Venezuela tana da wurare masu ban sha'awa da yawa don bincika, ɗaya daga cikinsu shine Walƙiya Catatumbo a Zulia, wurin da ya kamata a ziyarta domin shi ne abin al'ajabi na musamman a duniya. Wannan wuri ya shahara a tsawon tarihi.
Saboda haka, za mu keɓe wannan labarin don gaya muku duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da walƙiya na Catatumbo, halaye da mahimmancinsa.
Menene walƙiya Catatumbo?
Walƙiya ta Catatumbo wani lamari ne na musamman na yanayin yanayi a duniya wanda ke faruwa a cikin tafkin Maracaibo, tafkin mafi girma a cikin yankin Latin Amurka. Ya ƙunshi wani al'amari wandaYa manyan abubuwan zazzagewa suna ci gaba da tattara su a duk faɗin duniya kuma yana faruwa akai-akai tsakanin Mayu da Nuwamba.
Al'amarin walƙiya na Catatumbo ya faru ne saboda:
- Haushi daga tafkin Maracaibo.
- Duwatsun Cordillera de Mérida sun hana gajimare motsi.
Wadannan abubuwa guda biyu suna haifar da yawan gizagizai ya taru a wurin, tare da fitar da ruwa da ke fitowa daga magariba zuwa wayewar gari. Mafi kyawun lokacin ganin wannan al'amari shine farkon safiya, tunda shine lokacin yawancin abubuwan zazzagewa kuma shine mafi kyawun lokacin ɗaukar hoto.
Yadda ake zuwa kullin walƙiya na Catatumbo
Idan kuna sha'awar sanin yadda ake zuwa walƙiya na Catatumbo, muna nan don nuna muku hanyar da zaku bi, dangane da inda kuke, ba shakka.
Ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun hanyoyin zuwa Catatumbo shine tare da wanda ya san yankin. Jagorar da aka fi ba da shawarar ita ce: Alan Hayden, mutumin da ya rayu a wannan wuri tsawon shekaru 25. yayi nazari, ya dauki hoton walƙiya, kuma ya jagoranci mutane zuwa kallon kallon. Ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba, mun zo nan don ba ku hanyar da za ku bi a Zulia don isa wurin da aka gina gidaje inda za ku iya ganin walƙiya.
Tashar farko don ganin al'amarin walƙiya na Catatumbo shine Puerto de Concha, wani gari a jihar Zulia inda kwale-kwalen ke tashi zuwa al'ummar Ologá. Amma don haka dole ne ku kewaya cikin kogin na tsawon sa'o'i. A yayin tafiya za ku iya kallon nau'ikan dabbobi masu yawa, musamman tsuntsaye iri-iri da wasu birai a yankin.
Tushen
Asalin samuwar walƙiya na Catatumbo dole ne a samo shi a cikin iskar kasuwancin arewa maso yamma da kudu maso gabas, lokacin da ya shiga cikin damuwa inda tafkin yake, yana karo da Saliyo de Perijá (iyakar tsakanin Colombia da Venezuela) da kuma samar da adadi mai yawa. ƙananan iska a kudancin yankin, a cikin jagorancin Ciénagas Creadas akan madubi na ruwa.
A sakamakon fitar da iskar gas mai ionized, musamman samfurin methane na bazuwar kwayoyin halitta a cikin fadama, wanda ya fi iska iska kuma yakan tashi. karo da iskar da ke kadawa daga kogin Andes suna haifar da hadari da kuma walƙiya a sakamakon haka.
Magana ta farko game da walƙiyar Catatumbo ita ce almara La Dragontea na Lope de Vega, wanda aka buga a 1597, game da Nombre de Dios. Magajin garin Diego Suárez de Amaya ya doke dan fashin teku na Burtaniya Sir Francis Drake. Masanin ilimin halitta na Prussian kuma mai bincike Alexander na Humboldt ya bayyana shi a matsayin "fashewar wutar lantarki kamar phosphorescence...", daga baya masanin tarihin Italiya Augustin Kodazzi ya yi sharhi a matsayin "da alama Sully's Ci gaba da Walƙiya a ciki da kewayen Yahe".
Babban binciken zamani shine na Melchor Centeno, wanda ya danganta asalin guguwar lantarki da rufaffiyar iskoki a yankin. Tsakanin 1966 da 1970, masanin kimiyya Andrés Zavrostky, tare da mataimaka daga Jami'ar Universidad de los Andes, sun yi balaguro guda uku zuwa Santa Bárbara del Zulia, kuma sun kammala cewa rukunin zai kasance da wuraren tarihi da yawa a cikin marshes na Ciénagas de Juan Manuel de Aguas. National Park. Claras da Aguas Negras zuwa yammacin tafkin Maracaibo; bai shige su ba. Ya ba da shawarar a cikin 1991 cewa taron ya haifar da yanayin zafi da sanyi, amma Bai yanke hukuncin fitar da uranium a matsayin wani abu na gama gari ba, ko da yake na karshen ba komai ba ne illa hasashe.
Tsakanin 1997 da 2000, wata tawagar karkashin jagorancin Nelson Falcón daga Jami'ar Calabobo sun gudanar da balaguro da yawa kuma sun yi nasarar gano tsakiyar abin da ke faruwa a cikin Ciénagas de Juan Manuel kuma sun samar da hotunan farko na ƙananan ƙananan Catatumbo na walƙiya Physical model, gano methane. . A matsayin daya daga cikin manyan dalilan wannan al'amari, ko da yake shi ma babban abin koyi ne na wutar lantarki, amma har yanzu ba a tabbatar da shi ta hanyar ma'auni na musamman a cikin gajimaren walƙiya ba.
Methane kuma ya bayyana yana da alaƙa da walƙiya akan Titan (watan Saturn) kuma da alama yana da alaƙa da wasu yankuna masu aiki. muhimmiyar yanayin lantarki, kamar kudancin Florida da tsakiyar Afirka. Bisa ga wannan samfurin, methane ya samo asali ba kawai daga cikin fadama na Hunan ba, har ma daga karaya a cikin tufa mai dutse, mai arziki a cikin kerogen III, samfurin da ke da alaƙa da dumbin ma'adinan ruwa mai haske da aka saba a cikin tafkin Maracaibo.
Sabanin sauran hasashe daban-daban, Wannan sigar ƙididdigewa ce wacce ke mai da hankali kan ilimin kimiyyar lissafi na fitar da aka lura, ka'ida ce, ba kawai zato ba game da "ci karo" na gaban iska mai dumi da sanyi, wanda zai iya bayyana hazo amma ba abubuwan lura da ayyukan lantarki na dindindin ba.
Ba a ga wata walƙiya ba tun watan Janairun 2010. lokaci mafi tsawo da babu walƙiya da ba a iya gani a kusan shekaru ɗari, kuma ana fargabar cewa sun tafi har abada yayin da ƙasar ke fama da matsanancin fari.. Sai dai kuma binciken da aka yi don ganin ko ya tafi ya nuna cewa bai tafi ba, aikin bai tsaya ba, kawai ba a iya ganin ido ba, hasali ma firgicin da ya saba bai huce ba.
Lokacin da yakan faru sau da yawa
Walƙiyar tana faruwa ne bayan faduwar rana, a lokacin da ta fara duhu ko kuma sararin sama ya riga ya yi duhu, amma a cewar masu binciken, kamar hasken rana ne saboda ci gaba da walƙiyar. Suka ce akwai kimanin haskoki 28 a cikin minti daya akan tafkin Maracaibo na tsawon awanni tara. A cewar NASA, idan abin ya faru, za a samar da isasshiyar wutar lantarki da za ta iya haskawa fitulun fitulu miliyan 100, sannan wata walkiya ta tsawon mintuna 10 a Catatumbo za ta haska daukacin Kudancin Amurka, lamarin da aka bayyana sau da dama a cikin karni.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da walƙiya na Catatumbo da halayensa.