Ofaya daga cikin mafi kyawun ƙasa a duniya shine Kogin Colorado. An ƙirƙira shi da zaizawar da ta haifar da dubban shekaru ta hanyar wucewar Kogin Colorado. Canyon yana da sifa ta labyrinth wacce ke ratsa arewacin jihar Arizona a Amurka. Yawancin wannan gaci an ayyana shi a matsayin National Park don samun wadatuwa a cikin nau'ikan halittu da mahimman halittu.
Saboda haka, zamu sadaukar da wannan labarin don gaya muku duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da halaye, asali da kuma yanayin ƙasa na Canyon na Colorado.
Babban fasali
A cikin 1979 UNESCO ta ayyana Colorado Canyon a matsayin Gidan Tarihin Duniya. A yau, yana da sha'awar zama ɗayan abubuwan al'ajabi na duniya. Ba wai kawai saboda kyawawan yanayin shimfidar sa ba, amma kuma saboda damar da yake bayarwa game da binciken da bincike. Misali, dalilin zaizayar Kogin Colorado ya sa ana iya ganin yadudduka da yawa na laka wanda ya kai shekaru biliyan 2.000 da suka wuce, bayyana dukkan sirrin tarihin duniya.
Bugu da kari, ba wai kawai tana da wannan karfin bayanan game da duniyar tamu ba, amma kuma tana da dimbin arziki a cikin halittu daban-daban da kuma yiwuwar samun jan hankalin masu yawon bude ido saboda kyansa. Idan muka koma asalin Kogin Colorado zamu ga cewa Kogin Colorado ne ya kirkireshi wanda tafarkinsa ke lalata kasa tsawon miliyoyin shekaru. Yana da kusan kilomita 446 kuma yana da wasu tsaunuka tsakanin tsawan kilomita 6 da 29. Tana iya kaiwa zurfin sama da mita 1.600.
A duk tsawon waɗannan biliyoyin shekaru, duniyarmu ta bar alamu da yawa game da tarihi kuma ana iya yin nazari saboda albarkatun. Kuma shi ne kogunan ruwa da rafuka suna yanka Layer bayan Layer na laka a daidai lokacin da tsaunin yake tashi.
Bincike game da Canyon Colorado
Wannan canjin yafi kasancewa a cikin jihar Arizona. Koyaya, raƙuman ruwan kogin sun sa ya mamaye wani ɓangare na Utah da Nevada. Ruwa biyu da yafi yawa sun rabu da kilomita 200 tsakanin su. Sassan da aka fi ziyarta sune kanun labarai inda sama da baƙi miliyan 5 kowace shekara Suna magana ne game da mahimmancin yawon shakatawa da wannan wurin shakatawa na ƙasa ke da shi. Ka tuna cewa masu yawon buɗe ido ba wai kawai suna tafiya ta irin waɗannan kyawawan shimfidar wurare ba, har ma don ƙarin koyo game da tarihin duniyarmu.
Daga cikin baƙi waɗanda ke zuwa Kogin Colorado akwai kowane irin ƙwararru. Da yawa daga cikinsu kwararru ne a fannin ilimin kasa wadanda ke tafiya kansu don nazarin asalin duniyar tamu. Bangaren arewa ya kai kimanin mita 2.400 sama da matakin teku kuma samunsa yana cikin wani yanki mafi nisa. Ana iya zuwa ta mota ko ta jirgin sama, filin jirgin sama mafi kusa shine Las Vegas a nesa na kilomita 426 zuwa yamma.
Colorado Canyon Geology
Bari mu ga menene babban ilimin ƙasa wanda wannan kwarin yana da. Dole ne mu sani cewa mafi yawan duwatsun da ke cikin Kogin Colorado sune duwatsu masu laushi. Yawancin su ana iya yin karatun su kuma sun koma shekaru biliyan 2.000. Da yawa shales suna cikin kasan yana da shekaru miliyan 230 daga tsohuwar farar kasa. Yawancin filayen da aka samo a cikin halayyar canyon an ajiye su a cikin zurfin zurfin dumi kusa da gabar teku. Har ila yau, muna ganin wasu sassan da aka ajiye a cikin gandun dajin bakin teku wanda ya kafa teku a cikin ci gaba da ci gaba da kuma janyewa daga bakin tekun.
Dole ne mu sani cewa a duk tsawon tarihin duniya matakin teku ya karu ya kuma ragu gwargwadon canjin canjin yanayi da ya faru ta dabi'a. Bai kamata mu rikita batun canjin yanayin da muke samu ba na mutane. Saurin daidaitawar dabbobi da tsirrai zuwa canjin yanayi ya fi sauƙi rabin sa'a. Babban banda shine dutsen sandar Coconino wanda aka ajiye shi a daidai wannan hanyar kamar dunes a cikin hamada.
Babban zurfin Canyon na Colorado kuma musamman tsayin tsauninsa ana iya danganta shi zuwa fiye da mita 1.500-3.000 na tsawan tsauni a tsawan shekaru. Laukakawa ta fara faruwa kusan shekaru miliyan 65 da suka gabata. Duk wannan haɓakar an samar da ita a matakai daban-daban maimakon kasancewa mai ci gaba, saboda haka tana da matakai. Strata su ne yadudduka waɗanda ke da alamun samun takamaiman takamaiman laka. Misali, zamu iya ganin saukar da duwatsu masu ƙwanƙwasa iri daban-daban a cikin zamani ɗaya.
Tsarin haɓakawa ya haɓaka ƙwanƙolin halin yanzu na Kogin Colorado da ƙananan sa. Ta wannan hanyar, ya sami damar haɓaka gudu da ikon wucewa ta cikin dutsen don sauya fasalin yanayin ƙasa a hankali. An kafa yankin magudanan kogin kimanin shekaru miliyan 40 da suka gabata, yayin da Grand Canyon mai yiwuwa bai cika shekaru miliyan 6 ba. Tana da yawancin yashewar kasa a cikin shekaru miliyan biyu da suka gabata. Zaizaron ƙasa yana sanye da duwatsunsa duka. Sakamakon wannan zaizayar kasa ginshiƙan ginshikan ilimin kasa ne baki daya a duniya.
A yau, tafkin kogin yana ci gaba da ɓata rafin kogin tare da fallasa tsofaffin duwatsu.
Yanayi da yawon bude ido
Yanayin yanayin damina mafi girma sun faru a lokacin lokacin kankara. Yayin wannan aikin, adadin ruwan da aka tara daga magudanan kogin ya karu. A sakamakon haka, zurfin da saurin tashar yana haifar da yashwa mafi yawa a duk waɗannan lokutan. Kimanin shekaru miliyan 5.3 da suka gabata ƙananan matakin kogin ya canza lokacin da Tekun Kalifoniya ya buɗe kuma gaba ɗaya matakin ya faɗi. Yayinda matakin tushe ya ragu, matakin yashewa ya karu. Ya kai irin wannan matakin lalatawa wanda kusan dukkanin zurfin Grand Canyon a yau ya isa kimanin shekaru miliyan 1.2 da suka gabata.
Game da yawon shakatawa, ɓangaren da aka fi ziyarta na Canyon na Colorado ya kasance a gefen kudu da kimanin mita 2.134 30 sama da matakin teku. Kuna iya yin abubuwa kamar rafting ko zuriya kogi da yin yawo tsakanin waɗansu. Jami'an wurin shakatawar ba su ba da shawarar yin kwana guda na yawon shakatawa ba, tunda kokarin da ake bukata da kuma hatsarin gajiya daga zafin rana da yanayin zafi na iya lalata wasu matsaloli.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da Canyon Colorado da halayenta.