskar gas, zasu buƙaci kuɗi domin ci gaba da habaka tattalin arziki.
Tallanoa kudade da tattaunawa
Achievedasashe masu tasowa sun cimma buri da Kyoto Protocol Adaptation Asusun zauna a Yarjejeniyar Paris. Bugu da kari, akwai wani aiki da ya nuna cewa kasashe masu arziki zasu gabatar da cikakken bayani na cikakken kudin da zasu bayar har zuwa shekarar 2020, wanda shine lokacin da yarjejeniyar ta Paris ta fara aiki, wanda a karon farko yana da wajibai ga kowa.
A takaice dai, kasashe masu tasowa sun so tabbatar da cewa wadanda ke da alhakin sauyin yanayi cika alƙawarinsu a kashi na biyu na Yarjejeniyar Kyoto, har zuwa 2020, don su fara yin nasu daga wannan ranar kuma ta hanyar yarjejeniyar Paris.
A wannan COP23, an tsara abin da ake kira Tattaunawar Talanoa. Wannan ya kunshi bada lissafi a taro na gaba wanda kasashe zasu yi bayanin yadda zasu kara burinsu da alkawurran da suka rage na fitar da hayaki a halin yanzu don cimma burin raguwar yanayin duniya.
Tattaunawar Talanoa ba kawai ta hada da gwamnatoci, wakilai na kungiyoyin farar hula ba (kamfanoni, kungiyoyin kwadago, masu kula da muhalli, masana kimiyya, da sauransu) suma za su halarta, kuma kasashe masu arziki za su bayar da bayanin abin da za su yi kafin shekarar 2020 don magance canjin yanayi.
A ƙarshe, an tuna cewa illolin canjin yanayi ba daidai yake da kowa ba, amma babu wanda ya tsere daga gare su.